Rosehip itaciya ce mai yawan shekaru, wanda ke cikin iyalin Rosaceae. Gandun daji mai ƙayoyi yana girma a gefen gandun daji, farin ciki, a gangaren ramuka, a cikin kwaruruka. Hakanan, wannan daji mai ban sha'awa yana kawata lambun da gidajen rani, tunda keɓaɓɓun 'ya'yan itace sune tushen ma'adanai, bitamin da sauran abubuwan alaƙa waɗanda ke da mahimmanci ga jikin mutum. A cikin wannan labarin, zamuyi la'akari da dasa shuki da kulawa a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa.
Yadda ake shuka lambu ya tashi hip daga tsaba a gida
Ana iya yin shuka daga iri a gida. Zai zama mai yiwuwa a sarrafa dukkan aikin daga farawa zuwa ƙarshe.
Wannan hanyar mai sauki ce kuma ba ta wahala ba; ta sha bamban da sauran hanyoyin ta yadda ake daukar dogon lokaci.
Amincewa da umarnin girma kwankwaso daga tsaba zai ba ku damar shuka irin shuke-shuke waɗanda za su haɗu da kayan kwalliya da kyawawan alamomin 'ya'yan itace.
Umarnin don girma ya tashi kwatangwalo daga tsaba:
- Ya kamata a shirya kayan iri yadda ya kamata, wanda zai taimaka wajen ƙaruwar yawan tsire-tsire. Don yin wannan, a cikin watan Agusta, tattara unripe, fruitsa redan reda slightlyan ja ne kaɗan.
- Kwasfa su ɓangaren litattafan almara, wanke, yayyafa da rigar yashi kuma adana shi a wuri mai sanyi. Wannan zai haifar da yanayi kusa da na halitta don kyakkyawan ci gaban su.
- Shuka a cikin kaka, kamar yadda a lokacin lokacin hunturu tsaba sun fi kyau.
- Shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa buɗe zuwa zurfin 2 cm.
- Ruwa da ciyawa tare da taki da sawdust.
- A cikin bazara, rufe shuka da tsare. Don saurin girma, sanya iska a kai a kai.
- Cire fim ɗin tare da farkon yanayin dumi.
Kuna buƙatar tuna game da bakin ciki, Tunda dole ne tsire-tsire su sami hasken rana da abinci daga ƙasa. Rinjaya bayan tsirrai suna da ganye uku.
Muna shuka ƙwarjin fure tare da tsaba:
Jagora mataki-mataki don shuka tsire a waje
Yaushe za ku iya shuka - a kaka ko bazara?
An dasa bishiyoyi duka a bazara, kafin farkon lokacin girbi, da kaka.... Don dasa shuki, ana amfani da tsire-tsire na shekara guda da shekaru biyu. Matakan shuki sun haɗa da:
Dayyade wurin saukarwa
Lokacin zabar wuri, yakamata mutum yayi la'akari ba wai kawai kwalliyar kwalliyar lambun ba, amma har da bukatun shuka don ci gabanta da yawan aiki. Don wannan dasa bishiyoyi a cikin wuri mai haske da ƙasa mai ni'ima.
Amasa da ƙasa mai ƙarancin acid suna ɗauka ƙasa mai kyau a gare ta. Ba a ba da shawarar dasa shuki a cikin dausayi inda ruwan ƙasa ke kusa.
Shirya ƙasa kafin a dasa daji
Babban abubuwan da ake buƙata don ƙasa ana ɗaukar su a matsayin cikakke na cire ciyawa da taruwar abubuwan gina jiki. Needsasa a cikin yankin da aka zaɓa yana buƙatar haƙa ta 20 cm.
Sannan a haƙa ramuka don dasa, faɗi da tsayinsa ya zama rabin mita. A ƙasan damuwar, yi ƙaramin tudu na ƙasa mai ni'ima.
Yadda ake shuka shuke-shuken shuke-shuke da kyau
Don daji ya sami tushe sosai, kuna buƙatar yanke tushen sa da 'yan santimita, yayin da yake da tsawo, ya kamata ya zama aƙalla cm 25. nutsad da tsire-tsire a cikin mash na peat da taki... Ruwa ramuka na shuka da kyau.
Sannan a sauke shukokin, a yada tushen sai a hankali a yayyafa da ƙasa don kada ɓoyayyun su kasance. Sa'an nan kuma tamp a ƙasa a kusa da matasa daji, ruwa da ciyawa da peat.
Yana da muhimmanci a tazara tsakanin dazuka ya bambanta daga 60 zuwa 120 cm.
Yadda za a kula da tsire-tsire mai ƙaya - ƙa'idodi na asali
Tsarin kulawa da kyau ya taimaka don haɓaka yawan amfanin ƙasa, haɓaka dandano da hanzarta nunan fruita fruitan itace. Sabili da haka, dole ne a aiwatar da matakan da suka wajaba kowace shekara ba tare da gazawa ba.
Mafi kyau duka watering
Rosehip na jure fari sosai, sabili da haka, baya buƙatar shayarwa akai-akai. Banda shine zafi, yanayin bushe.
A wannan yanayin, ya zama dole a shayar da tsire ta amfani da bokiti uku na ruwa don ƙananan bishiyoyi, da biyar don 'ya'yan itace.
Ainihin, a duk tsawon lokacin, yakamata a aiwatar da aikin sau huɗu.
Loosasa tana kwance
Kulawar da ta dace ta ƙunshi lokaci-lokaci kasar gona loosening.
Dalilin wannan taron shine inganta da dawo da tsarin ƙasa, da kaddarorinta, tarawa da kiyaye danshi a cikin ƙasa da kuma samar da iskar oxygen ga tushen shuke-shuke.
Hakanan ya kamata ku riƙa sako-sako koyaushe, kuna lalata duk ciyawar da ta yi girma kusa da daji.
Bush siffata - pruning
Rosehip pruning yana da mahimmanci duka don dalilai na ado da kuma 'ya'yan itacen daji. Hanyar farko ya kamata a yi nan da nan bayan dasa shuki, yanke dukkan rassa, ba barin budurwa sama da uku ba.
Gudanar da pruning na gaba bayan shekaru biyu, ta hanyar cire raunana, karye kuma akan rassan ƙasa. Ya kamata a yanke rassan lafiya da iko a tsawan 20 cm.
Tsunkule saman don motsa ci gaban reshe na gefe da furannin fure, a cikin harbe-harben da aka kafa a kan kututture 75 cm babba.
Bayan shekaru uku, al'adun Berry za su fara ba da 'ya'yan itatuwa... A wannan zamanin, ya kamata bishiyoyi su sami iko goma sha biyar a dai-dai gwargwado da rassa masu ƙarancin shekaru, tun da yake wannan al'adar ta Berry tana da daɗin haske, kuma kasancewar rassa da yawa yana da wuya a sa furannin fure.
Samuwar daji na gaba zai kunshi kawar da fashe, bushe, rassan cuta, raunin harbewa da cire rassa waɗanda shekarunsu suka wuce biyar.
A gudanar da pruning a lokacin kaka, ko kuma a bazara har sai budurwan sun bude.
Rosehip pruning:
Top dressing tare da abubuwan gina jiki masu dacewa da abubuwan alamomi
Don kyakkyawan ci gaban duwawun fure, ya zama dole a samar mata da dukkan abubuwan gina jiki cikin wadataccen girma. A saboda wannan dalili, ana ƙara takin mai magani ta hanyar amfani da kayan ƙwayoyi da na ma'adinai.
Daga shekara ta biyu bayan dasa shuki, yi amfani da takin nitrogen, kuma bayan shekaru uku takin takin ko humus.
Ana amfani da tushen abinci sau huɗu a shekara: kafin da bayan furanni, a farkon fara da bayan girbi.
Hanyoyin kariya daga cututtuka da kwari
Kwari da yawa sun afkawa gonakin Rosehipda ke lalata abubuwan da ke sama da na karkashin kasa. Ire-iren wadannan kwari sun hada da ciyawar, kyanwa mai tsire-tsire, miyar gizo-gizo, tashi da tashi tashi.
Cututtuka na gama gari na kwankwasopowdery mildew, tsatsa, farare da baƙin tabo suna haifar da babbar illa ga shuke-shuke.
Sabili da haka, don al'adun Berry ba su kasance cibiyar tarin kwari da cututtuka ba, ya zama dole a aiwatar da hanyoyin kariya cikin lokaci.
Yanke busassun rassan da cuta a cikin bazara da kaka, cire ganyen da suka fadi, kona shi, saboda naman kaza zai iya mamayewa a karkashinsa, haka nan kuma tono dawarorin bishiyar-bishiya.
Duba kullun a kai a kai kuma, idan an gano matsala, ƙayyade nau'in cuta kuma a bi da hanyoyin da aka gwada na musamman masu dacewa.
Don rigakafin aiwatar da daji kafin fara shirye-shiryen da ake buƙata, don kauce wa cututtukan da ke cikin wannan shuka.
Ana shirya don hunturu
Rosehip yana dauke da tsire mai karfi da kuma hunturu.... Yawancin ire-irenta basa buƙatar tsari don hunturu.
Banda na iya zama samari na samari na nau'ikan kwalliya, masu saurin yanayin zafi, wanda ke buƙatar kariya mai aminci.
Sabili da haka, rufe da'irar gandun daji tare da tabarbare kuma rufe da ciyawa. Nada daji kanta da burlap ko wani abu mai sanya zafi. Kafin hunturu, yakamata a ciyar da tsire-tsire, a yanka kuma 'ya'yan itatuwa cikakke waɗanda aka tattara.
Yarda da duk ka'idoji don kula da albarkatun berry zai ba ku damar samun wadataccen girbi na warkarwa, kuma mafi mahimmanci, 'ya'yan itacen da ke da mahalli.
Hanyoyin kiwo, kulawa
Yadda za a yada fure kwatangwalo? Baya ga tsaba, don dasa shuki kwatangwalo kuma amfani da cuttings da layering.
Propagated by kore cuttings - da cuttings
Hankali ya narkar da kayan gona da nau'ikan warwar kwatangwalo - kore cuttings, wanda ya kamata a shirya a farkon Yuli. A wannan lokacin, ƙarfin girman harbi yana raguwa.
Don yin wannan, a hankali ku yanke harbe kuma ku raba su cikin yanki, ta yadda kowane ɗayansu yana da ƙwaƙƙwaran ci gaban lafiya uku. Ganyen da ke kasan ya kamata a cire, sauran kuma a rage su rabi.
Yi yanki a saman yankan kai tsaye, a tazarar 1 cm daga kumburin, kuma yanke itacen a kusurwa na digiri 45 a ƙasan.
Bi da cuttings don kyakkyawan tushen samuwar da ci gaba tare da abubuwan da aka haɓaka masu haɓaka na musamman. Sa'annan ku dasa kayan shuki a cikin kayan kwatancen baya na peat da yashi.
Tsarin samuwar tushe yana daukar makonni hudu... Da farko, kula - kiyaye tsarin shayarwa da hana kasar gona bushewa.
Shuka ta hanyar yin layi
Yawancin lambu sun fi son wannan hanya. haifuwa Wannan aikin yafi kyau daga tsakiyar bazara zuwa ƙarshen bazara. Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar ƙayyade tsire-tsire masu fa'ida da raba matakan samari, tsayinsa yakai 30 cm.
Sannan a dasa domin yin rooting. Hakanan baza ku iya raba ba, amma lanƙwasa shi cikin zurfin zurfin 10 cm, fil shi kuma cika shi da ƙasa mai ni'ima. Ruwa a kai a kai, spud don kauce wa bayyanar tushen tushe.
A kaka na gaba, raba matashiyar daga mahaifar daji kuma yanke ɓangaren iska a tsayin cm 15. A cikin bazara, tono shi kuma tuni za a iya dasa shi a wuri na dindindin.
Amfani da yaduwa ta hanyar lakabtawa shine cikakkiyar canja wurin nau'ikan fa'idodi masu amfani na uwar shuke-shuke.
Tsara tsararren tsari da dacewa, kulawa mai kyau zai bada izinin don shuka koren shinge daga shukokin fure.
Wanne ba kawai zai ba da salo na musamman ga shafin ba, ya kare shi daga baƙi da ba a gayyata ba, amma kuma ya zama mai sayar da bitamin da ba za a iya maye gurbinsa ga dukkan dangi ba.