A yau, kusan kowane lambu ko dacha yana da tafarnuwa. An dasa shi don hunturu da farkon bazara. Tsarin dasa iri ɗaya ne koyaushe - sanya ƙwayoyin ɓarke a cikin ƙasa kuma su ba da kulawar da ta dace. Koyaya, mutane ƙalilan ne suka san hakan za a iya girma tafarnuwa ta wata hanya mai ban sha'awa - tare da taimakon kwararan fitila (tsaba tafarnuwa).
Me yasa ake shuka tafarnuwa daga tsaba
Girma tafarnuwa daga kwararan fitila wajibi ne, da farko, don ninkin iri-iri.
Misali, ana iya samun cloves 10 daga kai mai balaga, yayin da kwan fitila 1 ya ƙunshi kusan 100, wani lokacin kuma ƙari, iri da aka shirya don shuki a buɗaɗɗen ƙasa.
Wani dalili kuma shine koda tare da cikakken mutuwar amfanin gona, misali, saboda kayar cututtukan fungal, koyaushe za'a sami hannun jari na cikakke mai lafiya da inganci-kayan shuka (tsaba).
Bugu da ƙari, wani lokacin yakan faru cewa yayin aikin narkar, ƙananan kwari suna shiga cikin kansu, wanda ke tsoma baki tare da ci gaban da ya dace kuma yana rage yawan amfanin ƙasa, amma ba su taɓa kwararan fitila ba.
Sabili da haka, a wane hali, ana iya dawo da amfanin gona koyaushe, koda kuwa yana ɗaukar lokaci kaɗan.
Godiya ga an samar da kwararan fitila a saman saman kibiyar, a cikin harsashi mai kariya, kwayayen da ke ciki koyaushe suna cikin ƙoshin lafiya kuma ba sa cutuwa da cututtuka da ƙwayoyin cuta.
Ribobi da fursunoni na hanyar girma
Tabbas, kowace hanyar dasa itace tana da fa'ida da rashin kyau, kuma girma daga shuki ba banda bane.
Ribobi:
- lafiyayyen kayan abu;
- hanya mafi kyau don ninka tafarnuwa;
- da ikon kauce wa degeneration na iri-iri;
- ya fi dacewa da shuka iri a cikin ƙasa;
- high germination kudi.
A ka'ida, babu wani abin magana dalla-dalla anan, sai dai watakila game da dacewar dasa shuki da tsire-tsire.
Jin daɗi ya ta'allaka ne da gaskiyar cewa ana shuka tsaba nan da nan cikin ƙasar da aka shirya, yayin dasa bishiyoyi da cloves, ya kamata ku yi wasu matakai: raba kan da kuma warware dukkan ciyawar da ta lalace daga waɗanda suka lalace.
Hakanan, tsaba suna da ƙaruwar ƙwayar cuta.... An bayyana wannan ta hanyar rashin cutuwa daga cututtuka da kwari, wanda ke nufin cewa suna da cikakkiyar lafiya, kuma suna da "sabo" mai kyau, watau bai yi ƙarya ba na kimanin shekara ɗaya ko biyu ko fiye.
Usesasa:
- Yana daukan shekaru 2 don samun cikakken girbi;
- tsaba na iya ɓacewa a cikin ƙasa yayin sanyi.
Ee, babbar hasara na kwararan fitila shine lokacisaboda a shekarar farko kwara daya ne kawai (clove) ya tsiro daga tsaba, wanda ke bukatar sake dasa shi. Amma tuni a shekara ta biyu, ana samun cikakken tafarnuwa na tafarnuwa daga wannan albasar.
Kuma, tabbas, koyaushe akwai haɗarin cewa tsaba zasu lalace saboda farkon sanyi ko ƙarancin yanayin ƙasa. Koyaya, kamar yadda aikace-aikace ya nuna, wannan yana faruwa galibi tsakanin waɗanda basu bi ka'idoji da ƙa'idodin shuka ba.
Wannan duk tare da fa'ida da fa'ida, zaka iya ci gaba da haɓaka.
Yadda ake girma da tattara kwararan fitila
Babu wani abu mai wahala a cikin girma kwararan fitila. Bugu da ƙari, ba kwa buƙatar yin wani abu da gangan, saboda suna girma da kansu akan kiban tafarnuwa... Yana da mahimmanci sosai don tara tsaba daidai.
Don yin wannan, da farko dole ne ku jira lokacin da "kawunsa" mai kariya zai fashe kuma tsaba suna waje.
Wannan lokacin yana zuwa kusan tsakiyar Yuli, ƙasa da sau da yawa a ƙarshen. Don tafarnuwa na bazara, lokaci ya ɗan canja, kuma yakamata a gudanar da tarin kusa da ƙarshen watan Agusta.
Bayan haka, dole ne a yanke tsaba a hankali kuma a adana ta har zuwa lokacin sauka.
Akwai wasu nau'ikan tafarnuwa wadanda basa bunkasa kibiyoyi. Dangane da haka, ba zai yiwu a tattara tsaba daga irin waɗannan nau'in ba, don haka dole ne a yi la'akari da wannan.
AF, wani lokacin yakan faru cewa kwan fitila baya fashewa, kuma wasu yan lambu suna ganin cewa tsaba basu riga sun nuna a can ba, duk da haka, wannan ba haka bane.
A wannan yanayin, ya kamata ku kula da ganyen tafarnuwa., wato launinsu. Idan rawaya ta fara bayyana, to zaku iya tattarawa, amma idan ba haka ba, to ya fi kyau a ɗan jira kadan.
Yaushe za a tattara puff din tafarnuwa da yadda ake adana shi:
Ta yaya da kuma wurin adana sevok
Adana tsaba da aka sare ba babban abu bane. Na farko, dole ne a sanya su a cikin kwali ko ƙananan kwali a kawo su cikin sito ko wani daki, babban abin shine akwai zafin aƙalla aƙalla 18-20 digiri Celsius.
Kimanin watanni 1.5-2 kafin shuka, ya kamata a sauya tsaba zuwa wuri mai sanyaya, tare da zafin jiki na digiri 5-8 Celsius.
Wannan wajibi ne cikin tsari ta yadda kayan shuki zasu bushe sosai, kuma suma suyi tauri kuma a lokacin farkon sanyi mai kaifi bai lalace a cikin ƙasa ba. Wannan a gaba ɗaya, shi ke nan.
Hanyoyin shuka a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa
Lokaci yayi da zamuyi magana game da hanyoyin shuka. Ainihin, su uku ne kuma sun zama daidai da na sauran tafarnuwa na tafarnuwa:
- saukowa a cikin hunturu;
- dasa shuki a cikin bazara;
- kai tsaye hanya.
Littlean bayani kaɗan game da kowane.
Don hunturu
Wannan hanya ana ɗaukarta mafi mashahuri.... Sun fara shuka, a matsayin doka, a tsakiyar Nuwamba, amma a nan, da farko, kuna buƙatar mai da hankali kan yanayin yankinku, saboda yanayin ya bambanta ko'ina kuma wani ya riga yana da dusar ƙanƙara a watan Nuwamba.
A wannan yanayin, jagorar fara shuka na iya zama yanayin ƙasa - bai kamata ya zama ƙasa da digiri + 5 ba.
Bayan haka, ana yin ƙananan raƙuman gado a cikin gado, har zuwa zurfin 5 cm kuma tare da nisan 40-45 cm tsakanin su, kuma ana yin shuka iri ɗaya.
Bayan kammalawa, an rufe tsaba da ƙasa, kuma ana iya mulmula gadon ko a bar shi yadda yake.
Dasa kwararan fitila tafarnuwa kafin hunturu (a kaka):
A lokacin bazara
Dasa tafarnuwa bazara ba ta da bambanci da tafarnuwa ta hunturu, amma kuma tana da nata halaye.
Na farko, lokacin shuka iri-iri ne. Yawanci lokacin bazara ana shuka shi ne a farkon Maris., kuma wannan ya riga ya haifar da wasu matsaloli, tun da ƙasa tana da ƙarfi kuma ba ta da ɗumi da kyau.
Zai yi wuya a yi layuka a kan irin wannan ƙasa, don haka ya fi kyau a shirya lambun a gaba a cikin kaka, ciyawa kuma a rufe ta da tsare.
Batu na biyu shi ne cewa bayan harbe-harben farko sun bayyana, ana bukatar kula da tafarnuwa bisa ga dukkan dokoki, watau ruwa, abinci, kula da bayyanar kwari da cututtuka, da sauransu.
Hanyar kiwo mara tsayawa
Kuma hanya ta ƙarshe, wanda, a kallon farko, na iya zama kamar yana da ɗan rikitarwa, amma idan kun lura da kyau, wannan ba komai bane. Amma ana buƙatar takamaiman fasaha don wannan hanyar.
Layin da ke ƙasa shi ne cewa tafarnuwa da aka dasa daga kwararan fitila suna girma a wuri ɗaya tsawon shekara 2 a jere, bayan haka kuma sai a tono wani balagagge kai mai ƙyalli a ƙasa.
Ana yin komai kamar haka:
- A farkon Yuni, lokacin da aka riga an kafa kwararan fitila a kan kibau, kuna buƙatar kama lokacin kuma yanke su kafin su buɗe. Hanya mafi sauki da za a yi hakan ita ce ta hanyar mai da hankali kan kalar ganyayyaki - da zarar launin rawaya ya fara bayyana, za ku iya yanke shi.
- Bugu da ari, kwararan fitilar suna bukatar a busar da su kadan a rana na tsawon kwanaki 1-2, don haka kasancewarsu a cikin kasa, zai zama da sauki a gare su su bude.
- Da zarar komai ya gama, zaka iya fara shuka. Ba shi da bambanci da wanda ake yi don hunturu ko bazara. Bayan kammalawa, ana ba da shawarar yin gado da gado.
- A wajajen farko ko tsakiyar Oktoba, za a sami tafarnuwa da aka shirya, ko kuma a ce, ƙwanƙwaran 1 ɗin da ake buƙata don samun cikakken iko zai yi. Bai cancanci tono shi ba, akasin haka, lambun yana buƙatar sanya takin yadda yakamata kafin lokacin sanyi.
- Idan duk yanayin ya cika, to a tsakiyar watan Yuni, idan lokacin girbi ya zo, zai yuwu a tono cike, manyan kawuna tare da adadi mai yawa.
Wannan hanyar tana da ban sha'awa sosai, amma ba duk yan lambun suke komawa gareta ba, ta hanyar amfani da dasa gargajiya don hunturu.
Kamar yadda kake gani, babu wani abu mai wahala a cikin girma tafarnuwa daga kwararan fitila, mafi mahimmanci, bi duk dokoki da shawarwari.
Kuskuren kawai shine tsawon lokacin girma zuwa cikakken iko - shekaru 2, amma ko da wannan rashin dacewar ana iya gafarta masa cikin sauƙi, saboda kyakkyawan, kuma mafi mahimmanci girbi mai kyau koyaushe ya fi tsada.