Coloradowararren dankalin turawa na Colorado memba ne na dangin ganyen ƙwaro. Ƙwaro na Colorado suna cin abinci iri-iri na amfanin gona kamar su dankali, barkono mai ƙararrawa, tumatir, ƙwai, da sauransu. Wadannan kwari kwari ne masu hadari. Bayyanar a shafin yana cike da lalata yawancin albarkatun gona da kuma matsaloli masu zuwa.
Janar bayani
Colorado dankalin turawa - mafi ban tsoro kwaro... Yana da matukar wahala kuma yawan jama'arta yana da matukar wahalar sarrafawa saboda saurin haihuwar mutane da yawan kwan da mace takeyi. Kwaro da aka kawo daga Arewacin Amurka yayi nasarar samun suna a matsayin ainihin mai kashe amfanin gona.
Duk da komai, mutum na iya kuma ya kamata ya yi yaƙi da shi. Idan kun barshi shi kadai bai dauki wani mataki ba, to ana iya barin ku ba tare da amfanin gona ba.
Me cutarwa yayi
Kwarin da kwarkwata suna da matukar tasiri.
Sun sami sunan "ganyen ƙwaro" saboda son cin ganyen tsire-tsire. Jerin abincin ya hada da: dankali, tumatir da sauran albarkatu, suma zasu iya cin abinci akan wasu furanni, misali, taba, petunia.
Irin ƙwaro yawanci yakan ƙi 'ya'yan itacen da tushen shukar, tunda ta ɗabi'a tana ci na musamman sama da ganye... Amma har ma yanayi wani lokacin yana yaudara, in ba haka ba ba zai yiwu ba a bayyana gaskiyar cewa wasu wakilai ba sa ƙin 'ya'yan itatuwa da ƙananan harbe.
Larvae sun fi manya girma... Zasu iya lalata duka harbe-harbe. Lokacin da aka cinye dukkan ganyen kuma babu cikakkun ganye, sai su tafi su ci ganyayen ganye, wannan yana haifar da lalata tsiron gaba ɗaya.
Mutanen da ke cikin ƙasa suna cin tubers. Dankali ya kasa yin girma, kuma a ƙarshe suna kawo ɗan girbi kaɗan, ko ba komai.
Daga ina ya fito
Daga ina ya zo? Gida na - arewa maso gabashin Mexico. An fara gano shi bayan ya bayyana kuma ya lalata filaye a cikin Colorado. Hakanan a arewa maso gabashin Mexico, sauran wakilan ganyen ƙwaro suna rayuwa, suna ciyar da albarkatun daji.
Tarihi
Ya tafi daga arewa maso gabashin Mexico zuwa yankin Arewacin Amurka... Bayan sun isa Amurka, kwarin sun lalata gonakin dankalin turawa a cikin Colorado. Daga sunan jihar, inda suka fara koyo game da ƙwaro, an sanyawa kwaro suna "Colorado beetle".
Matakan ci gaba
A lokacin hunturu, kwaron na iya rayuwa a zurfin rabin mita a karkashin kasa, inda mutane ke bacci.
Da zaran narkewa ya fara, ƙwaro yakan fita sama don neman abinci. Yaki da su yana da rikitarwa saboda gaskiyar cewa sun fito daga ƙasa na dogon lokaci, aikin yana ɗauka daga wata ɗaya zuwa da yawa.
Gabaɗaya, ƙwaron yana da matakai huɗu na ci gaba:
- Kwai... Kwari suna barin kwayayensu akan ganyen. A matsayinka na ƙa'ida, mace tana yin ƙwayayen ƙwaya kusan dubu, waɗanda suke da siffa oval kuma suna kusa da girman milimita biyu. Zai iya zama a cikin matakin ƙwai daga kwana biyar zuwa goma sha bakwai, ya dogara da yanayin waje. A wannan lokacin, mutane suna samun sautin duhu.
- Tsutsa... Tsutsa, wanda ya fara ƙwai daga ƙwai, bi da bi, shima ya ƙunshi matakai huɗu na ci gaba.
Kunnawa mataki na farko ya zama launin toka-toka. Tsutsa tana da girman milimita biyu da rabi. Tana amfani da bagarya mai ganye a matsayin abinci.
Mataki na biyu sanadiyyar ƙaruwar girman zuwa milimita huɗu da rabi da canza launi zuwa ja. Yayin na uku - riga milimita tara, tsutsa kuma yana samun launi ja-rawaya.
Kunnawa mataki na karshe wannan samfurin ruwan lemu ne mai kauri kuma yana da jiki mai milimita goma sha shida.
Me yasa tsutsa ke da hadari?
Tsutsa ya fi na manya girma.
Tana iya lalata dukkanin ganyen dankalin, kuma idan babu sauran ganye da yawa, za ta fara cin abinci a kan ɓangaren litattafan almara. Al'adar ta tsaya a ci gabanta, sabili da haka, shukar ba zata ƙara girma ba. Mai lambu na iya kasancewa tare da ɗan gajeren girbi, ko kuma bai sami ɗankwali ɗaya daga daji ba.
- Chrysalis... Tsutsa ta sauka daga ganyen dankalin sannan ta shiga karkashin kasa don pupate. Tsawancin matakin jujjuyawar ya kai kimanin makonni uku, kuma ya dogara da yanayi. Kwarin sun canza launin sa zuwa ruwan hoda-lemo.
- bug... Crawls daga wurin daurin sa, wato pupa, kuma ya fara cin ganyen dankalin turawa. Matashin saurayin yana da kalar lemu mai haske.
Duk waɗannan matakan suna da mahimmanci don cikakken ci gaban ɗaiɗaikun mutane. Ci gaba mai sauƙi, kowane mataki yana ɗaukar ɗan lokaci.
Menene kama?
Matsakaicin tsayin kwari milimita goma sha biyukuma fadin shine milimita takwas... Yayi kama da ƙwaro mai launin rawaya-lemu.
Manya suna da ƙananan fikafikan yanar gizo, tare da taimakon abin da suke tashi. Kowane elytra yana da ratsiyoyi baƙar fata 5.
Nawa rayuka
Yawancin lokaci wakilan jinsunan suna rayuwa shekara gudaamma wasu suna iya rayuwa tsawon shekaru 2 ko 3.
Sananne ga iyawarsa fada cikin diapause (tare da taimakon wannan ƙwarewar, ƙwayoyin dankalin turawa na Colorado suna rage saurin kuzarinsa, a wata ma'anar, kumburi, wanda ke ba shi damar ci ba tare da abinci na dogon lokaci ba. A matsayinka na ƙa'ida, ana amfani da ikon don tsira da hunturu ko shekara mara kyau don abinci).
Abin da ƙwaro ya yi kama da Colorado
Suna kama da ƙwaro dankalin turawa na Colorado:
- Haldman's Green Dankali irin ƙwaro
- Shuka dankalin turawa
- Dankalin Turawa
- Texas ba'a dankalin turawa
Yaya aka yada
Kamar yadda aka ce, Uwar ƙasa ita ce arewa maso gabashin Mexico. Daga nan, mutane suka nufi arewa, inda suka ci gonakin dankalin turawa a yawancin jihohin Amurka. Bayan 'yan shekaru, wakilan jinsin sun tabbatar da kansu a wannan wuri.
Lokacin jigilar kaya daga Sabuwar Duniya zuwa tsohuwar Colorado ƙwaro an gabatar da su zuwa Turai. An yi nasarar yaƙi da su, amma a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na theyarshe sun sami damar samun gindin zama a yankunan Faransa, kuma daga nan suka ci gaba zuwa ƙetaren Turai, suna tafiya tare da taimakon akwatunan dambe.
Inda yake hibernates
Lokacin da yanayin sanyi ya shiga, wakilan jinsunan burrow a cikin ƙasa zuwa zurfin rabin mita kuma sun sami nasarar shawo kan can. An "tono su" a lokacin lokacin narkewa. A lokacin hunturu, wasu daga ƙwaroro suna mutuwa, amma yawancinsu suna rayuwa.
Ta yaya yake ninkawa
A matsayinka na mai mulki, mutane suna yin haihuwa a lokacin kaka, kafin diapause, da bazara. Mace na iya sa ƙwai kusan dubu a ɗaure ɗaya. Kwanciya zata fara kwana uku bayan saduwa. Dabino yana faruwa a cikin yanayin rana, galibi da tsakar rana.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa
- Lokacin da kwaro yaji hatsari, ba ya tashi, sai ya fadi kasa ya yi kamar ya mutu.
- Mutum a gaban iska yana iya saurin zuwa kilomita bakwai a awa ɗaya.
- Gubobi suna tarawa a saman jikin ƙwarin, wanda hakan ya zama kusan ba shi da tasiri ga sauran kwari.
Yadda za a magance ƙwayar dankalin turawa na Colorado
Chemistry
Ana yaƙar kwari tare da taimakon ƙwayoyi masu yawa. A matsayinka na mai mulki, ana amfani da magungunan kwari, waɗanda aka kasu kashi biyu:
- Wace dankalin ake sarrafawa a lokacin saukowa (wakilin dankalin turawa) - "Prestige", "Matador Super", "Emperor".
- Da wane aiki ake aiwatarwa lokacin girma, ci gaban shuka - "Aktara VDG", "Aktellik".
Magungunan gargajiya
Don kawar da ƙwaro, za ku iya amfani da hanyoyi daban-daban na jama'a. Ba su da tasiri kamar maganin sunadarai, amma har yanzu suna iya taimaka wa mai kula da lambun.
Jerin hanyoyin mutane don yaƙar kwaro ya haɗa da:
- Plantsurar shuke-shuke da toka
- Dusting da masara gari
- Kura da siminti ko filastar
- Yada katako tsakanin layuka
- Fesawa da kayan kwalliyar ganye da kayan kwalliya
- Shuka tsire-tsire masu banƙyama waɗanda ke wari da ƙwaro dankalin turawa na Colorado
Hanyoyin gargajiya na iya taimakawa matuka wajen yakar kwari.
Makiya na halitta
Ya kamata a rubuta daga cikin masu ceto na lambun daga larvae:
- Beasa beetles
- Lacewa
- Skvortsov
- Mites masu lalata
- Matan aure
- Guinea tsuntsaye
- Hakanan zaka iya horar da turkey don cin manya.
- Addu'a mantises
Ya kamata a ambata cewa ƙwaro iya kashe kansa, ba tare da taimakon lambu ba, ba shakka. Jikin gandun daji na dankalin turawa na Colorado ya ƙunshi toxin da zai iya kashe mai masaukin. Wajibi ne a sanya ƙwaro a cikin wani jirgin ruwa da aka cika da ruwa su bar can. Dafin zai narke ya kashe kwari.
Rigakafin bayyanar
Yawancin lambu da yawa suna jayayya cewa don hana bayyanar yawan adadin ƙwayoyin dankalin turawa na Colorado a kan shafin, ya zama dole tono ƙasa a kan kari, wanda mutane suke ciki, kuma suka tara ƙwaro, wanda yake cikin halin rudani, yaɗa tsire-tsire a cikin lokaci, kuma, yana tattara ƙwaro da hannuwanku.
Har ila yau, ya zama dole a yi amfani da hanyoyin gargajiya na fada da ƙwaro, ko kuma hanyoyin sinadarai, amma masu lambu suna adawa da kula da tsirrai da komai, suna jayayya cewa komai ya ƙare da dankali, wanda sai mu ci. Suna iya zama daidai.