Kowane mai kula da lambu ya san cewa bishiyoyin rasberi suna girma sosai kuma suna ba da wadataccen girbi a ƙasa mai wadataccen sinadarai. Don ƙirƙirar yanayi mai kyau ga wannan shuka, yana da mahimmanci a zaɓi takin mai dacewa.
Top miya na raspberries a cikin kaka taimaka ƙara yawan amfanin ƙasa. A matsayin tufafi na sama, ana amfani da abubuwa masu ma'adinai da ma'adinai, waɗanda aka gabatar bisa ƙa'idojin da aka kafa.
Yaushe raspberries ke buƙatar ciyarwa da sarrafawa?
Ba kawai kalandar takin kwalliyar kwalliya ba ce kawai za ta iya taimakawa wajen sanin lokacin da ya kamata a yi takin. Shuka da kanta zata gaya muku ainihin abin da ya rasa, kuma waɗanne takin zamani sun riga sun mamaye. Ba lallai bane ku zama gogaggen mai lambu don gano matsalar.
Kuna buƙatar bincika shrub ɗin a hankali, kula da canjin launi na ganye., kaurin mai tushe. Bayan gano matsalar cikin lokaci, maigidan zai sami lokaci don magance ta saboda rashin / wuce haddi na takin zamani bai shafi amfanin ƙasa ba. Don haka, yadda daji yake nuna matsalar:
- idan tsire-tsire yana da rauni da siraran sirara, ganyayen ƙananan ne, wannan yana nunawa rashin phosphorus;
- bayyanar ganye rawaya tare da jijiyoyin kore suna nuna karancin ƙarfe;
- ganye ba su da talauci, suna rawaya fara daga tsakiya - ƙara magnesium zuwa ƙasa;
- shrub din yana kama da konewa, ya zama ruwan kasa - dan kadan potassium. A wannan yanayin, shukar ba zata iya rayuwa lokacin sanyi ba;
- ,aramin, ganyen rawaya yana nuna ƙarancin nitrogen... A lokaci guda, tsire-tsire ba sa yin girma ko yin shi a hankali, suna kama da faɗuwa;
- launi ganye yana da duhu sosai, harbewa da sauri - nitrogen da yawa. Wannan yana haifar da saurin zubar da berries, raguwar yawan amfanin ƙasa.
Ana buƙatar takin mai magani don raspberries a kowace shekara, kowane yanayi (ban da hunturu) - kawai a ƙarƙashin irin waɗannan yanayi za ku iya samun wadataccen girbi na manyan 'ya'yan itace. Idan kasar gona a kan yankin rasberi tana da yumbu, ya kamata a yi amfani da takin zamani sau daya da rabi. Idan ƙasa ta cika da yashi, ana buƙatar suturar sama sau da yawa.
Yadda ake takin bazara kafin a sami 'ya'yan itace?
Kafin ciyarwar bazara, yana da mahimmanci a shirya bushes. Da farko, yanke ƙananan harbe. Ja da ciyawar da hannu, a hankali ya sassauta saman 10 cm na ƙasa. Wannan ya kamata a yi don kada ya cutar da asalinsu.
Don samun dalilin tsammanin girbi mai yalwa, ana buƙatar hadi ma'adinai a cikin bazara. Abin da takin mai magani don amfani a cikin fall karkashin raspberries:
- superphosphate - wannan takin yana dauke da adadin abubuwa masu amfani ga tsirrai: sulfur, potassium, magnesium da sauransu. Wannan hadi yana haifar da karuwa a yawan amfanin gona na raspberries, hanzarta ci gaba, ƙaruwa ga juriya da cututtuka daban-daban;
- gishirin potassium - abu mai gina jiki. Kyakkyawan madadin wannan taki zai zama toka ta al'ada, wanda, a tsakanin sauran fa'idodin, ba ya ƙunshe da sinadarin chlorine, wanda ke da mummunan tasiri a kan raspberries. Shawara don amfani da bushe ko diluted;
- takin mai magani nitrogen... Urea da ammonium nitrate.
Takin raspberries tare da ma'adanai ya fi kyau a cikin rikitarwa. Ana samun sakamako mafi kyau yayin amfani da cakuda 60 g na superphosphate, 30 g na ammonium sulfur da 40 g na itacen toka. Mix dukkan wannan a cikin bokitin ruwa. Aiwatar zuwa ƙasa a cikin matakai biyu, kuma kuyi ciyarwa na biyu a farkon watan bazara.
Ya kamata a tuna cewa ba kowace ƙasa zata amfana da kowane irin takin ba. Saboda haka, yana da kyau ayi bincike game da yanayin agrochemical na ƙasar kafin yin sa. Kuma kawai bisa ga sakamakon sa, yanke shawara game da gabatarwar takamaiman nau'in takin mai magani.
A lokacin lokacin saitin 'ya'yan itace, ana bada shawara a cika layuka na raspberries tare da humus tare da takin gargajiya. Dole ne a sanya kwayoyin da urea kowace shekara, yayin taki tare da phosphorus da potassium - duk bayan shekaru uku.
Yadda za a ciyar da remontant raspberries a watan Agusta?
Yadda ake ciyar da raspberries a watan Agusta, musamman bayan 'ya'yan itace? A lokacin rani, ana buƙatar aƙalla aikace-aikacen takin zamani yayin lokacin girmar na berries. Yawancin lambu suna ba da shawarar yin ƙarin ƙarin hadi na daji - a watan Yuni.
Ya kamata a dasa shuki tare da nitrogen, potassium ko phosphorus. Bugu da kari, ana fesa dazuzzuka da ruwan magnesium sulfate da boric acid. Bai kamata ayi hakan a yanayin rana ba, amma bashi da ma'ana a yayyafa shi kafin ruwan sama.
Bayan girbin Yuli na raspberries, an ba da shawarar a sake yin takin zamani da takin mai magani iri ɗaya.
Idan ana so, zaku iya maye gurbinsu da tokar itacen da aka zuba. Don yin wannan, an zuba ash 500 na ml akan lita 10 na ruwan zafi. Fertilizing tare da nitrogen a wannan lokacin ba shi da daraja - wannan zai rage ƙarfin sanyi na shrub.
Taki don raspberries a watan Satumba
Yadda ake ciyar da bishiyoyin remontant a kaka bayan pruning? Yana da matukar mahimmanci a ciyar da shukar gabaɗaya a cikin kaka, tunda a lokacin girma da frua fruan itace, ya kashe adadi mai yawa na gina jiki. Rashin waɗannan abubuwan suna haifar da raguwar haɓakawa da ragin ƙasa a cikin shekara mai zuwa. Yi wanka sosai kuma a sassauta kafin a ƙara.
A lokacin bazara, ya kamata a gabatar da kwayoyin halitta - yana dauke da abubuwan alamomin da ake bukata. Shrub ɗin yana sauƙaƙa irin waɗannan takin mai magani, don haka zai haɗu da bazara mai lafiya da cikakke. Ana amfani da takin mai zuwa sau da yawa a cikin kaka:
- rubabben taki... Yana ba da ƙarfi ga shuke-shuken lokacin haɓaka mai ƙarfi a cikin bazara. A cikin yanayin sanyi, zai taimaka dumi da kuma kiyaye tushen m. Yi amfani da taki 6 na taki a kowace murabba'i na ƙasa;
- rubabben takin... Bai zama wata hanya mafi ƙarancin inganci a cikin taki ba. Baya ga jikewa da abubuwa masu mahimmanci, yana lalata ƙasa. Kyakkyawan bayani shine amfani da ganye, ganye, sharar kayan lambu;
- peat. Ananan saturates ƙasa, amma darajarta ta kasance a wani wuri - yana inganta tsarin ƙasa;
- tsuntsayen (kaza) Yi amfani da maganin ruwa, koda zubawa akan yankin rasberi.
Yana da matukar mahimmanci a fara sarrafa raspberries a watan Satumba kuma daidai ayi lissafin adadin hadi. Abun ya dogara da bayyanar shuka da ƙimar amfanin gona. Idan harbin sun yi kauri, tsayin harbe-harben ya kai mita biyu, yayin da aƙalla aka tattara kilogiram 1.5 daga daji, ya kamata a ciyar da su cikin yanayin da aka tsara. Idan harbe sun kasance sirara, sun yi talauci kuma girbi bai isa ba - ana ba da shawarar ƙara yawan takin da ake amfani da shi.
Ba wa raspberries yawan adadin abubuwan gina jiki a kaka da bazara, ku duka kuna iya haɓaka ƙwarin daji da inganta ƙarancin amfanin gona. Yana da mahimmanci a bi ƙa'idodin lokacin ƙarshe kuma a ciyar da kan lokaci.
Shin nitrogen ya zama dole a kaka?
Nitrogen yana motsa girman tsire-tsire a cikin dogon lokaci, wanda ke tsangwama da maturation na harbe kuma yana rage ƙwarin sanyi na shrub ɗin sosai. Sabili da haka, an yi imanin cewa har ma a ƙarshen bazara, bai kamata ku takin raspberries da nitrogen ba. Wannan magana ce.
Girma daga tushe yana farawa a watan Agusta. Nitrogen shine babban sashi a cikin wannan aikin. Sabili da haka, bai kamata a yi amfani da nitrogen a lokacin kaka ba. A ƙarshen bazara - watakila, amma sau da yawa shuka tana buƙatar ƙaramin takin da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin bazara a farkon Yuni.
Yawancin tsire-tsire suna iya amfani da nitrogen da aka ajiye a baya a cikin ganye don ci gaban tushen.
Ana shirya don hunturu
Shiri na bushes don hunturu ya kamata a fara kafin farkon mummunan yanayin zafi. Raspberries overwinter a cikin jihar da aka matse a ƙasa. Koyaya, kafin lankwasa shrub ɗin ƙasa, lallai ne a shirya harbe-harbe.
Pruning raspberries ya haɗa da cire tsofaffin, matattu da siraran samari. A sakamakon haka, sabin katako ne kawai ya rage, wanda aka yanke shi a cikin sama ta hanyar 15-20 cm Nesa na 60 cm ya rage tsakanin dazuzzuka. Idan harbe suka toho a tsakanin su, cire.
Bar ganye daga harbe an cire a hankali don kada ya lalata buds. Idan aka bar ganyen, zasu yi damshi, zasu rube, zasu iya kone burodi. Bayan tsabtacewa, an tanƙwara dazuzzuka, ana kullawa da kayan abinci na waya. Ana sanya bishiyoyin kusa da ƙasa yadda ya kamata don a lokacin hunturu daji mai rasberi ya cika da dusar ƙanƙara.
Bayan dusar ƙanƙara ta faɗi, ba za ku iya mantawa da gandun daji ba - idan babu wadatar dusar ƙanƙara, kuna buƙatar ƙarawa zuwa cikin daji... Sakamakon ɓawon burodi ya faɗi don raspberries su numfasa.
Mazauna yankuna na arewa ya kamata su ƙara rufe bushes da ciyawa a cikin kaka.
Idan anyi komai daidai lokacin faduwa, itacen rasberi zai tashi cikin ɗaukakarsa a lokacin bazara. Idan wasu harbe-harbe sun mutu, dole ne a cire su don kada su yada cuta.
Takin takin mai magani - karin kwari
Ya kamata a yi amfani da takin gargajiya a hankali, tun da ciyarwa na iya haɓaka furannin shukar da lalata rasberi.
Sabili da haka, bai kamata a yi amfani da nitrogen a cikin adadi mai yawa ba, kamar yadda raspberries za su yi ta girma koyaushe kuma ba za su “yi barci” a lokacin sanyi ba.
Taki mai dauke da sinadarin potassium, wanda ke dauke da sinadarin chlorine, na da illa. A lokacin faduwar, shrubs, wanda a karkashinsa aka yi amfani da irin wannan takin mai magani, ya bunkasa chlorosis.
Don haka, kafin fara takin zamani, yana da mahimmanci a gano waɗanne ne za su sami sakamako mai kyau akan shuke-shuke. A lokaci guda, duk abin da ƙasa ta zama, ba za ku iya barin raspberries ba tare da ciyarwa ba. Domin shuka ta bunkasa daidai kuma ta ba da yalwa mai yawa, dole ne ku sami "tsakiyar ƙasa".