A cikin nau'ikan nau'ikan pear iri daban-daban, koyaushe kuna son zaɓar mai daɗi, mai bayarwa mai tsada, mara kyau da sauƙin kulawa.
Wannan Dew na Agusta, wanda masu lambu da manoma ke kauna... Da ke ƙasa akwai kwatancin iri-iri, fa'idodi da rashin fa'ida, yadda za a zaɓi sahihiyar shuka, shuka da kulawa.
Halaye da kwatancin ire-iren Avgustovskaya dew
Agusta dew - bazara pear iri-iri... Yana girma a cikin Yankin Blackasar Baƙin Centralasa (tun shekara ta 2002). Samu ta hanyar tsallake nau'ikan tausasawa da Triumph Pakgama.
Abubuwan da aka samo iri-iri sun haɗu da kyawawan sifofin na "iyaye": daga nau'ikan Jinƙai, juriya ga cuta da sanyi, yawan amfanin ƙasa da kyakkyawan dandano daga nau'ikan Triumph Pakgama.
Nau'in ya samo asali ne daga S.P. Yakovlev a Cibiyar Nazarin Harshen Rasha da Tsarin Kiwan Shuke-shuke. I. V. Michurin.
Tsayin bishiyar ya kai mita uku. Girbi kowace shekara, farawa daga shekara ta 4 na dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa. Yawan amfanin ƙasa yana da yawa, har zuwa 200 c / ha a mafi shekarun haihuwa.
Girbi na farko ya kusan kilo 15 a kowace bishiya. Iya rike lokacin sanyi da kyauwaxanda ke halayyar yankunan tsire-tsire.
Cutar da juriya... Babban ikon samar da harbe da buds.
Halaye na tsarin bishiyar:
- launin toka mai haske na baƙi, santsi;
- saukar da kambi tare da matsakaici mai yawa;
- madaidaiciyar rassa. Wurin 'ya'yan itatuwa akan dogaye da gajerun zobe da mashi;
- haske launin ruwan kasa, mai fadi da lanƙwasa harbe. Babban adadin ƙananan lentil;
- zobon maɓuɓɓuka masu matsakaiciyar girma, an ɗan lankwasa su zuwa gefe;
- ganyen olong mai tsayi tare da tushe mai kama da launuka kore mai duhu. Matsakaicin darajar Gefen gefuna Ipananan saber stipules;
- petioles na matsakaici kauri da tsawon;
- fararen furanni masu kamannin saucer, karami. Sepals suna da tsayi, an tsara su zuwa gaɓar kafa. Fuskokin suna da tsayi - sun fi ƙarfin anhira. Infaya daga cikin furanni yana da furanni 7-10.
Halayen tayi:
- 'ya'yan itacen yana da matsakaiciyar girma, yana yin nauyi daga 100 zuwa 200 g.
- fata mai santsi tare da dige. Launi a lokacin balaga kore ne ko kore-rawaya tare da '' ƙyalli '' a ɗan ƙaramin yanki na 'ya'yan itacen;
- farin da kuma ɗanɗano-ɓangaren litattafan almara tare da ɗanɗano-mai ɗanɗano mai laushi da laushi mai laushi;
- maɓuɓɓukan kafa suna lankwasa, tsayi da faɗi ƙwarai;
- karamin mazurari yana da kwalliya;
- karamin, rufaffiyar kofin;
- saucer karami ne, an dan fadada shi, yana da madaidaiciyar siffar;
- ainihin yana da girma, mai siffa irin ta albasa;
- matsakaici-tsaba, rufe;
- manne da itace sosai;
- lokacin girbi - tsakiyar watan Agusta - Satumba;
- lokacin adanawa da amfani shine makonni biyu;
- pear don dalilan tebur;
- mafi kyaun pollinator shine Pamyati Yakovlev iri-iri.
Fasali da fa'idodi:
- Halin hunturu da juriya na sanyi.
- Ba damuwa game da fari ba.
- Babban aiki.
- Balaga da wuri.
- Kyakkyawan gabatarwa.
- Smallananan ƙananan al'amuran lalacewar bishiyar ta hanyar cututtuka ko kwari.
- Ana iya sarrafa 'ya'yan itacen cikin sauƙi a cikin adanawa, jams da busassun' ya'yan itatuwa. Kyakkyawan dandano.
rashin amfani: tare da yawan amfanin ƙasa, 'ya'yan itace iri iri na faruwa.
Fa'idodi da illolin pears
Amfanin pears Agusta dew yana da kyau. Yana da amfani ga manya, yara - baya haifar da rashin lafiyar jiki, rashin jin daɗin ciki kuma yana da amfani mai amfani a jiki.
Yana inganta haɓaka rigakafi. Daya pear kowace rana - rigakafin mura.
Ana amfani dashi sosai a maganin gargajiya tare da tari, sanyi, kumburi da tsarin halittar jini, cutar dutse. Kyakkyawan mataimaki a cikin yaƙi da naman gwari, dermatitis.
Bugu da kari, pear ya ƙunshi:
- bitamin C (ascorbic acid) yana taimakawa wajen karfafa garkuwar jiki da kuma kara karfin jijiyoyin jini;
- bitamin K - tushen alli;
- bitamin B9 mai aiki a cikin aikin hematopoiesis;
- cellulose mai amfani ga hanyar narkewar abinci, saboda yana rage matakan cholesterol kuma yana daidaita microflora na hanji. Yakai maƙarƙashiya. Inganta ci abinci;
- sulfur taimaka wajen ƙarfafa gashi da kusoshi;
- potassium yayi aikin kare zuciya kuma yana taimakawa wajen dawo da ƙwayoyin halitta. Yana hana bayyanar edema;
- cobalt yana tallafawa aikin glandar thyroid, kodan. Yana tara haemoglobin kuma yana taimakawa cikin saurin ƙarfe.
Ya kamata a lura cewa tare da babbar "saiti" na kyawawan kaddarorin pear har yanzu tana iya cutarwa... Wannan ya shafi amfani da 'ya'yan itace don gastritis, colitis da ulcers.
Haɗarin ba shi da kyau, 'ya'yan itatuwa ne masu wahala ga yara da tsofaffi.
Yadda za a zabi tsire-tsire masu kyau?
A zabi na seedling ne mai garanti na wani babban yawan amfanin ƙasa. Don zaɓar shuka mai kyau, dole ne ku bi wadannan dokokin:
- Bambance-bambancen raɓa iri daban-daban na Avgustovskaya zasu sami tushe da kuma samar da girbi ne kawai a yankin da ke da yanayi mai kyau (yankuna na tsakiya da na kudanci tare da ƙasa baƙi).
- Sayi shuke-shuke kawai a cikin gandun daji na musamman don guje wa yaudara da siyan wani iri-iri ko itace.
- Yana da daraja a kula da tushen seedling - sabo ne, ba bushe ba, ba daskarewa. Mafi tsayi (daga santimita 30) kuma mafi ƙarancin tushen tsarin, to da alama ƙwaya zata iya yin jijiya sosai.
- Idan aka yanke jijiyar, to ya zama fari. Canji a launi yana nuna cewa ɗanyen ya daskarewa ko bushe.
- Yi nazarin tushen a hankali. Kasancewar kumburi yana nuna cuta (tushen daji).
- Gangar jikin ta mike, bata lalace ba.
- Shekarun shuka suna kimanin shekara ɗaya ko biyu.
Ana shirin sauka
Baya ga zaɓar shuka, ya zama dole a shirya kasar gona da kyau zuwa saukowarsa - garantin rayuwa.
Bambance-bambancen Dew na Avgustovskaya ba shi da daɗi, amma don samun girbi mai kyau da mai daɗi, ya kamata ku zaɓi rana, mara iska. Ya cancanci zaɓar wurin da aka ɗaukaka, wanda ya faru ne saboda rashin haƙurin ruwan tsaiko.
Pre-takin don wurin shuka nan gaba (nau'in, yawan takin ya dogara da ƙasa). Pear Agusta dew yana da ƙaramin kambi, don haka tazara tsakanin tsirrai 5 m.
Dasa shuki
Wajibi ne don dasa shuki kaka (farkon Oktoba) ko bazara (ƙarshen Afrilu). Ba tare da la'akari da lokacin ba, fasahar dasa iri ɗaya ce:
- Shirya rami. Ramin yana da mita 1 a diamita kuma yana da zurfin mita 0.5. Tushen ya kamata ya kasance yana da 'yanci a ciki.
- Cika da takin mai magani (humus, nitrate, potassium).
- Yada tushen.
- Riƙe da tsiron, saka shi a cikin rami, rufe shi da ƙasa don tushen abin wuya ya ɓoye a ƙarƙashin ƙasa, ɗanɗano da ruwa.
Dokoki don kula da itace da 'ya'yan itace
Bayan zaɓar tsiron da ya dace, shirya ƙasa da kuma kai tsaye dasa bishiyar matasa, kulawa yana da mahimmanci.
Noman ƙasar... Sako da sassauta ƙasa kamar yadda ake buƙata kafin shayarwa.
Shayarwa... Kimanin sau 5 (a lokacin rani) a wata (guga 1 - itace 1). Ya kamata a yi shayar a hankali yadda duk ruwan zai shiga cikin ramin pear ya kuma “shayar” da asalinsa. A cikin fari, zai fi kyau a sha ruwa da sanyin safiya da maraice, rabin bokiti a lokaci guda.
Rage shayarwa ta kaka sannan a tsaya. A lokacin bazara, fara shayarwa a hankali. Ana daidaita ƙarar ruwa don ruwan sama da lokacin.
Yankan... Kowace bazara, cire ƙananan harbe a tsaye a matakin 0.5 m daga ƙasa. Pruning a cikin kaka na iya haifar da mutuwar itacen - cuts na iya ba su da lokacin ƙarfafawa kafin farkon sanyi. Wannan bai shafi rassa masu lalacewa da bushewa ba.
Bai kamata ku yi sakaci da yanke itacen ba, saboda girman da abun cikin sukarin 'ya'yan itacen ya dogara da wannan.
Top miya... Raɓa Agusta na son takin gargajiya - taki, wanda ya ƙunshi duk abubuwan da ake buƙata don itace. Ya cancanci kawo cikin taki bai wuce kilogiram 2 na taki ta 1 m2 na yanki kusa da akwati ba.
Top dressing ya fi kyau ayi a bazara (Maris-Afrilu), kowace shekara. A lokacin faduwa, bayan faduwar ganye, ya zama dole ayi amfani da takin mai magani nitrogen ko kuma taki iri daya.
Ana shirya don hunturu... A ƙarshen kaka, ana kula da itacen tare da maganin farar ƙasa. Wannan zai kare haushi daga kunar rana a jiki da kwari masu son haushi.
A lokacin sanyi da ɗan lokacin sanyi mai ƙanƙara, ƙirƙirar ƙarin, dumama ta wucin gadi ta nade akwatin da kayan da ba a saka ba (agrofibre cikakke ne - yana ba da iska, danshi kuma baya barin sanyi ya wuce).
Girbi ya faɗi a cikin watan Agusta-Satumba, dangane da yanayin yanayi. Tsohuwar itacen, mafi girman yawan amfanin ƙasa.
Store pears ba zai wuce makonni biyu ba a cikin wuri mai sanyi kuma kimanin watanni uku a cikin ɗaki (a cikin kwalaye katako) ko firiji.
Cututtuka da kwari. Hanyoyin sarrafawa
Duk da cewa raɓa a watan Agusta iri ne mai ɗorewa sosai ga kwari, wajibi ne a gudanar da rigakafin kowace bazara... A saboda wannan, duka wakilan sunadarai (fungicides, kwari) da kuma mutane (infusions na ganye) sun dace.
Lokacin da raunuka da fasa tare da tabarau masu launin ruwan kasa sun bayyana a kan asalin (cutar kanjamau) ya zama dole a cire ganyen da abin ya shafa da haushi, suna ɗaukar 2 cm na yankuna masu lafiya. Bi da jan karfe sulfate.
Lura da dusar ƙanƙara akan ganye da furanni ya zama dole a cire wuraren da abin ya shafa kuma ayi magani da Topaz. Yi amfani da sulfur mai haɗuwa lokacin shayarwa.
Za cire 'ya'yan itace rot kuma zai gargadi bayyanar maganin Oxyhom da maganin ruwan borod 1%. Tsari bayan flowering.
Tare da kwari kwari zasu taimaka maganin Nitrafen, Kinmix, Spark, da sauransu.
Binciken lambu
“A ƙarshe wannan shekara bishiyar ta haifi fruitsa fruitsanta, firsta firstan farko na farko. Raɓa a watan Agusta babban iri ne bisa ga ra'ayoyi, amma ...! Wadannan pears din nan guda biyu manya ne, kyawawa, amma dandano shine ... koren! Ba cikakke ba, amma a cikin yadi a cikin mako a watan Oktoba da sanyi. Slavka. "
“Pear Agusta raɓa ba itace mai tsananin fruita fruitan itace ba. Saboda yawan amfanin gona, dattako da ƙarancin bishiyar, zai iya samun girmamawa da sauri. Yarda da yanayin kulawa na yau da kullun zai kawo wadataccen girbi na fruitsa fruitsan itacen marmari. Pear ya fi itacen apple haske. M sosai. Kuma kusan kowa yana da gajeren rayuwa ... Filifonka. "
“Na daga A. Rosu daga wani yanki na yanka, akwai irin wannan sayayyar a wurin taron a shekarun baya. Sumach, mai tsotse-tsotse-tsotse, makiyaya, robinia, girma a kusa - duk sun daskare ga asalinsu, amma ta wata hanya ta kai 'ya'yan itace kuma ba ta yi atishawa ba. Filifonka. "
“Da zarar ina so in dasa raɓa a watan Agusta, to ta girma a cikin gidanmu. Amma sai na yi magana da darakta, ya ce sun yi watsi da ita - ba masu wahala a yanayinmu ba (gabas). boaura. "
“Bayan sanyi, wanda ba zato ba tsammani ya dawo, nau’ikan pear sun daskare a cikin shukokin da ake ganin suna da babban tsananin damuna: Agusta Dew, Gratsia, Zimnyaya, Glazkova, Martian, Tenderness da Chizhevskaya. Aleksandr Kuznetsov. "
Tare da nau'ikan nau'in pear iri-iri iri-iri Avgustovskaya dew ya sami tabbaci mai gamsarwa... Kuma ba don komai ba, saboda yana da fa'idodi da yawa.
Wannan juriya ne ga sanyi, kwari, kulawa mara kyau, kasuwa da kyakkyawan dandano.