Yana da wuya ka sadu da mutumin da ba ya son cin naman alade. Amma idan ya zo ga manyan-itedaitedan itace, masu kamshi, shuke-shuke marasa ƙaya, sa'annan duk masu aikin lambu suna mafarkin samun irin wannan shuka, kuma babu wanda zai ƙi berriesa berriesan itace mai zaki don kayan zaki.
DA wannan nau'ikan, wanda ke da waɗannan halaye, ana kiran sa Maroseyka.
Bayani na rasberi iri-iri Maroseyka
Maroseyka a cikin shekaru 70 na karnin da ya gabata, wanda farfesa V.V. Kichina. Ya kasance a Cibiyar Noma ta Moscow. Wanda ya gabace shi na wannan nau'ikan shine rasberi na ƙasar Scotland.
Maroseyka ya sami halaye masu zuwa:
- juriya ga cuta;
- yanayi mara kyau na shuka;
- kyakkyawan sakamako;
- manyan-'ya'yan itace;
- babban adadin sukari a cikin Berry da ƙanshinta.
A yau akwai wadatattun abubuwan da za'a zaba daga masu son rasberi - iri da yawa sun bayyana a kasuwa, suma sun cancanci kulawa, amma Maroseyka tayi kyau kamar yadda ta kasance shekaru da yawa da suka gabata.
Wannan iri-iri bada shawarar ga mai son lambu., kazalika don faɗaɗa kewayon ƙaramin samarwa. A wannan yanayin, dole ne yanayin ya dace.
A tsakiyar Rasha, Maroseyka ba wadataccen lokacin sanyi-mai tsananin sanyi da juriya na fari (yana da tsarin tushe na sama), saboda haka bai dace da noman masana'antu ba.
Ba shi da ƙayayuwa da manyan-iteda varietyan itace. matsakaiciyar farkon lokacin girki - berries sun dace da amfani a farkon ko tsakiyar watan Yuli. An girbe shi a cikin sau 4-5, 'ya'yan itace sun ƙare a farkon farkon watan Agusta.
Maroseyka shine farkon Rasberi mai ƙarancin ƙaya. 'Ya'yan itacen berry suna da ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano sananne tun yarinta da ƙamshi mai ɗaci.
A al'adance ana amfani da girbi: sabo, daskararre, tafasasshe, busasshe, compotes tafasasshen, an shirya giya.
Shuka tana ba da fruita oncea sau ɗaya a shekara, saboda, sa Maroseyka ba shi da halin ƙyama, amma ana girbe girbi a kilo 4-5 daga kowace shuka. Idan kayi amfani da ciyarwa mai yawa, daji na iya samar da kilogiram 6 na 'ya'yan itace.
Game da jimlar girbi, matsakaicin mai nuna alama shine 150-200 kg ta saƙa, amma saboda ƙarancin ƙarancin hunturu, ya kamata a rufe shi don hunturu. Tana ba da fruita fruita kowace shekara, don yankin Moscow yana da nau'ikan rashi mai fa'ida da fa'ida.
Shuka tana da rassa masu tsaka-tsaka da na matsakaiciya, suna da kauri sosai, a kan harbe-harben suna daga umarni 2 zuwa 4 na reshe. Branchaya reshe na iya ƙunsar 20 berries, kuma wani lokacin ƙari.
Bar ganye ne, curled, warty a gefuna. Manya ne, masu launin kore mai launi, kuma shukar tana kama da daji mai ƙarfi.
Girma iri-iri na Maroseyka a cikin yanayin da yanayin daskarewa ke sauka zuwa 30 ° C a lokacin sanyi, da ƙasa, dole ne a rufe shi don lokacin sanyi... Zaka iya ɗaukar:
- spandbond;
- bambaro;
- rassan spruce;
- ciyawa daga shuke-shuke.
Domin sakamakon ɓoyewa ya sami nasara, suna yin wannan aikin a cikin kwanakin ƙarshe na Satumba. Rassan shuke-shuke a wannan lokacin sun tanƙwara da kyau, a wannan lokacin basu riga sun sami lokacin da zasu zama masu rauni ba.
Aikin tsari:
- An karkatar da rassan a gefe guda, kuma sun lanƙwashe zuwa gindin shukar, an ɗaura saman daji.
- Don tsari, ɗauki kowane kayan da aka lissafa.
Idan ba a yi haka ba a cikin yanayi mai tsananin sanyi, to, ko da rasberin ya rayu lokacin sanyi, yawan amfanin gonar zai ragu.
Fa'idodi da rashin amfani
Yawancin Maroseyka na rasberi har yanzu yana ba da mamaki da kyawawan halaye waɗanda yake da su. Kowane mutum na son manyan-'ya'yan itace, yawan amfanin ƙasa, ƙamshi mai ban sha'awa da ɗanɗanar 'ya'yan itatuwa.
Wannan nau'ikan ba wani nau'i bane mai ban sha'awa, amma wani lokacin yakan bawa lambu mamaki da wannan ingancin - a cikin wasu shekaru a ƙarshen rassan 'ya'yan sun sake bayyana... Wannan inji yana da kyau jure daban-daban cututtuka rasberi.
Rashin dacewar Maroseyka sun hada da gaskiyar cewa 'ya'yan itace, tare da amfani mai tsawo na daji, an mai da su ƙananan girma. Bayani game da wannan lamarin shine rashin daidaiton kwayar halittar wannan nau'ikan.
Wannan matsalar ta wanzu a cikin harka lokacin da tsirrai suka haura shekaru 10... Irin wannan tsari ana kiransa excretion ko maye gurbi.
Duk nau'ikan manyan-'ya'yan itace suna da kwayar L1 ta musamman, wanda ta yanayinta ba shi da ƙarfi. A yadda aka saba a cikin tsire-tsire, kwayar L1 ta fi rinjaye, amma wani lokacin na iya zama mai rauni.
A cikin lambun mai son, wannan sabon abu yana da wuya. Don haka waɗanda suke son samun nau'ikan Maroseyka kada su damu da wannan - komai zai zama daidai.
Halaye na bushes da berries
Rasberi Maroseyka kyakkyawa ce, matsakaiciya, mai yalwar daji, Wanda kaifin harbe yake da kariya ta kakin zuma, wanda ke kiyaye shi daga fungi iri-iri, fari, sanyi. Tana da tsawo daga 1.5 zuwa 1.8 m.
Dazuzzuka sun ƙunshi rassa masu ƙarfi da harbe-harbe na maye gurbinsu, da kuma girma. saboda haka yada wannan iri-iri ba zai zama da wahala ko kadan ba.
Ana yin wannan ta hanyar rarraba daji. Harbe-harbe na shekara suna da ƙarfi kuma suna na roba, suna da ɗakuna masu tsawon 3-5 cm.
Kowane daji yana girma kusan harbe-harbe biyar da harbe goma na asalin harbe. Amma duk da haka wannan nau'ikan baya cinye sabbin yankuna don kansa.
Berries a kan bishiyar shuke-shuke Maroseyka:
- auna gram 4-12;
- mai siffar mazugi, launi mai launi ja, akwai fure mai ɗan fari a kansu, kuma ana haɗa su biyu;
- ɓangaren litattafan almara yana da daɗi, tare da ɗan bayanin kula mai tsami tare da seedsan tsaba;
- ƙanshi - furta;
- lokacin da suka nuna, sukan manne ga shuke-shuke kuma basa fasawa;
- idan cikakke, sun rabu da fruita fruitan.
- yawancin yana da cewa babu matsaloli yayin jigilar kaya.
Wannan nau'in yana da 'ya'ya tsawon shekaru 10-15, amma tarihi ya san shari'ar cewa bayan shekaru 20, shukar ta ci gaba da ba mutane girbi.
Wannan daji ya girma a wuri mai hasken rana, a cikin wani wuri mai dadi na wurin, inda akwai kariya daga iska, ana ciyar da shi da takin mai magani.
Fasali na shuka, girma da kulawa
Wannan iri-iri na raspberries, ko da yake mai daukar hoto, amma kuma yana jurewa inuwa da kyau... Duk da haka, idan za ta yiwu, zaɓi wuri mai haske don samari na samari, ya kamata ku yi haka. Forasar da za a shuka ta dole ne ta kasance mai ni'ima.
Dasa Maroseyka ana yin sahu ne, sannan ana amfani da tying a nesa na cm 120 daga ƙasa.Don wannan, an ɗora tallafi tare da waya mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi.
Tun da daji yana ba da harbewa, dole ne a cire abin da ya wuce gona da iri don shukar ta ba da ƙarin juices zuwa samuwar amfanin gona.
Don yin 'ya'yan itace mafi aiki, takin nitrogen-ma'adinai, da kuma kwayoyin halitta, ana sanya su a cikin ramuka kafin dasa shuki.
Lokacin da lokacin fure da fara sabon amfanin gona, ana amfani da takin gargajiya NPK... Lura da kasancewar isassun abubuwa alamun, musamman ma sanadarin potassium.
Masu ba da sha'awa a lambu suna bukatar sanin hakan 'Ya'yan' ya'yan itace zasu kasance ne kawai a kakar wasa mai zuwa.
Bayan dasa, da rasberi iri-iri Maroseyka yana buƙatar kulawa mai kyau... Ya ƙunshi dabaru masu rikitarwa na agronomic waɗanda ke taimakawa tsire-tsire don jin daɗi, kuma bayan haka tabbas za ta gode wa mai shi tare da wadataccen girbi na 'ya'yan itace masu daɗi da lafiya.
Wajibi ne a bi wasu shawarwari don kulawa, ta yadda Maroseyka zai ba da girbi cikakke:
- Bayan dasa shuki, kuna buƙatar lokaci-lokaci sassauta ƙasa da sako da weeds.
- Ana aiwatar da ruwa cikin isasshen yawa kuma akan lokaci.
- Ana yin tsire-tsire a cikin bazara don cire rassan masu rauni da daskararre, kuma a lokacin bazara, an shirya bushes don hunturu. A cikin kaka, an yanke su ba daɗewa ba fiye da rabin wata kafin sanyi. Sannan kuma an cire rassan samari da rauni.
- Don hana babban tsire-tsire, an yanke wani ɓangare na harbe, yana barin kawai guda 6-8.
- Kamar yadda muka lura, ana yin suturar saman akan lokaci tare da takin mai dacewa.
- Idan ya cancanta, ana kiyaye tsire-tsire daga tsananin sanyi ta rufe su.
Idan akwai sha'awar ƙarfafa reshe, tsunkule matasa harbe a tsawo na kimanin mita... Wannan dabarar tana haifar da sabbin rassa na gefe don samarwa. Shuka ta zama mai ƙarfi da fa'ida.
Cututtuka da kwari
Rasberi iri-iri Maroseyka halin ƙara ƙarfin jure cututtuka da kwari.
Shi, kamar sauran mafi kyawun iri, yana bada fruita evena koda kuwa akwai cuta akan rassan ko ganyen, wannan baya shafar yawan amfanin gona.
A yau, zaɓin kyawawan nau'ikan 'ya'yan itace suna wakiltar nau'ikan da yawa, amma Maroseyka tana da irin wannan ɗanɗano da ƙanshin' ya'yan itacen da 'yan lambu ke ƙaunarta sosai, kuma ba ta tsoron gasa.
Idan ka kula da ita a koda yaushe, to koyaushe zata faranta maka da girbi na karimci.