Daga cikin nau'ikan nau'ikan iri-iri na manyan-'ya'yan itacen bishiyar' ya'yan itace, akwai wadanda za'a iya kiransu megaparte. A matsayinka na mai mulki, waɗannan tsire-tsire ne na nau'in 'ya'yan itace masu ban sha'awa, kodayake akwai keɓaɓɓu. Yawancinsu sun riga sun zama "hits" a kan gonakin Rasha. Misali, jerin Wim, wanda kamfanin Dutch Dutch Vissers Aardbeiplanten ya samo asali... Wannan layin ya hada da nau'ikan strawberries guda hudu: Rina, Xima, Tanda da Zanta.
Game da jerin Wim - a dunkule
Vissers tsoho ne kuma sanannen kamfani mai kiwo, wanda ya ƙware a kan kiwan strawberry tun daga 1961. Shuke-shuken "Vissers" suna cikin kudancin Netherlands, inda ƙasa take da rairayi da haske, akwai haske da yawa da sauran fa'idodin yanayi waɗanda strawberries ke matukar so.
Nau'in jerin Vima, kodayake sun haɗu zuwa layi ɗaya, suna da bambancin jinsi. Yan uwan kawai sune Tarda da Zanta. Babban fasalin su shine babban ɗiyan itacen. Idan yawanci 'ya'yan itacen lambun strawberries suna tsakanin 30 gto a cikin nau'ikan Vima, wannan mai nuna alama ya kai 40-60 g, kuma a wasu lokuta kuma har zuwa 100 g.
A kan shafin yanar gizon kamfanin Vissers, ana rarraba nau'ikan jerin Wima ta hanyar 'ya'yan itace ta wannan hanyar:
Vima Zanta | Short rana iri-iri | Karshen Mayu - ƙarshen Yuni |
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Vima Xima | Short rana iri-iri | A farkon Yuni - farkon Yuli |
Vima Tarda | Short rana iri-iri | A farkon Yuni - farkon Yuli |
Vima Rina | Nau'in yau da kullun | Yuli - farkon Nuwamba |
Ana buƙatar bayani a nan. A cikin Rasha, al'ada ce a raba ra'ayoyin "tsaka-tsakin rana" (ko "photoneutral") da "remontant". Maimaitawa a cikin fahimtar kimiyyar cikin gida shine ikon sake bada fruita fruita. Irin waɗannan tsire-tsire suna ba da raƙuman ruwa 2-4 na 'ya'yan itace a kowace kaka. Photoneutral iri - wadannan sune wadanda a cikinsu akwai ci gaba da shimfida furannin fure. Irin waɗannan strawberries za su ba da 'ya'ya duk tsawon lokacin ba tare da tsangwama ba.
A Turai, duk da haka, kalmar "rana ba ta da iri" tana haɗuwa da remontant da tsarin sauti. Saboda haka, wani lokacin akan sami rikicewa yayin fassara. Hakan ya faru da bishiyar Wim Rin. A cikin kwatancin da yawa an kira shi remontant. amma a cewar masu lambu, ba ta da 'ya'yan itace kamar-kala... Wannan shine ainihin ranar tsaka tsaki.
Vima Rina
An samo nau'ikan Rina kwatsam, ta hanyar gudanar da aikin kyauta na sanannen sanannen mai matukar kwazo Selva.
Bush | Ganye mai yalwa, yaduwa kai tsaye, tare da faranti masu ganye masu ƙarfi na launin koren haske. Toarfin samar da waswas yana da ƙasa. |
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Furanni | White, na matsakaici diamita, peduncles - ja ruwa da ganye. |
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari | Babban (45 g), conical tare da furta wuyansa, ja, mai sheki. Dandanon yana da kyau kwarai, darajar dandano ita ce 4.8. Daidaitawar ɓangaren litattafan almara yana da yawa, mai taushi. Aroanshi yana da haske. |
yawa | Game da 800 g daga daji 1. |
Halin hunturu | Babban |
Hakurin fari | Matsakaici |
Jigilar kaya | Yayi kyau |
Sanya iri-iri | Duniya |
Ta wannan hanyar, fa'idodi iri-iri na Vima Rina sun haɗa da yawan amfanin ƙasa, manyan-'ya'yan itace, jigilar kaya da kuma tsananin damuna.
Za'a iya fassara ƙarancin damar strawberries don jefa gashin baki ta hanyoyi biyu. A gefe guda, yana sa sauƙin kulawa. A gefe guda, yana rikitar da kiwo na iri-iri.
Vima Zanta
Zanta tana da tsatson masarauta. An samo shi ta hanyar tsallake shahararrun nau'ikan Korona da Elsanta.
Bush | Arfi, yaɗa-yaduwa. Farantin ganyayyakin suna da halin kirkirarru cikin ciki. Jefa gashin baki da yawa. |
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Furanni | Matsakaici fari. Pedwararrun yara suna kan lalacewar ganye, yayin da thea thean itacen suka cika, suna sauka. |
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari | Matsayi mai ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano: mai tsami, mai matsakaiciyar jiki, tare da alamun caramel da strawberry, tare da ƙamshi mai ƙarfi. Sauƙi motsawa daga sepal, sami rami a ciki. Siffar 'ya'yan itacen gabaɗaya zagaye ne, ya daidaita, amma yana iya bambanta daga tarin zuwa tarin. Launi ja ne, ba tare da sheki ba. |
yawa | 600-800 g daga daji 1 |
Lokacin hunturu | Matsakaici |
Hakurin fari | Yayi kyau |
Rigakafi | Zuwa verticilliasis, fusarium, lalacewar toka Mai yiwuwa fatar fulawa ta shafa shi. |
Jigilar kaya | Matsakaici |
Sanya iri-iri | Don sabon amfani, kiyayewa, daskarewa. |
Takaita bayanan, kyawawan halaye na strawberries Wim Zant kyakkyawan dandano ne, yawan amfanin ƙasa, sauƙin haifuwa, juriya fari da rigakafi ga manyan cututtukan fungal.
Vima Tarda
Tarda ita ce 'yar "Wim Zant's strawberries, wacce ta bayyana daga tsallakawa tare da wani" Dutchman "mai taurin kai - iri-iri na Vicoda.
Bush | Mai ƙarfi, tare da kayan aiki mai ƙarfi. Farantun ganye duhu ne masu duhu, masu sheki. Forms ɗan gashin baki. |
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Furanni | Fari, matsakaici-matsakaici, tare da furannin fure a matakin ganye da ƙananan kaɗan. |
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari | Kyakkyawan kyau, babba, ba tare da rami ba, duhu ja, mai haske, tare da zagaye zagaye. A dandano ne m, tare da m ƙanshi. Thean litattafan almara na da ƙarfi, ja ja ne |
yawa | 600 g daga daji 1 |
Lokacin hunturu | Babban |
Hakurin fari | Matsakaici |
Rigakafi | Tsayi |
Jigilar kaya | Madalla |
Dalilin 'ya'yan itatuwa | Don sarrafawa, adanawa, daskarewa |
Ta wannan hanyar, Babban fa'idodi iri-iri na Vima Tarda - manyan-'ya'yan itace, juriya ga yanayin yanayi da cututtuka, kyakkyawar zirga-zirga.
Strawberries tare da m ɓangaren litattafan almara suna da kyau a adana kuma a sauƙaƙe jure jigilar kayayyaki, amma sun fi ƙasa da ɗanɗano ga mafi kyawun kayan zaki.
Vima Xima
Mafi yawan '' mongrel '' da ya fito daga jerin, wanda ya sami damar zarcewa "sunayen" uku. Samu ta hanyar zaɓar bazuwar tsire-tsire.
Bush | Mai yawa, mai iko, tare da farantin ganye koren haske mai duhu. Samuwar ta yi kasa. |
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Furanni | White, peduncles ana ɗauke sama da matakin ganye, lokacin farin ciki. |
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari | Babba mai girman gaske, mai nauyin 60 g ko fiye. Siffar mai siffar mazugi ce ko ta tsefe, launi mai duhu ja ne. Theangaren litattafan almara yana da m, mai daɗi, mai taushi, amma ba ya gudana. Aroanshi yana da haske. |
yawa | 700-800 g daga daji 1 |
Lokacin hunturu | Yayi kyau |
Hakurin fari | Yayi kyau |
Rigakafi | Babban don kusan dukkanin cututtukan fungal. A lokacin bazara mai damina, zai iya shafar lalacewar launin toka. |
Jigilar kaya | Matsakaici |
Dalilin 'ya'yan itatuwa | Duniya |
Dangane da martani na lambu da yawa, iri iri na Xima shine mafi kyau a layin Wim. Girman 'ya'yan itace, musamman ma farkon zaba, yana ba da tunanin, kuma dandano ya wuce yabo... Kyakkyawan juriya na nau'ikan ya sauƙaƙe daidaita shi don girma a yawancin yankuna na Rasha.
Kula da iri na dogon lokaci fruiting
Tsawon lokacin da strawberry take ba da fruita fruitan kuma mafi girman shi ya samar da fruita fruitan, yawancin abincin da yake buƙata. Ingantattun nau'ikan gyaran murya da sauti ba su da isasshen yanayin ruwa, albarkatun ƙasa da ƙarfinsu don ci gaba da samar da amfanin gona. saboda haka lokacin da ake shuka irin wannan strawberries, ban ruwa da takin zamani sun zo kan gaba.
Ciyarwa mai yawa ana buƙata a duk tsawon lokacin girma, gami da furanni, saiti da yayan itacen, yalwata da barin shuka ya huta. Ana buƙatar aikace-aikacen kowane wata na hadaddun NPK, da magnesium, calcium, boron, iron da manganese. Tabbas, irin wannan amfani da takin mai ma'adinai yana da sakamako mara kyau. Don neman girbi, zaku iya "kashe" ƙasa akan shafin a cikin fewan shekaru.
A irin wannan yanayin, fasahohin zamani suna iya taimakawa - takin zamani tare da ɗaukar tsawan lokaci. Misali, APION... Wannan gajartawa na nufin atomatik feed osmosis famfo... Wannan cikakkiyar taki ce, wacce ke ƙunshe cikin ƙwallan dosing mai taushi. An binne ƙwallo ɗaya ƙarƙashin bishiyar strawberry, kuma ana fitar da takin mai magani a cikin ma'auni mai ƙarfi gwargwadon lokacin.
An halicci tsarin ba da ruwa mafi dacewa ta amfani da tsarin ɗigon ruwa. Don noman nasara na strawberries tare da dogon nau'in 'ya'yan itace, shigar da irin wannan tsarin shine kawai ya zama dole.
Karin kwari na Wim
Vima strawberry iri, kamar kowane, ana iya kai masa hari ta hanyar kwari.
Miyar Strawberry
Mata na wannan kwari suna yin kama a kan samari, har yanzu ba a buɗe ganye ba. Ickangaren mulkin mallaka yana tsotse ruwan ruwan ƙwaya, yashe curl, 'ya'yan itacen suna da daɗin zama kuma sun zama ƙarami.
Don magance ƙwayoyin strawberry a farkon bazara, lokacin da ganye suka fara bayyana, ana yi musu magani da Karbofos, kuma kafin a yi furanni - tare da Neoron.
Strawberry nematode
Tsuntsu ne mai juyawa wanda ke rayuwa a cikin tushen tushen shuka. Tsire-tsiren da abin ya shafa yana da ƙarfi da ƙarfi, yana raunana, yana da nakasa kuma nan da nan ya mutu... Nematodes suna ninkawa da sauri, don haka idan kun lura da wani daji mai cuta a shafin, kuna buƙatar hanzarta tono shi ku ƙone shi.
Babu takamaiman magani don nematode, amma don rigakafin zaka iya shuka marigolds a kewayen kewayen gadaje na strawberry.
Weevils (giwaye)
Mata na kwari suna yin ƙwai a cikin bishiyar strawberry, kuma ƙwayoyin da suka kyankyashe suna cin su daga ciki. Saboda haka, idan tsire-tsire ta kai hari ga tsire-tsire, zaku iya rasa amfanin gona tuni a matakin fure.
Maganin Fitoverm, wanda ke buƙatar kula da tsirrai a cikin yanayin toho da lokacin fure, yana taimakawa sosai daga giwaye. A cewar lura da lambu, abin ban mamaki tsoratar da bishiyun bishiyar - lambun daisies, wanda aka dasa a kan strawberries.
Aphid
Wani tsotsar kwari da mai dauke da kwayar cutar. Aphids za a iya kayar da Fitoverm iri ɗaya ko magungunan jama'a... Misali, toka da sabulu maganin. Ki murza sabulun gida, ko sabulun da ya fi kyau, a gauraya shi da gilashin toka sannan a narkar da shi a cikin lita 3 na ruwa. Dukkanin bishiyoyin strawberry suna da kyau tare da sakamakon abun da ke ciki.
Reviews of Wima strawberry iri
Anna: Na san Rina da Tanda sosai, sun yi shekaru 5 suna haɓaka a rukunin yanar gizo na. A lokacin zafi lokacin bazarar da ta gabata, Tanda ta gasa, amma Rina ta tsira kuma ta ba da 'ya'ya har zuwa tsakiyar Oktoba. A cire kore berries ripened a cikin kwanaki 2.
Victoria: daga manyan bishiyoyin da aka dasa a cikin shekara guda Gigantella, Chamora Tarusi da Vima Ksima. Na biyun kawai bai ɓata rai ba. Daga cikin dukkan ƙattai - na baya-bayan nan, amma mafi ɗanɗano.
Sergei: Rina, Zantu da Tardu an dasa su ne a gonaki a Jamhuriyar Mari El. A yankinmu, dole ne mu bar su. Sun yi balaguro sosai, ba su sami abun ciki na sukari ba, kuma an lalata su sosai. Wataƙila a cikin wasu yankuna sun fi kyau wajen sakin damar su.
Valentina: Vima Zanta iri ne masu ɗanɗano! A cikin shekaru biyu na farko bayan dasa shuki, Berry tana da girma sosai, amma sai aka murkushe ta, yawan amfanin gona ya ragu. Yi haƙuri, amma dole ne a cire shi.
Nikolay: Zanta kawai baiwar Allah ce don gidan yanar gizo. Dandanon sabo ne da sarrafawa yana da kyau kwarai! Tsayayya ga launin toka da tushen cututtuka. Amma bai dace sosai da noman masana'antu ba, an cire shi ba tare da ɓoye ba, ana safarar shi da kyau.
Michael: Vima Xima babban iri ne! Gandun daji suna da iko, 'ya'yan itacen berries suna da kyau, masu daɗi, ba crunchy, masu daɗi. An ɗauki wasu kofe kuma an yi musu barkwanci: ba strawberries ba, amma 'ya'yan itacen strawberry! Yawan ya kai gram 100-120. Katuwar gaske.
Kammalawa
Manyan-'ya'yan itace masu ban sha'awa na jerin bishiyoyi na jerin Vima basu dace da mazaunan bazara waɗanda ke ziyartar wurin da ƙarancin "hari" ba. Suna buƙatar kulawa da yawa da kulawa.... Wasu lokuta sukan zama “masu kamewa”, suna daidaitawa da yanayin gida. Amma idan kun sami damar yin abokantaka da su, nau'ikan Vima suna rama duk ƙoƙari tare da girbi mai kyau na kyawawan 'ya'yan itace.