Zomaye dabbobi ne masu saukin kamuwa da cututtuka daban-daban. Kiwo da su ba abu ne mai sauƙi ba, saboda yana iya zama alama ga masu kiwon zomo, saboda sau da yawa waɗannan dabbobin suna fuskantar irin wannan cutar mai haɗari kamar coccidiosis. Domin kare zuriyarka daga mutuwa, yana da mahimmanci ka san yadda cutar ta bayyana.
Sanin alamun, ya riga ya yiwu a matakin farko don aiwatar da maganin da ya dace. Don haka menene coccidiosis a cikin zomaye? Yaya za a magance shi? Bari muyi nazari sosai kan alamomi da ka'idojin maganin coccidiosis a zomaye.
Coccidiosis a cikin zomaye
Coccidiosis cuta ce da unicellular parasite coccidia ke haifarwa. Suna da lahani a hanta da hanjin dabba. Matasan zomaye masu shekaru uku da watanni 3-4 sun fi kamuwa da wannan cuta. Amma har yanzu, manya basu da kariya daga wannan kamuwa da cutar.
Masana sun faɗi haka parasites na wannan cutar suna nan a jikin zomo daga kwanakin farko na haihuwarsa, kamar yadda aka haifi mutum da tsutsotsi da sauran helminth. Kasancewar coccidia a jikin dabba baya haifar da wani haɗari, babban abu shine kar a bada izinin kuma kar a samar da yanayi don haifuwarsu ta aiki, ci gaba da bayyanar cutar coccidiosis.
Gabar da abin ya shafa tare da coccidia ba za ta iya yin aiki daidai ba. A sakamakon haka, sashin abincin da aka cinye ba za a narkar da shi ba, duk abubuwan da ke da amfani ba za su shiga cikin jiki ba. A saboda wannan dalili, zomo mara lafiya ya fara rashin nauyi, jiki yana laushi kuma daga karshe ya mutu.
Zomaye suna da saukin kamuwa da cututtuka, wanda ke canza kayan abinci. Wannan yana bayanin al'amuran lokacin da zomo ya kamu da rashin lafiya sakamakon sauyawa daga madarar uwa zuwa gaurayayyen hatsi.
Tushen da abubuwan kamuwa da cuta
Yawancin cysts na coccidial ana samun su a cikin kayan dabbobi masu cutar. Wasu lokuta cututtukan cututtukan cuta suna wucewa ta cikin fece zuwa abubuwan da ke kewaye dasu, abinci, wanda a ƙarshe zai iya haifar da kamuwa da wasu lafiyayyun mutane. Sabili da haka, babban tushen kamuwa da cuta tare da coccidiosis ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin mai tuntuɓar mutum da na baka.
Tushen kamuwa da cuta tare da coccidiosis sun hada da:
- Ta hanyar gaurayawar abinci, ruwa, haka nan ta madara, wanda ya kunshi cikakkun coccidia;
- Kamuwa da cuta ta hanyar kujerun mutanen da suka kamu da cutar;
- Daga sauran dabbobi masu dauke da kwayar cutar;
- Madarar zomo mai jinya wanda ya kamu da cuta;
- Daban-daban rodents, tsuntsaye, kwari;
- Kayan aiki, kayan aikin gona.
Sau da yawa, dabbobi na kamuwa da cutar a waɗancan gonakin inda ma'aikata ke sakaci wajen kula da su kuma ba a kiyaye ƙa'idodin tsafta. Wasu lokuta dabbobin da ke zaune a cikin keɓaɓɓu keji suna cin abincin da ke dauke da coccidia sannan daga baya su kamu da cutar.
Abubuwan da ke taimakawa ci gaban cutar:
- Kiyaye zomaye a cikin keji daya a cikin maƙil;
- Rashin bin ka'idojin keɓewa yayin sayen sabbin mutane;
- Idan ƙwayoyin suna cikin wuri mara kyau, wanda ya ba da damar rodents ko tsuntsaye su shiga cikinsu, ɗauke da ƙwayoyin cuta masu cutar;
- Rashin bin dokokin tsafta da na dabbobi domin kiyaye wadannan dabbobi.
Cutar ba ta yaduwa ta ɗigon ruwa ta iska, annoba ce a cikin yanayi. An bayyana yaduwar sa ta hanyar gaskiyar cewa lokacin da kwayoyin halittu masu kwayar cuta suka shiga cikin kaya, tufafin aiki na ma'aikatan gona, masu ciyarwa, abinci da sauran abubuwa, ana saurin canza su zuwa keji dabbobi.
A sakamakon haka, duk zuriyar da ke rayuwa a cikin waɗannan ƙwayoyin suna ɗauke da cutar. Coccidia yana da tsayayya ga abubuwa masu tayar da hankali, wani lokacin har ma da cututtukan disinfection baya taimakawa cire waɗannan parasites. Abinda kawai yake kashe wadannan kwayoyin cuta shine maganin dakin da ruwan zafi.
Nau'ukan cuta
Dangane da yankin rarraba ƙwayoyin cuta, cutar tana daga cikin nau'ikan masu zuwa:
- Coccidiosis na hanji;
- Ciwan hanta mai kumburin ciki.
Kwayar cututtukan cututtukan iri daban-daban.... Don tsara ainihin magani, kuna buƙatar sanin alamun alamun nau'ikan coccidiosis guda biyu don gano shi a cikin lokaci kuma nan da nan fara magani.
Rabbit coccidosis bayyanar cututtuka
Coccidiosis yana faruwa a cikin mummunan yanayi. Coccidiosis a cikin mummunan tsari yana bayyana kanta a rana ta uku bayan shan kashi.
Amma coccidiosis a cikin wani yanayi mai saurin faruwa yayin da mutum ya riga ya yi rashin lafiya kuma ya warke daga cutar. Wasu lokuta wasu daga cikin cututtukan da ke haifar da cutar sun kasance cikin jiki, amma a lokaci guda ba zai cutar da ƙwayoyin hanta da hanji ba.
Alamun hanji
Coccidiosis na hanji yana dauke da nau'i mai hatsari wanda ke saurin bunkasa. Yana tare da cututtuka masu tsanani.
A lokacin nau'in hanji na cutar, alamun bayyanar sun bayyana:
- Farkon canzawa mai saurin zawo tare da saurin tafiya da maƙarƙashiya;
- Falon dabbobi yana dauke da kumburin jini da jini;
- Increaseara ƙaruwa cikin zafin jiki. Jikin dabbar yana da zafi sosai da za'a taɓa shi;
- Wani lokaci zaka lura da kumburin ciki;
- Appetarancin abinci ko rashin cin abinci kwata-kwata;
- Ci gaban jikin dabba sannu a hankali, da cikakken tsayawa;
- Fitar ruwa daga idanuwa, hanci;
- Ulu ya zama mara kyau, yana da kyau, ba shi da haske;
- Ciki ya zama mai fara'a da saggy.
Zomo yana da tsananin ciwon jiki kafin ya mutu.... Dabbar na iya fada a bayanta, yayin da zai jefa kansa a kai kuma yana yin saurin tafiya tare da kafa. Idan ba a ɗauki matakan da suka dace a kan lokaci ba kuma ba a ba da maganin da ya dace ba, mutum na iya mutuwa bayan makonni 2.
Don gano daidai cewa mutumin da ya mutu ya sha wahala daga coccidiosis, ana yin autopsy. Tare da coccidiosis, yawancin launuka masu yawa ko nodules suna kan hanta da hanji.
Kwayar cututtukan cututtukan hanta (idan akwai farar fata a hanta)
Ya bambanta da coccidiosis na hanji, alamun bayyanar cututtukan hanta ba su bayyana sosai kuma ba mai saurin ba. Yana daɗewa sosai, daga kwanaki 30 zuwa kwana 59.
A cikin yanayin hanta, dabbar tana da alamomi kamar a cikin coccidiosis na hanji, kawai ana sanya launin rawaya na ƙwayar mucous membrane na idanu, kuma fararen fata suna bayyana a hanta.
Sakamakon da ya dace a gaban yanayin hanta ya fi na hanji yawa. Amma sau da yawa wannan cuta ta zama ta kullum. A sakamakon haka, mutumin da ya kamu da cutar ya zama mai hadari ga sauran zomaye, don haka ya kamata a ajiye shi a wani wurin daban. Mutumin da ya kamu da cutar na iya mutuwa ko kuma, akasin haka, ya murmure bayan 'yan watanni.
A cikin zomaye, duka siffofin coccidiosis galibi suna faruwa lokaci guda. A sakamakon haka, mutuwa tana faruwa.
Ta yaya za a iya kula da dabbobi marasa lafiya?
Ta yaya kuma yaya za'a magance coccidiosis a cikin zomaye? Coccidiosis yana da kyau tare da kwayoyi. Ana sayar da magunguna don wannan cuta a cikin shagunan sayar da magani na dabbobi da yawa. Ana amfani dasu don magani da rigakafi.
Yayin amfani da magunguna, ana saka mutanen da suka kamu da cutar a cikin keji daban. Kejin, wanda ke dauke da dabbobi marasa lafiya, an kashe kwayoyin cutar kuma ana shakar su da iska mai zafi. Idan aka fara magani daga kwanakin farko na fara cutar, to damar samun sauki zata fi yawa.... Tare da magani na lokaci, ƙimar rayuwa shine 75-80%.
Yaya za a ba da magani (yadda za a tsarma kuma a wane sashi)?
Coccidiosis a cikin zomaye ana bi da su tare da magunguna masu zuwa:
- Vetom;
- Baycox;
- Sulfadimetatoxin;
- Sulfapyridazine;
- Phthalazole;
- Furazolidone;
- Solicox.
Dokokin amfani da kwayoyi:
- Sulfadimetatoxin, Sulfapyridazine. Ana ba da magani da ruwa. Ana saka shi cikin ruwan sha. A ranar farko, ana ba da gram 0.2 na maganin a kilogram 1 na nauyin dabbar, a cikin kwanaki 4 masu zuwa na magani, ana ba da gram 0.1 na kilogiram 1 na nauyin dabbar. Bayan haka, kuna buƙatar hutawa don kwanaki 5 sannan kuma sake maimaita magani;
- Phthalazol. Don haɓaka sakamako, wannan magani mafi kyau ana amfani dashi tare da Norsulfazole. Ana ba mutumin da abin ya shafa gram 0.3 na Norsulfazole da 0.1 na Phthalazole a kilogram 1 na nauyin zomo. Hanyar magani tare da waɗannan magungunan ya zama kusan kwanaki 5. Bayan haka, kuna buƙatar hutawa don kwanaki 5 kuma an sake maimaita magani;
- Furazolidone... A lokacin coccidiosis, ana ba zomo da abin ya shafa kowace rana 30 MG na miyagun ƙwayoyi a kowace kilogram 1 na nauyin jikin mutum. Hanyar magani mako guda ne;
- Baycox... Wannan magani ana ɗaukarsa mafi inganci wajen magance coccidiosis. Koyaushe yana da sakamako mai kyau kuma a mafi yawan lokuta yakan taimaka wajan warkar da wannan mummunan cutar. Yawancin gogaggun masu kiwon zomo suna da'awar cewa har ma matakan ci gaba na coccidiosis za a iya warke tare da wannan magani. Umarnin wannan kayan aikin yana nuna hanyoyin aikace-aikace da yawa. Kuna iya yin allurar cubes 2 na shirye-shiryen mutumin da ya kamu da cutar sannan ku zuba maganin a cikin mai sha a ƙimar 0.2 ml a kilogram 1 na nauyin dabba. Wani lokaci magani yana narkewa da ruwa kuma, bisa ga umarnin, ana bayar dashi ga dabba mai cutar a sashi na 10 ml sau ɗaya a rana. Ainihin aikace-aikacen za a iya bayyana a kantin dabbobi ko karanta umarnin don amfani dalla-dalla;
- Levomycetin da Sulfadimezin... Wani lokaci, tare da coccidiosis, ana iya ba dabba maganin chloramphenicol, ana ba da wannan magani a cikin sashi na gram 40, ko kuma ana ba da maganin Sulfadimezin a cikin kwayar 150 mg.
Ana iya samun dokoki don amfani da wasu ƙwayoyi don coccidiosis a cikin zomaye a cikin umarnin don su. Yawancin lokaci, umarnin suna bayyana dalla-dalla halaye da dokoki don shan magani.
Ka tuna, koda zomo ya tsira daga coccidiosis, dole ne a aika shi zuwa yanka. Dabbar da aka dawo da ita ba za ta dace da ci gaba da haifuwa ba.
Jiyya tare da maganin gargajiya (iodine)
Yawancin gogaggun masu ba da zomo suna jayayya cewa maganin coccidosis a cikin zomaye mai yiwuwa ne tare da magungunan mutane, alal misali, tare da taimakon iodine. Yana dakatar da ci gaban aiki na coccidia kuma yana haifar da sanya shafar waɗannan abubuwa waɗanda suka kasance marasa aiki ta hanyar ciki.
Dokoki don maganin coccidiosis tare da iodine don zomaye:
- A ranar 25th na ciki, ana shayar da mata tare da maganin 0.01% na iodine a cikin sashi na 100 ml kowace rana;
- A rana ta 5 bayan bayyanar kwiyakwatan, dole ne a cire iodine daga abincin, a rana ta 5 aka sake dawowa;
- Yakamata a ba da odin ga mutane na tsawon kwanaki 15.... Kowace rana kana buƙatar ba da 0.02% iodine a cikin sashi na 200 ml. A sakamakon haka, ba wai kawai zomo yana da kariya daga kamuwa da cuta ba, har ma matasa da kansu, saboda suna karbar iodine tare da madarar uwa;
- Tabbatar cewa nan da nan bayan hazo na zomaye daga zomo kana bukatar ka sha wani kashi na 0.01% na aidin. Kowace rana, ya kamata a ba wa ɗayan mutum 50 ml na iodine;
- Bayan kwanaki 10, dole ne a cire maganin iodine daga abincin;
- Game da bayan kwanaki 5, kuna buƙatar shayar da dabbobi da maganin iodine kuma... Suna shan 0.02% na aidin a sashi na 100 ml. Hanyar magani ya kamata kwanaki 15.
Karka taba narke maganin iodine a cikin akwatin karfe. Iodine, lokacin da yake hulɗa tare da ƙarfe, gabaɗaya ya rasa duk abubuwan sa.
Rigakafin cututtuka
Tabbas, amfani da kwayoyi da iodine gwargwado ne na maganin coccidiosis, amma bai kamata mutum ya manta da rigakafin ba. Domin wani lokacin kiyaye matakan kariya na iya hana mummunan sakamako ga dukkan zomo zuriya.
Ka tuna da dokoki masu zuwa don rigakafin coccidiosis a cikin zomaye:
- Ya kamata a tsabtace keji na Zomo a kai a kai. Ya kamata a koyaushe a tsaftace su ba tare da shara da tarkacen abinci ba;
- Yana da mahimmanci a tsarkake masu sha a kowace rana kuma canza ruwa a cikin su sau da yawa yadda ya kamata;
- Ya kamata masu ciyarwa su kasance da tsabta koyaushe, duk tarkacen abinci daga gare su ya kamata a cire;
- Don toshe hanyar kutsawa cikin sel na dabbobin ta gajiyoyi daban-daban;
- Yana da mahimmanci a ware manya daga dabbobi dabbobi;
- Yakamata a kiyaye dabbobi dabbobi a cikin keɓaɓɓu keji wadanda basu da kawunansu 25;
- Kullum, yana da kyau a yi maganin gidajen zomo a kowace rana ta ruwan zãfi da fitilar ultraviolet;
- Kada ku ciyar da yara tare da bran, legumes, alfalfa da sauran cakuda abinci tare da babban furotin;
- Ba a daɗe da sayan mutanen da ke keɓewa ga wata guda;
- Yana da mahimmanci cewa yayin ciyarwa ya zama dole don tabbatar da cewa ciyawa, ciyawa ko tushen tushe ba su faɗi a saman ƙasa da gurɓataccen najasa ba.
Akwai magani mai kyau wanda ake amfani dashi yayin rigakafin coccidiosis a cikin zomaye - Zoalen. Wannan magani ana ba dabbobi tsawon kwanaki 10. Don kilogram 1 na abinci, ƙara 250 MG na miyagun ƙwayoyi kowace rana. Ana ba da shawarar ciyar da zomaye tare da cakuda abinci na granular na musamman, wanda ya ƙunshi abubuwa masu mahimmanci don rigakafin coccidiosis.
Coccidiosis a cikin zomaye cuta ce mai hatsari wacce ke da wahalar warkewa. Yana da kyau a fara kula da wannan cutar tun daga farkon kwanakin bayyanar ta.
Koyaya, yawancin masu kiwon zomo ba koyaushe zasu iya tantance kasancewar cutar daga kwanakin farko ba, saboda haka ta rikide zuwa mataki mai tsanani.
A mafi yawan lokuta, idan matakin ya ci gaba, dabbar tana mutuwa, koda kuwa an bada magani. Yawancin likitocin dabbobi suna ba da shawara cewa ko da mutane sun rayu bayan coccidiosis, har yanzu ya fi kyau a tura su zuwa yanka. Wannan ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar cewa cutar na iya sake bayyana bayan 'yan watanni. Amma yana yiwuwa a ci naman zomo mara lafiya tare da coccidia? Likitocin dabbobi a wannan harka basu yarda ba. A kowane hali, yana da kyau kada ku yi haɗari da shi.
Ana ba da shawarar kona mushe waɗanda suka mutu bayan kamuwa da cuta saboda kamuwa da cuta na iya yaɗuwa ga lafiyayyun mutane.
Kuma a ƙarshe, ɗan gajeren bidiyo akan batun: