Hazel gama gari shrub ne mai yanke yankewa, ya kai tsayin mita 10. Irin wannan shrub yana da kayan magani... Saboda haka, mutane sun kira hazel hazel.
Bayanin hazel na yau da kullun
Ganye na dangin hazel ne. Ganyen Hazel suna da girma, tare da gefen gefuna, ja a lokacin kaka... Haushi na shrub yana da launin ruwan kasa tare da ratsiyoyi masu ratsa jiki. Akwai kaifin tushen jijiya wanda yake girma cikin sauri a cikin kasa.
Bayan dasa shrub, shrub din yana girma a hankali, a hankali yana kara girma. Furewa tana faruwa kafin ganyayyaki su yi fure, a farkon bazara. An kafa 'yan kunne akan bishiyoyi kimanin 5-7 cm, ba su da aure kuma sun tattara abubuwa da yawa tare. 'Ya'yan itacen ɗan goro ne mai kama da ɗaki wanda yake a matashi kore. 'Ya'yan itacen suna nuna ƙarshen ƙarshen bazara. Har zuwa kwayoyi 20 na iya samarwa a cikin kwayar, amma kwayoyi 2-5 sun fi yawa... Shrub ɗin ya fara ba da fruita fruita cikin shekaru 8. Wannan shrub din mai dogon hanta ne, shekarunsa sun kai shekaru 100, yana da tsayayyar sanyi.
Hazel a cikin nutsuwa yana jure inuwa, amma yana bunkasa kuma yana girma sosai a wuraren da aka haskaka.
A cikin yanayi, ana samun hazel a Rasha, Caucasus, da Crimea. Akwai nau'ikan fiye da 10.
- Hazel gama gari
- Itace-kamar
- Babba
- Manchu
- Bambanta
- Kaho
Hazel na itace
Ya sami sunan goro na goro. Itace mai tsayin mita 20, fadada mita 8... Haushi na daji ya yi launin toka-toka kuma ya yanke a cikin faranti. Yana girma sosai a hankali. A lokacin faduwa, ganyayyaki suna rawaya. 'Ya'yan itacen ɓauren icen ya kasu kashi biyu. Shrub din ba shi da kyau, yana jure fari, kuma yana dacewa da kowane yanayi.
Lombard goro
Shrub na babban Hazel (Lombard nut) yana da rassa masu launin toka har tsawon mita 15. Ganyayyaki suna da girma, an shantasu. Da kyau yana jure sanyi. Sau da yawa girma a cikin Balkans.
Hazel na Manchurian
Yana da shrub tare da akwati da yawa, yana da tsawon ganga daga mita 3 zuwa 7... Bawon hazel launin ruwan kasa ne, ganye ya zagaye, kuma yana da launin kore mai duhu. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari ne. Shrub din yana da juriya da inuwa mai sanyi. An samo shi a cikin Primorsky da Khabarovsk
Hazel iri-iri
Mai tsananin shrub har zuwa mita 4 tsawo... Ganyen ya canza launi. Green a lokacin rani, ja a lokacin bazara, rawaya a kaka. Shrub yana son haske, zai iya jure wa inuwa, yana da juriya da sanyi, yana jurewa fari. Yana fara ba da fruita earlya da wuri. Tana girma a cikin Urals, Gabas mai Nisa da Siberia.
Hazel mai ƙaho
Yayi girma zuwa mita 3 a tsayi. Yana da kambi mai daɗi da ganyen rawaya mai ƙyalli... Ya samo sunan ne daga fruita fruitan itacen da yayi kama da ƙaho. Girma a Arewacin Amurka.
A abun da ke ciki da kuma amfanin hazelnut
Hazelnuts, wanda ake kira hazelnuts, su ne suka fi yawa kuma suka fi so daga nau'in goro. Ana daukar ƙanƙan daɗaɗa mai ƙwarin gaske da ɗanɗano, sau da yawa sunfi gina jiki fiye da burodi da kayayyakin kiwo.
Hazelnuts suna da kaddarori masu fa'ida, ƙoshin abinci mai gina jiki da ƙimar kuzari, kuma suna wadatar da bitamin da ma'adinai.
Yawancin 'ya'yan itacen an ƙirƙira shi ne da mai, kashi ɗaya bisa biyar na furotin da amino acid. Kwayoyi sun ƙunshi ma'adanai masu yawa:
- Potassium
- Phosphorus
- Magnesium
- Sodium
- Tagulla
- Ironarfe
Duk abubuwan da aka lissafa na magani da na magani sun cika jiki da kuzari. Man hazelnut na dauke da sinadarin acid wanda zai iya kare zuciya da jijiyoyin jini. Don girma da ci gaban jiki, kwaya na da amfani ga yara, kuma ga tsofaffi don kiyaye ƙarfi da lafiya... Kari akan hakan, gandun dazuzzuka na dauke da sinadaran da zasu iya tsabtace jiki da cire gubobi. Vitamin na hana bayyanar kwayoyin cutar kansa. Don dalilai na magani, 'ya'yan itãcen marmari, ganye, haushi, ana amfani da asalinsu. Hazel magani ne mai laushi wanda ake amfani dashi don gudawa. Shafa daga bawon bishiya na iya zama magani ga jijiyoyin varicose.
Yaduwar amfani da 'ya'yan itaciya a girki... Ana amfani da irin goro a wajen shirya abinci iri-iri kuma ana hada ta da kayan gasa.
Ana amfani da shirye-shiryen Hazel a cikin kayan kwalliya. Ana amfani da mai da ɗanɗano na ganyen goro a kan asarar gashi.
Amma, tare da abubuwa masu amfani, akwai contraindications... Kuna buƙatar cin ƙayyadaddun ƙwayoyi, in ba haka ba zai haifar da ciwon kai da halayen rashin lafiyan ba.
Yin shuka da kula da itace
Tare da madaidaicin dusar ƙanƙara, dole ne ka zaɓi wuri kyauta, mai hasken rana. Itacen yana girma sosai a kan kowace ƙasa, ba ya son wuraren dausayi da yashi... Kafin yin shuki, ya zama dole a shirya wurin da ba zai ambaliya da shukar ba lokacin bazara.
Kaka lokaci ne mai kyau don dasa shuki, amma zaka iya dasa shuki a cikin bazara, kafin ƙarshen Afrilu. Yi la'akari da tazara tsakanin bishiyoyi yayin da suke girma aƙalla mita biyar. Don girbi, wajibi ne a dasa shuki uku ko sama da haka, tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire.
Yana da matukar mahimmanci a san cewa shrub din kadai baya bada 'ya'ya.
Kafin dasa shuki, kuna buƙatar sayan samari, zaku iya tono shi a cikin daji. Shirya rami ta hanyar haƙa tare da shebur, 80 x 80 cm cikin girman kuma zurfin 80 cm... Humus, takin ƙasa mai baƙar fata ana gabatar dashi a cikin kowane rami, kuma ana haɗe shi da ƙasa. Kirkira rami a kusa da tsirrai sannan a zuba da ruwa. Bayan haka, ana yin mulching tare da sawdust ko ciyawa.
Bayan an dasa, dole ne a shayar da shrub ɗin, a sako shi, a ciyar da shi da takin mai magani, sannan a kula da shi daga kwari. Bayan dasa shuki na ɗan bishiyar shrub, ya zama dole a sassauta ƙasa kuma a shayar da ita, musamman a lokacin rani a yanayin zafi. Itacen baligi baya buƙatar kulawa da yawa; ya zama dole a datsa don samun kyakkyawan frua .a. Lokacin siyan, kuna buƙatar ku kula da tsirrai, tsirrai, suna ba da fruita fruita shekaru da yawa daga baya, goro ƙarami ne a cikin girma... Hazel yana girma a cikin gandun daji da aka haɗu da coniferous, a cikin tudu, tare da koguna. Hazel ya yadu a cikin Rasha, Caucasus, Turai, da Yankin Primorsky.
Dokokin haifuwa da noman
Hanyoyin haifuwa sune shuke-shuke da iri. Ana amfani da hanyar iri lokacin shuka shuki. Don shuka, an dauki kwayoyi cikakke, shuka nan da nan bayan girbi a watan Satumba.
Dabbobi iri-iri iri-iri ana yaɗa su a cikin ciyayi:
- Gidaje
- Rhizomes
- Alurar riga kafi
- Ta hanyar raba dazuzzuka
- Yankan
Lokacin yadawa ta hanyar yin layi matasa harbe suna tanƙwara sun kafe a ƙasa, ba tare da yayyage daga daji ba. Duk abin da ya kamata a yi tare da hankali don kada ya cutar da buds, wanda zai ba matasa harbe.
Rhizome girma shukar ta bayyana a shekara ta uku bayan dasa shuki. Shaya daga cikin shrub yana da ƙari fiye da ɗari, kuma ana amfani da su don haifuwa. Raba rhizomes uku na bazara a gefunan daji ta amfani da hatchet, shebur ko hacksaw. Harbewa suna da tushe mai rauni, an dasa su a rami ɗaya, guda 3 kowanne. Kuma a cikin nurseries, suna girma na kimanin shekaru 2 don ƙarfafa tushen tsarin.
Ana yada Hazel ta rarraba daji... Itacen da aka tumɓuke ya kasu kashi da yawa don kowane kututture yana da tushe. Bayan dasa shuki, wadataccen ruwa ya biyo baya, don rayuwa mai kyau daga daji. Tuni a cikin shekara ta uku, irin waɗannan ƙwayoyin sun fara ba da fruita fruita.
Don yadawa ta hanyar dasawa, ana girbe cuts a cikin kaka, kuma a ajiye su a wuri mai sanyi. Gwanin dutsen ana yinsa ne a lokacin bazara a cikin butt, a cikin ɓoye ko bayan haushi. Haɗin haushi yana da tushe sosai. Alurar riga kafi ana yada ta tare da lambun varnish kuma an rufe ta da tsare. Bayan budding, an cire fim din.
Yankan Hazel suna kafe a ɗaka a cikin babban zafi... Wajibi ne a yanke seedlings 10 santimita tsayi, cire ƙananan ganye. Bayan haka, shirya abun da ke ciki na yashi, peat, ƙasa da humus. An dasa yankan a cikin kwalaye tare da ƙasa mai laushi a ƙarƙashin fim ɗin. Bayan makonni 3, bayan asalin sun bayyana, an cire fim ɗin.
Girbi
Girbi na Hazel yana faruwa a shekara ta uku, lokacin da daji ya fara ba da 'ya'ya a cikin Satumba.
Balagowar 'ya'yan itacen ya samo asali ne ta hanyar sayen kwasfa mai launin rawaya da zubewa.
Lokacin girgiza itacen, kwayoyi waɗanda ba su fado ba ya kamata a ba su lokaci su nuna. Da zarar 'cikakke, kwayoyi basu dace da cin ɗan adam ba. Suna buƙatar bushe na ɗan lokaci a cikin yankin bushe da iska. Ana ba da shawarar adana goro a cikin jaka wacce iska ke wucewa.... Lokacin girbi, an tattake ƙasa a ƙarƙashin ciyawar, dole ne a sassauta ta, a shayar da ita kuma ta zama bayanta.
Bayyanawa ga cututtuka da kwari
Bayyanar cututtuka da kwari da cututtukan hazel yana da wuya. Akwai kwari da yawa na daji:
- Aphid
- Garkuwa
- Tudun ƙwaro
'Ya'yan itacen da suka lalace an yi masu wanka da kwari masu yawa. Kwaro mai haɗari shine ƙwan ƙwarya... Idan bazara ta zo, yakan ci ganyen, bayan haka sai su yi ƙwai. Wani tsutsa ya bayyana a cikin kwaya, wanda ke fitar da dukkan abinda ke ciki. A cikin yaki da kwari, ya zama dole a fesa da bushes bayan flowering tare da bayani na chlorophos ko wasu kwayoyi. Ana daukar matakai don cire ganyayyaki da goro da suka lalace kusa da itacen.
A cikin lambu na lambu, itacen bishiyoyi mai daɗi da kyau har yanzu ba safai ba, kodayake shrub ɗin ya shahara. Itacen shrub yana da ƙimomi da yawa a cikin magani, kuma itace yana da ƙimar musamman a cikin kayan ɗaki da masana'antar masana'antu... Bugu da kari, shrub din abu ne mai kyau a cikin kowane lambu, musamman lokacin furanni.