Tumatir na daya daga cikin lafiyayyun kayan lambu da ake amfani dasu. Saboda yawan abubuwan bitamin, ma'adanai, fiber, amino acid, yana daya daga cikin abinci goma masu amfani, musamman idan aka sha sabo. Nasarorin kwararru na masu kiwo suna ba da damar shuka nau'o'in tumatir masu amfani har ma a yanayin sanyi na Siberia, ɗayan waɗannan tumatir shine la-la-fa matasan f 1, bayanin halayen da zaku koya daga labarin.
Bayani da halaye na nau'ikan La-la-fa
Tumatir "La-la-fa" - a matasan, aka ci shi musamman don girma a cikin greenhouses. Nau'ikan iri-iri sun dace da girma a cikin mawuyacin yanayin yanayi; an ba da izinin dumama ɗakunan shan iska don samun babban amfanin ƙasa. Rashin dacewa da kyakkyawar gabatarwar tumatir, yiwuwar noman masana'antu, yasa ya zama maslaha ga masu lambun Siberia.
"La-la-fa" iri-iri ne na tsakiyar lokaci, kwanaki 110-120 sun wuce daga bayyanar harbe-harbe na farko zuwa nunannun 'ya'yan itatuwa, kuma ana iya ganin tumatir na farko da ya nuna bayan kwana 100.
Bushes na nau'in ƙayyadaddun, ya kai mita 1.5 a tsayi, sabili da haka, garter don tallafawa ko cin mutunci ya zama dole. Za a iya samun kyakkyawan sakamakon yawan amfanin ƙasa lokacin da aka kafa shuka a cikin kututturan 2, harbe a kaikaice yana buƙatar ƙwanƙwasawa. Ganga tare da taƙaitaccen internodes. Ana yin goge tare da ovaries bayan ganye 8-9, sannan tare da tazarar ganye 2; adadin ovaries 4-6.
'Ya'yan itacen sun fi girma, zagaye, an daidaita su kaɗan, launuka ja mai haske, ba tare da koren tabo a kusa da sandar. Nauyin 'ya'yan itace daya daga 140 zuwa 160g. Kusan dukkanin tumatir suna da girma iri ɗaya, kuma suna da kyakkyawar gabatarwa, an kwashe su da kyau kuma an adana su - idan an lura da yanayin da ya dace, ana iya adana amfanin gonar har na tsawon watanni 2, yayin da ɗanɗano da bayyanar suka kasance cikakke.
Af, dandano da ƙanshin waɗannan tumatir ana faɗin tumatir ne, na ɗabi'a, wanda ya banbanta su da kyau da sauran nau'o'in greenhouse. Theangaren litattafan almara na jiki ne kuma mai matsakaici mai laushi, fanko ba ta nan gaba ɗaya, wanda shi ma irin wannan tumatir ne kaɗai. Ana iya amfani da 'ya'yan itacen don kowane dalili - sabo ne, don salads, gwangwani, yin ƙuli, ketchups, ruwan tumatir.
Hakanan yawan amfanin ƙasa zaiyi farinciki kuma ya bawa lambu mamaki - 3-4 kilogiram daga kowane daji, wanda yake kusan kilo 20 daga 1 sq. m a kowane lokaci (ba shakka, a ƙarƙashin duk bukatun fasahar aikin gona).
Da dabara na girma tumatir
Tunda wannan nau'ikan nau'ikan ya kasance musamman don girma a cikin greenhouses, akwai wasu bambance-bambance a cikin fasahar aikin gona daga wasu nau'o'in.
Tumatir ana shuka shi ne a cikin shuka, ana shuka iri kusan kwanaki 60 kafin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa.
Shirye-shiryen ƙasa
Dole ne a shirya ƙasa a gaba. Cakuda mai hade da aka saya, ko aka shirya da hannu, ya dace. A cikin rabo 1: 1, an dauki ƙasa da humus, an ƙara gilashin yashi 1-2, ɗan toka kuma an gauraya shi da kyau. An cika mahaɗin a cikin kwantena na filastik ko kwalaye na katako tare da ramuka magudana. A lokacin shuka iri, ya kamata kasar ta dumi har zuwa zafin jiki na digiri 18-20.
Shuka iri
Tsaba na wannan nau'ikan basa buƙatar soaking ko wani shiri. Ana saka busassun hatsi a cikin ƙasa mai danshi zuwa zurfin 1.5-2 cm, an rufe shi da fim mai haske kuma an saka shi a wuri mai dumi. Yanayin da ya fi dacewa don shuka ƙwayayen tumatir Lyalafa (a cewar masana) digiri 28-29 ne.
Harbe na farko sun bayyana a ranar 7-8th. Ya kamata a samar da itacen da dumi da haske, lokutan hasken rana ya zama kimanin awanni 14. Idan hasken duniya bai isa ba, kuna buƙatar amfani da wucin gadi.Lokacin da ganyen gaskiya na farko 2-3 suka bayyana, ana dasa shukokin cikin kofuna daban ko wasu kwantena.
Saukowa a cikin ƙasa
An dasa shuki na tumatir a cikin greenhouses a cikin ƙasa yana da shekaru 50. Ba za ku iya yin tauri ba, saboda yana jure tasirin yanayin waje da kyau. Dazuzzuka suna da girma ƙwarai da gaske, don haka babu fiye da guda 4 a cikin murabba'in mita 1. Tazarar jere mafi kyau shine 70 cm, kuma a jere tsakanin dazuzzuka - 50 cm.
Furtherarin kula da tsire-tsire ya ƙunshi yin ruwa daidai da lokaci, sassauta ƙasa, da cire ciyawar. Yayin da yake girma, ya zama dole a gudanar da garter na shuke-shuke da samar da daji tare da taimakon tsunkule. Goge shuke-shuke suna da ƙarfi, a sauƙaƙe nauyin 4-6 cikakke manyan fruitsa fruitsan itace (wannan kusan kilogram 1 ne), amma ɗaurewa zai taimaka kare karyayyen tushe daga lalacewar haɗari
Aƙalla sau 3 kana buƙatar ciyarwa tare da hadaddun takin mai ma'adinai: kwanaki 10-12 bayan dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa, yayin samuwar kwayayen, yayin lokacin girma na noman. Wannan zai tabbatar da yawan tumatir.
Iri-iri iri-iri da rashin amfani
A kan taron tattaunawar, galibi ana yin kyakkyawan nazari game da tumatirin La-la-fa. Suna nuna kyakkyawan sakamako har ma a cikin greenhouses masu haske a cikin yanayin sanyi. Abubuwan fa'idodi sun haɗa da:
- mai kyau barga matakin;
- dandano 'ya'yan itace dandano;
- kar a fasa;
- ci gaba da gabatarwa na dogon lokaci;
- jure wasu cututtuka.
A matasan ba mai saukin kamuwa da cutar rashin ƙarfi, cututtukan fungal, fusarium, cladosporium, mosaic na taba, da ruɓaɓɓen ruɓaɓɓu.
Dangane da ɗanɗano, rashin daidaituwa, yawan amfanin ƙasa a cikin mawuyacin yanayin yanayi, yawancin lambu sun so matasan. Babban abu shine cewa zaka iya samun girbi mai kyau a cikin greenhouse daga ƙarshen Yuli zuwa ƙarshen Satumba.