Ba sananne sosai ba tukuna, amma alkawurra iri-iri na bishiyar Lobo apple, dace da masanan manyan 'ya'yan itace.
An yi bred a Kanada bisa ga wasu nau'ikan shahararrun apples ta amfani da ƙarancin kyauta. Hakanan nau'ikan iri-iri suna ba da 'ya'ya kuma ba damuwa don kulawa, wanda ya ba da gudummawa ga saurin yaduwa a cikin gonar lambu.
Tarihin kiwo
An yi bishiyar bishiyar Lobo a shekarar 1906, a cikin garin Ottawa - babban birnin ƙasar Kanada. Don ƙirƙirar su, mun yi amfani da pollination na kyauta na 'ya'yan itacen Macintosh.
Apples da aka samu ya fara samun shahara a 1920, lokacin da suka fara haɓaka mashahuran mashahuran a fagen zaɓi da lambu masu sauƙi. A cikin wannan shekarar, nau'ikan sun yadu zuwa Baltics da Belarus.
A cikin 1979, lokacin da tsire-tsire suka jimre a lokacin sanyin sanyi, sha'awar su ya sake sabuntawa. Sannan bishiyoyin apple na Lobo sun sami matsayin ɗayan mafi yawan nau'ikan jure sanyi, don haka da sauri suka bazu cikin yankunan arewa.
Yana da alƙawarin haɓaka iri-iri a yankin na Yankin Volga na Volasa. Hakanan, waɗannan bishiyoyin apple suna shahara a Lithuania, Belarus, Ukraine da ƙasashen Baltic.
Halaye da kwatancin iri-iri
Bishiyoyi na wannan nau'ikan suna da matsakaiciyar tsayi., wanda ke ci gaba da girma a farkon bayan saukarwa. A wannan lokacin, an kafa kambi mai tsayi a bishiyar Lobo apple. Bayan katsewar ci gaban, sai su sami sifa mai da'ira da sirara.
Don ƙananan harbe na iri-iri, ƙarancin ceri mai halayyar ne. Manyan, ganyen koren ganye yawanci ana kiyaye su. Shafin takaddar ba shi da kyau kuma yana da ɗan kaɗan, kuma ƙarshenta kaifi ne, wani lokacin akan rarraba shi.
Su kansu tufafin suna da girma, suna yin nauyi zuwa 180 g... Suna yawanci zagaye ko kuma ɗan ƙaramin eicalated conical a cikin sura.
Da farko dai, 'ya'yan itacen suna da launin rawaya-kore, kuma a lokacinda suke girma sun zama ja. Amma apples apbo na iya ɗaukar inuwa mai duhu burgundy tare da kakin zuma a lokacin girbi.
Farin naman thea thean itacen yana da kayan ƙwai. 'Ya'yan itacen suna da ɗanɗano a ɗanɗano, tare da ɗan taushi... Tuffa suna da daɗi kuma ana iya amfani da su don sha.
Wannan nau'in apple yana da saurin girma, Tun farkon lokacin girma ya faɗi a kan shekaru 3-4. Fruiting na yau da kullun ne kuma yalwa. Itace daya zata iya bayarwa har zuwa kilogram 380 na girbi.
Yawan girbi daga itacen apple ɗaya yana ƙaruwa kowace shekara. Shekarun da suka fi ba da amfani sune wadanda iska ke dauke da danshi mai yawa.
Itacen apple na Lobo ya girbe a cikin watannin kaka na ƙarshe, kafin farkon sanyi, sabili da haka, ana kiran wannan nau'in hunturu. Cikakken ripening yana faruwa a watan Oktoba.
Wannan aikin yana faruwa a lokaci guda don duk apples, sabili da haka kuna buƙatar tattara su a cikin mako guda.
Adana tuffa
Ana ajiye girbin har zuwa Janairu... Ya kamata a tuna cewa ana iya adana 'ya'yan Lobo na tsawon watanni 3. A wata na huɗu, ana lura da tuffa bushewa da sassauta ɓangaren litattafan almara.
'Ya'yan itacen Lobo suna da kyawawan halaye masu kyau, gabatarwa mai kyau, kuma mai sauƙin hawa.
Idan akwai yiwuwar canjin yanayi kwatsam a cikin ɗakin ajiya, to yakamata a sanya kwantena tare da fruitsa withan itace. Mafi kyawun yanayin zafin adon tuffa daga digiri 2 zuwa 7 a ma'aunin Celsius.
Fa'idodi da rashin amfani na itacen apple na Lobo
Duk nau'ikan itacen apple suna da fa'ida da rashin amfani.
Babban fa'idodin Lobo sun haɗa da:
- 'ya'yan itãcen babban kasuwa (babban girma, dandano mai kyau);
- juriya mai sanyi;
- haƙuri da yanayin bushewa saboda matsakaicin tsayin bishiyoyi;
- 'ya'yan itace masu ci gaba;
- gagarumin aiki;
- kyau kwarai transportability.
Amma itacen apple na wannan iri-iri akwai kuma rashin amfani:
- rayuwar ɗan gajeren lokaci na 'ya'yan itatuwa - kimanin watanni 2-3;
- a cikin yanayin ɗumi tare da yanayin ruwa, bishiyoyi da 'ya'yan itatuwa suna fama da scab da fure-fure.
Saukowa
Don samun ci gaban itace mai inganci wanda zai ba da amfani mai yawa a kowace shekara, kuna buƙatar la'akari da wasu mahimman abubuwa yayin dasa bishiyoyin 'ya'yan itacen apple.
Don farawa kuna buƙatar la'akari da nisa tsakanin saukowa, wanda ya dogara da girman bishiyar balaga. Tare da matsakaicin tsayi, ratar ya zama mita 3.5.
Bukatun ƙasa sun dogara da lokacin dasa bishiyoyin Lobo. Idan kun shirya dasa su a bazara, sa'annan suna shirya ƙasa a lokacin bazara, suna ba ta damar yin yanayi da dumi sosai.
Don kaka shuka matasa bishiyoyi, an shirya kasar gona watanni da yawa kafin fara aiki.
Game da haƙawar farko ta duniya, dole ne a cire ciyawar, a haɗa ta da ado na sama, kuma bayan ɗan lokaci sai a sake tono su. 5 - 8 kiba 8 na taki ko humus an gabatar da su ta mita 1 na yanki.
Idan aka noma ƙasar a lokacin bazara, to, ba a kwance manyan filayen ƙasa ba. Yakamata a bar Sod har zuwa bazara. Lokacin da darajar pH ta duniya take sama da 5.5-6.5, ana saka lemun tsami a cikin ƙasa.
Lokacin tono rami a ƙarƙashin itacen apple, yakamata ku tuna cewa ƙarar sa ya kamata ya isa ga iri tare da tushen tsarin da ƙasa mai ni'ima, wanda aka sanya shi a ƙasan bakin ciki. saboda haka yana da kyawawa don yin rami mai faɗin mita 1 da zurfin cm 90.
Lokacin binne irin shuka, yakamata ayi amfani da babba mai ni'ima don ba bishiyar kyakkyawar ci gaba. Coveredasan ramin an rufe shi da cakuda miya, yana zaune 2/3 na ƙarar daga hutu don dasa shuki.
Yawancin lokaci don wannan kgauki kilogiram 1 na superphosphate, kilogiram 1 na toka, guga 2-3 na humus da buckets 3-4 na bawon peat... Dukkanin abubuwanda aka hada sune kuma aka sanya su a rami. Daga nan sai a dasa shuki, a tona a tampar da ƙasa kusa da ita.
Kulawa
Lobo apple bishiyoyi basu da kyau don kulawa... Ya isa a kula da yanayin bishiyoyi akai-akai da aiwatar da maganin rigakafin cututtuka daban-daban.
Lokacin dasa bishiyar itacen apple, asalin saiwar an juya shi a kusurwar 90 ° don al'adun su sami abinci mai kyau kuma su haɓaka rayayye.
Yarinya mai tasowa tana buƙatar shayarwa na yau da kullunamma cikin matsakaici. Yawan danshi na iya sa shuka ta rube.
Itace take ɗaure da fegen katako, yana da kyau ayi hakan azaman adadi takwas. Lokacin dasa shuki a cikin bazara, yana da mahimmanci don aiwatar da kambi, wanda aka yanke ƙarshen dukkan rassa.
Kafin dasa itacen apple zuwa shafin, kana buƙatar bincika yanayin tushen sa. An cire dukkan sassan da suka lalace. Idan, bayan cirewa, tsarin tushen bai yi kyau ba, to ana sanya itacen cikin ruwa har tsawon kwanaki.
Yana da kyau a fitar da irin shuka domin kasa ta zauna bisa gindinta. Don kiyaye shi zuwa matsakaicin akan tushen tsarin, ana shayar da itacen sosai kafin a dasa shi.
Kulawa mai tsanani don itacen Lobo apple yana farawa a farkon bazara, ba tare da la'akari da lokacin shuka ba.
Don cimma 'ya'yan itacen apple na shekaru 4-5 ana hayayyafa da takin nitrogen da takin mai ma'adinai, da urea.
A lokacin rani, ana ƙara toka a cikin ƙasa, kuma ana amfani da takin gargajiya da takin mai danko a matsayin taki.
Yana da amfani a tattare da'irar kusa da akwati tare da humus taki, wanda dole ne a yayyafa shi a sama da ciyawa ko ciyawar busasshe.
Itatuwan tuffa na lobo suna da rauni sosai ga kamuwa da fungal, saboda haka, hana su tilas ne. Don wannan dalili, ana aiwatar da waɗannan hanyoyin:
- cire sassan da abin ya shafa;
- kawo toka a ƙasa;
- samar da kambi;
- bi da shi tare da sulfur colloidal da mahaɗan jan ƙarfe;
- hadi da phosphorus da potassium mafita;
- girbi akan lokaci.
Binciken lambu
Yawancin lambu da yawa sun nuna hakan Tufan Lobo suna da alamun yawan amfanin ƙasa da na yau da kullun... Hakanan, nau'ikan suna jure yanayin bushe sosai.
Kuna iya karanta wasu ƙididdiga na ainihi game da wannan al'ada:
“Muna zaune a arewacin yankin na Moscow. 'Ya'yan itacen suna da ɗanɗano, babba kuma kyawawa, sun cika girma a ranar 1-10 ga Satumba. Bishiyoyin Apple suna ba da babban yawan amfanin ƙasa, amma rassa na iya karyewa ƙarƙashin yawan 'ya'yan itacen. Ina ba dukkan masu kula da lambu shawara. "
“Itatuwan Apple suna samar da‘ ya’yan itace masu inganci. Amma yana da kyawawa don cire 'ya'yan wannan nau'in Kanada a ƙarshen Satumba, kuma zaka iya amfani dashi bayan ɗan gajeren ajiya. Rashin dacewar sun hada da juriya mai rauni a jikin mutum kuma ina so a kara karfin lokacin hunturu. "
“Tuffa mai tsami sosai tare da bagaruwa mai ƙarfi, wanda ke yin ruwan zaki mai daɗi. Tare da kulawa mai sauƙi yana yiwuwa a tattara tarin girbi na babba da manyan apples! "
Lobo apple iri-iri ana yaba shi a tsakanin masu lambu mai son, kuma a harkar noma. 'Ya'yan itacen sun dace da ɗanyen amfani kuma galibi ana amfani dasu don sarrafawa.
Itace kuma tana da halaye na ado, don haka yana iya kawata duk wani zane mai faɗi.