Babu shuka guda daya da zata iya girma daidai ba tare da abubuwan alamomin da suka shafi aiwatar da aikin daukar hoto da hadi ba. Kuma tumatir ba banda bane. Manoma suna yin iya kokarinsu, suna amfani da rukunin takin zamani don samun wadataccen girbi. Anan ne allurar nitrate ke zuwa wurin ceto, wanda ke inganta ƙarancin acid na ƙasa. Yana da kyau kamar suturar tushe a lokacin bazara da foliar lokacin girma. Wannan wani nau'in "kayan gini ne" a tsarin samuwar kara da kuma kariya daga aiki daga cutuka masu yawa. Zamuyi magana game da amfani dashi don takin tumatir, kokwamba da barkono a cikin lambun daga baya a cikin labarin mu.
Abubuwan da ke tattare da maƙasudin magungunan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta nitrate
Calcium nitrate shine gishirin inoricic na nitric acid a cikin ƙwayar granules ko lu'ulu'u wanda ke narkewa cikin sauƙi a cikin ruwa. Kamar yadda yake na gishiri, yana da tsarke. Abin da ya sa, don amincin takin zamani, ana ba da shawarar don tabbatar da matattarar kayan marufin. Wannan hadin ya kunshi kaso 19 cikin dari na sinadarin calcium da kashi 13 cikin dari na nitrogen. Abun gina jiki ne na musamman wanda ba makawa don gina jiki na yau da kullun ko ciyar da shuke-shuke.
Yawancin lambu suna kuskure cikin tunanin cewa alli ba shi da buƙata ga ƙasa kamar phosphorus ko potassium. Koyaya, basuyi la'akari da cewa wannan ɓangaren ne yake ba da gudummawa ga kyakkyawan haɓakar nitrogen, wanda ya zama dole don lokacin girma. Ko da la'akari da gaskiyar cewa taki ya ƙunshi adadin nitrogen mai yawa, wannan baya shafar acid ɗin ƙasa. Sabili da haka, ana iya amfani da irin wannan ƙwaya mai gina jiki don kowane irin ƙasa. A wannan yanayin, yin amfani da alli nitrate zai zama kawai gwargwado mai mahimmanci don inganta haɓakar nauyi podzolic ko sod-podzolic ƙasa tare da babban acidity.
Babban fa'idar amfani da wannan hadadden shine karin alli. Wannan yana hanzarta saurin narkar da tumatir, yana tasiri tasirin ci gaban tushen.
A kan filaye na ƙasa mai guba, gishirin gishiri yana rayar da tumatir a zahiri, yana karɓar magnesium da baƙin ƙarfe da yawa, wanda ke da lahani a lokacin girbi.
Fa'idodi da rashin amfani wajen ciyar da kukumba, tumatir da barkono
Kyakkyawan halayen taki sune kamar haka:
- hanzari na photosynthesis, wanda ke rayayye a cikin yanayin yanayin tumatir;
- inganta ci gaban ciyayi da hanzarta ci gaban daji gaba ɗaya. Idan kayi amfani da irin wannan rukunin abinci mai gina jiki, yawan tumatir zai karu sosai;
- idan kun wadatar da ƙasa da alli nitrate, tsaba za su tsiro da wuri sosai;
- saboda tasirin aiki akan asalin bishiyar tumatir, shukar zata bunkasa da sauri;
- kara juriya da tumatir ga nau'o'in cututtuka da kwayoyin cuta;
- kara bayyanar da shukar da aka shuka zuwa matsanancin zafin jiki;
- inganta gabatar da fruitsa fruitsan itace da haɓaka rayuwarsu;
- inganta dandano da kamshin tumatir.
Babban rashin amfani da amfani da sinadarin nitrate shine tasirin cutar hadi kai tsaye akan tushen ko ganyen daji. Amma wannan yana ƙarƙashin yanayin rashin dace ko rashin dacewar amfani da hadadden kayan abinci. Idan kun bi duk shawarwarin don amfani, to bai kamata a sami irin waɗannan matsalolin ba.
Umarnin don amfani a gonar
Dangane da umarnin don amfani da alli nitrate, ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da taki a cikin bazara, lokacin da ake haƙa ƙasar. Bai cancanci ciyar da ƙasa a cikin kaka ba, saboda bayan dusar ƙanƙara ta narke, za a wanke nitrogen, wanda ke nufin cewa ba za a sha alli ba. Bugu da kari, a lokacin bazara, hadi yana da mahimmanci ga tumatir. Idan ya cancanta, ana iya amfani da abun don maganin foliar a farkon shekarun goman girma.
Yana da kyau a ba da hankali na musamman ga cewa ana fesa tumatir ne kawai kafin furannin su. Sabili da haka, kuna buƙatar tsarke miyagun ƙwayoyi yadda yakamata. Lokaci mafi kyau ga tumatir shine makon farko bayan dasa bishiyoyi zuwa buɗaɗɗen ƙasa.
Idan filin ƙasar don dasa shukokin tsire-tsire masu guba ne, za a iya zuba nitrate a cikin ɗakunan kai tsaye a cikin ramin don dasa shuki a ƙimar cokali ɗaya na takin zamani na daji ɗaya.
A baya mun faɗi cewa kuna buƙatar shayar da taki daidai, in ba haka ba kuna iya cutar da shukar. Haka kuma, a kowane mataki na girma da ci gaban tumatir yana da nasa halaye da kuma amfani da takin zamani. Zamuyi magana game da wannan dalla-dalla a ƙasa.
Yadda ake amfani da gishiri don tsire-tsire daidai
Don samun kyawawan tumatir, dole ne a ciyar da tsire-tsire tare da alli da nitrogen. Ana buƙatar sashi na farko don ci gaban al'ada na tushen tsarin, kuma na biyu don ingantaccen ƙwayar ƙwaya. Kuma idan waɗannan abubuwan ba su isa ba, to, tsire-tsire za su ci gaba da muni.
Ganin cewa yakamata a ciyar da tsire-tsire tumatir a cikin wani yanayi mai rikitarwa, zai fi kyau a yi amfani da mafita azaman saman kayan miya. Bugu da ƙari, gishiri mai sauƙin narkewa cikin ruwa.
Calcium nitrate yana da mahimmanci ga ƙwayoyin tumatir... Haka kuma, ana yin ciyarwar farko bayan bayyanar ganyen farko guda uku na shuka. A wannan yanayin, ya zama dole a shirya abun da ke ciki: 10 g na alli nitrate, 5 g na urea da 50 g na itacen itace ana ɗauka don lita 5 na ruwa. Amma wannan maganin dole ne a zuba shi a hankali a ƙarƙashin tushen, idan ya hau saman ganyen, za su iya ƙonewa.
Takin tumatir bayan dasa shuki
A yayin dasa shukokin tumatir a cikin wani greenhouse, kasar gona tana aiki tare da maganin ta hanyar feshi. Yana da mahimmanci a bi umarnin don amfani daidai, lura da sashi, in ba haka ba zaku lalata ƙwayoyin.
Don ƙirƙirar bayani, dole ne ku yi amfani da 50 g na nitrate a kowace lita 5 na ruwa. Irin wannan abun zai kare shuke-shuke daga nau'ikan kwari iri daban-daban, alal misali, cakulkuli da slugs, da cututtuka a cikin halin ruɓaɓɓen ruɓuwa.
Idan za a yi tumatir a cikin yanayi mai gurɓataccen yanayi, ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da mahaɗan da ke ƙunshe da nitrogen kafin tsarin furannin kansa.
Abubuwan da aka tara har zuwa wannan lokacin zasu haifar da kyakkyawar rigakafi ga daji, koda bayan ƙarshen ciyarwa tare da alli nitrate.
An rarraba abun a ko'ina a ko'ina cikin tsire-tsire. Wannan hanyar hadi ita ake kira ciyarwar foliar.
Ainihin amfani da gishirin gishiri ana yin sa ne kwanaki goma bayan dasa shukokin, sannan sau ɗaya kowane rabin wata har sai kwayayen ya bayyana. Bugu da ari, kada ku yi amfani da abun, tunda nitrates na iya tarawa cikin 'ya'yan. Kuma wannan yana cutar da mutane sosai.
Matakan tsaro lokacin aiki tare da kayan aiki
Calcium nitrate ba magani ba ne mai guba. Babu cikakken aminci ga lafiyar ɗan adam da rayuwarsa. Taki baya haifar da halayen rashin lafiyan. Dangane da rarrabuwa, yana cikin rukuni na 4 na abubuwa masu haɗarin haɗari.
Lokacin aiki tare da alli nitrate ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da matakan aminci na karɓaɓɓe... A wannan yanayin, safofin hannu na roba don kare fata zai isa. Kodayake ba za a sami wata cutarwa ta musamman ga taɓa ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyi tare da hannu ba. Amma ya fi kyau a yi wasa da shi da aminci kuma a tsarma ƙwayoyin tare da safar hannu.
Ya kamata a adana sinadarin calcium a cikin kunshin da aka rufe, nesa da kayan wuta mai saurin kamawa, wakilan alkaline, da kuma tsarin dumama jiki.
Karfinsu tare da wasu magunguna (potassium da ammonium nitrate)
An haramta shi sosai don haɗa gishirin gishiri tare da alli, lemun tsami, dolomite, taki, phosphates, sawdust, bambaro da sauran kayan aikin kwalliya, kamar yadda cakuda zai iya cin wuta da kansa.
Lokaci guda tare da maganin nitrate, zaka iya amfani da urea da toka na itace. Waɗannan abubuwan haɗin sun haɗu sosai kuma zasu ba ku damar samun kyakkyawan sakamako game da takin tumatir. Potassium (potassium) nitrate shine mafi kyawun amfani shi kadai.
Hakanan ba a ba da shawarar hada nitrate da sauki superphosphate, gami da takin mai magani wanda ke dauke da sulphur da phosphorus.
Babban aikin kowane mai kula da lambu shine samun girbi mai kyau da ɗanɗano. Amma saboda wannan ya cancanci yin aiki tuƙuru, kawai to ƙoƙarinku zai sami lada da gaske. A wannan yanayin, muna magana ne game da takin lambu tare da ammonium nitrate, wanda ke inganta ci gaban tushen tsarin, dasa shuki kuma yana kare daji daga kwari da cututtuka da yawa.
Amma a nan kuna buƙatar bin duk shawarwarin umarnin don amfani. Kodayake sinadarin ba mai guba bane, rashin dacewar shi ko rashin dacewar amfani dashi na iya cutar da shuka da lafiyar dan adam. Misali, idan kayi amfani da gishirin bayan kwai ya bayyana, 'ya'yan itacen na iya tara nitrates masu illa ga jikin mutum. Kuma rashin bin ƙa'idar maganin ƙwayoyi na iya haifar da ƙonewa a saman ganyen. Yi hankali da faɗakarwa don amfani da gishirin gishiri kawai don kyau.