Ana iya samun 'ya'yan itace a kusan kowane yanki na lambu, yayin da Festivalnaya iri-iri ne musamman mashahuri.
Yana da halaye masu kyau da yawa, waɗanda mafi mahimmanci daga cikinsu sune yawan amfanin ƙasa da rashin daidaituwa ga yanayin girma, gami da yanayin hunturu.
Bayanin iri-iri iri na Festivalnaya Daisy
Strawberry daji Festivalnaya mai kuzari, amma a lokaci guda karami, ganyayyakin suna tsaye sosai kuma a hankali.
Peduncles masu kauri ne kuma masu ƙarfi, masu iya tallafawa nauyin ɗanɗano berry, galibi suna kan matakin ɗaya tare da ganye ko kaɗan ƙasa da su. Abubuwan inflorescences suna da kyau sosai, furanni suna bisexual.
Dangane da bayanin, 'Ya'yan itace suna faruwa a tsakiyar lokaci ko ƙarshen lokaci kuma a lokaci guda yana ɗaukar tsawon lokaci, har zuwa tsakiyar Oktoba-farkon Nuwamba.
Yawan amfanin gona yana da kyau sosai, har zuwa gram 500 na strawberries ana iya girbewa daga daji ɗaya. Yana da kyau a lura cewa 'ya'yan itacen farko zasu iya kaiwa taro daidai da gram 45, yayin da amfanin gona na ƙarshe zai ragu sosai (gram 10-15).
'Ya'yan itacen oblong suna da haske ja, fata na sheki har ma. Wuya tana da faɗi kuma madaidaiciya. Ja, ƙaramin achenes suna saman duk fuskar irin wannan strawberries.
Theangaren litattafan almara yana da ruwan hoda mai haske, mai taushi, amma a lokaci guda mai yawa, saboda abin da iri-iri ke jure jigilar kayayyaki da ajiyar lokaci mai kyau.
Daɗin ɗanɗano na berries yana da daɗi, mai daɗi da tsami tare da m ƙanshi. Zaka iya amfani da waɗannan strawberries don dalilai daban-daban.
Bikin Festivalnaya Chamomile ya shahara saboda juriya da cututtuka daban-daban da kwari, amma har yanzu kuna iya ganin fure-fure mai laushi ko wutsiya a irin wannan shuka. Irin wannan strawberry jure yanayin hunturu da kyau.
Tarihin kiwo da yankin ci gaba
An yi bikin 'strawberry' a cikin garin Pavlovsk masu kiwo na cikin gida, waɗanda ke yin aiki tuƙuru tsawon shekaru 4, a tsakanin 1954 zuwa 1958.
Nau'in ya samo sunan ne don girmama bikin duniya na matasa da ɗalibai, wanda aka gudanar a 1997.
Duk da cewa Ana daukar Festivalnaya tsohon iri-iri, yawancin jinsunan samari har yanzu sun kasa lullube halayensa.
Yana da al'ada don shuka irin wannan strawberries a cikin Yankin Tsakiya da Arewacin., a cikin Urals da Siberia.
Irin waɗannan zaɓuɓɓukan da ba a saba da su ba saboda gaskiyar cewa nau'ikan suna haƙuri da sanyi da kyau, amma a lokaci guda yana da saukin kamuwa da fari da zafi, don haka yankunan kudu ba su dace da shuka shi ba.
Fa'idodi da rashin amfani
Iri-iri ab advantagesbuwan amfãni:
- kyakkyawan aiki;
- kyakkyawan dandano na Berry;
- sakamakon berries yana jure wa sufuri da kyau kuma an adana shi na dogon lokaci;
- 'ya'yan itatuwa na farko suna alfahari da babban girma;
- dogon lokacin 'ya'yan itace;
- nau'ikan iri-iri na iya bunkasa cikin inuwa ta wani bangare;
- shukar ba ta jin tsoron hunturu na hunturu, ba a taɓa fure buds a lokacin sanyi, kuma ɓarnar da ta lalace ta murmure da sauri sosai.
Rashin amfani:
- da iri-iri ne sau da yawa shafi wasu cututtuka;
- shukar ba ta jure zafi da fari.
Dokokin sauka
Al'ada ce don aiwatar da aikin dasa Festivalnaya a buɗaɗɗen ƙasa a bazaralokacin da barazanar komowar sanyi ya wuce ko a farkon bazara. A cikin akwati na biyu, kuna buƙatar tabbatar da cewa tsire-tsire yana da lokaci don tushen kuma baya daskarewa a lokacin hunturu.
Lokacin zabar wuri don strawberries, yakamata kuyi la'akari da buƙatun ta:
- Amananan loamy ko ƙasa mai yashi sun fi dacewa.
- Ya kamata shafin ya zama da haske sosai, amma a lokaci guda a kiyaye shi daga hasken rana kai tsaye.
- Abubuwan da aka zana sun shafi shuka.
- Matsayin ruwan karkashin kasa dole ne ya zama aƙalla santimita 80.
Don kaucewa canja wurin kwari daga magabata, ana ba da shawarar a yi shure-shuren a wuraren da legan hatsi, karas, dill da faski suka girma a gabansu.
Ga mafi girman ci gaban seedlings, a cikin kaka, watanni shida kafin shuka, an haƙa ƙasa zuwa zurfin santimita 25, tsabtace daga weeds kuma ana amfani da takin mai zuwa (a kowace murabba'in mita 1):
- 5-6 kilogiram na taki ko peat;
- 50 grams na superphosphate;
- 20-30 gram na mahadi.
Tsarin shuka strawberries a cikin filin fili yayi kama da wannan:
- Da farko, ana haƙa ramuka masu zurfin sauka, nisan da ya kamata ya zama aƙalla santimita 30.
- Ruwan da aka samu ana shayar da shi sosai da ruwa.
- A cikin tsire-tsire, an ɗan gajarta sai an danƙa ganye, a bar 3-4 na ƙarfi da ƙarfi.
- An sanya tsire don tushen abin wuya a matakin ƙasa.
- Mataki na karshe zai kasance mai yalwa.
Idan an dasa strawberries a cikin kaka, to dole ne a rufe shi bugu da allyari.
Lambun Berry kulawa
Kulawa na Festivalnaya abu ne mai sauki kuma har ma mai farawa zai iya ɗaukar ta.
Shayar da strawberries ya ƙunshi dokoki masu yawa da yawa.don la'akari yayin kulawa:
- shuka shuka ya fara a watan Afrilu;
- Ana amfani da lita 10-12 na ruwan dumi a kowace murabba'in mita 1 na shuka;
- a matsakaicin yanayin zafi, ana shayar da duwawun sau ɗaya a kowane mako biyu;
- a cikin lokaci mai zafi, zai zama dole a jika ƙasa kowane kwana 2-3;
- idan akwai karancin ruwan sama a daminar, ya kamata a ci gaba da shayar da strawberries duk bayan kwanaki 5;
- yayin aikin, ba za a bar ruwa ya hau kan tsire-tsire wanda ke cikin matakin fure ko 'ya'yan itace ba.
Kowace kwanaki 7-10, dole ne a kwance gadaje a hankali da share ciyawa. Wannan zai taimaka musu samun isashshen oxygen.
Don hana saurin ƙafewar danshi da dakatar da ci gaban sako, dole ne a dunƙule hanyoyin bambaro, ciyawa ko peat.
Don tsire-tsire su samar da tsarin tushen karfi da kuma ci gaba, ana cire duk wani abin bakin-kwando da magabata a ciki a shekarar farko ta rayuwa.
Festivalnaya strawberry yana buƙatar ciyarwa na yau da kullun, wanda aka aiwatar bisa ga makirci mai zuwa:
A farkon bazara, nan da nan bayan dusar ƙanƙara ta narke | Xwararrun takin mai ma'adinai |
A lokacin fure, ana amfani da taki sau ɗaya a mako. | Ana narkar da mililita 200 na tsutsar tsuntsaye cikin lita 4 na ruwa kuma a shayar da su da wannan cakuda a daji ɗaya |
A ƙarshen 'ya'yan itace | Superphosphate, gram 50 wanda aka tsarma cikin bokitin ruwa |
Gogaggen lambu bayar da shawarar ciyar da nan da nan bayan watering.
Sake haifuwa
Za a iya yaduwar biki a cikin hanyoyi da yawa, amma ya kamata a tuna cewa hanyoyin cin ganyayyaki galibi suna karewa cikin nasara, kuma lokacin da yabanya iri, akwai haɗarin samun tsire daban da na mahaifiya.
Don samun tsaba daga iri, aiwatar da waɗannan ayyuka:
- a karshen watan Fabrairu-a farkon Maris, an shirya cakuda mai ni'ima, wanda ya kunshi sassan daidai na yashi da peat, ana nitsar da tsaba kuma an shimfida ta a farfajiyar, wanda sai a dan matsa ta zuwa cikin zurfin;
- an rufe akwatin da gilashi ko tsare kuma an sanya shi a wuri mai dumi, ana ba da iska lokaci-lokaci ana shayar dashi;
- bayan makonni 2-3 ya kamata a fara harbe-harbe kuma za a iya nutsa shukokin cikin kwantena daban;
- da zaran fure guda 3 na ganyaye sun bayyana a kan shukokin, za a iya tura su zuwa buyayyar ƙasa.
Don samun kayan dasa daga gashin-baki, ya isa ya zabi mafi karfi da mafi tsawo harbi, sauran an cire.
Da zaran tushen rosette ya hau kan shi, sai a sa shi a cikin wani tukunya daban a jefa shi a ƙasa, bayan haka ana kula da shi kamar ƙwanƙwasawa. Bayan 'yan makonni, ana iya raba ƙaramin daji da mahaifiyarsa.
Hakanan zaka iya amfani da hanyar rarraba daji, gwargwadon yadda ake haƙa tsire mai girma daga ƙasa kuma ya kasu kashi da yawa.
Yana da kyau a lura cewa yadin da ganyayyaki 3-4 da lafiyayyu, saiwoyi masu ƙarfi ya kamata su kasance akan kowane yanke.
Cututtuka da kwari
Festivalnaya strawberry, kamar sauran tsire-tsire, yana fama da cututtuka daban-daban. Mafi sau da yawa, ana iya ganin ruɓaɓɓen launin toka, furer hoda ko fatar fure a bushe.
Cuta | Hanyoyin sarrafawa |
Ruwan toka | A farkon bazara, kafin samuwar buds, ana fesa shuka da shirye-shirye "Topsin M", "Zuparen", "Derozal", da dai sauransu. Idan lokacin rani yayi ruwa, to ana maimaita maganin bayan fure. |
Farin fure | A matakan farko na cutar, magani "Trichoderma" yana da tasiri, idan har cutar ta bazu sosai, dole ne ku yi amfani da fugnicides na ayyuka da yawa. |
Gyara wutsi | Idan aka fara maganin cutar akan lokaci, kayayyakin halittu ("Fitodoctor", "Fitosporin", da sauransu) na iya zama kyakkyawar hanya. A matakan ci gaba, ana amfani da Brodsky ruwa ko "Fundazol". |
Rigakafin cututtuka da kwari shi ne kamar haka:
- A farkon hunturu, ana cire ciyawa daga gadaje kuma ana cire ganyen tsire-tsire, bayan haka sai ƙasa ta kwance zuwa zurfin santimita 6-8 kuma a bi da shi da ruwan Brodsky ko jan ƙarfe na ƙarfe.
- A ƙarshen Satumba, ana kula da tsire-tsire da ƙasa da ke kewaye da su tare da abin da ke gaba:
- 5 lita na ruwa;
- 2 tablespoons na kayan lambu mai;
- Sabulu mai ruwa cokali 1
- 1 tablespoon na ash;
- 1 tablespoon vinegar
- Bayan makonni 2, ana maimaita maganin ta amfani da ruwan Brodsky.
Festivalnaya strawberry sanannen zaɓi ne na cikin gida, wanda bai rasa farin jini ba tsawon shekaru 50.
Irin waɗannan tsire-tsire suna kawo wadataccen girbi, wanda ya ƙunshi manyan 'ya'yan itace masu daɗi.