Inabi ya kasance sananne ne koyaushe don dandano mai ban sha'awa da fa'idodin lafiyarsa. Akwai nau'ikan inabin duhu Codryanka, wanda ake buƙata akan kasuwa don ɗanɗano da gabatarwar. Yawancin lambu da yawa suna ɗaukar noman wannan iri-iri, me ya kamata ku sani don samun girbi mai kyau? Ari game da bayanin iri-iri.
Bayanin nau'in innabi Codrianka
An samo ire-iren ta hanyar tsallakawa ta hanyar haɗin gwiwa fiye da shekaru 50 da suka wuce a Moldova. Ya zama yaɗuwa a cikin USSR da ƙasashen waje, inda aka san shi da suna "Black Magic". Inabin innabin "Moldova" da "Marshal" sune asalin asalin jinsinsu.
Abubuwan gado waɗanda aka samo daga siffofin iyaye:
- Matsakaicin juriya mai sanyi (-23 ° С)
- bishiyoyin bunches suna da ƙarfi kuma suna da ƙarfi, kar a fasa ƙarƙashin nauyin 'ya'yan itacen
- kaya a kan babban harbi matsakaici ne
- manyan-'ya'yan itace
- juriya da cuta
- farkon nunawa (kwanaki 110 - 120, Agusta, 'ya'yan itace har zuwa ƙarshen Satumba farkon Oktoba)
- bushes girma sosai
Halayen mutum iri-iri:
- matsakaicin nauyi da tsari na gungu a kan daji
- daga 500 zuwa 600 g nauyin daya bunch
- yawan amfanin ƙasa (50 kg / ha)
- Fruiting a cikin shekara ta biyu
Inabi a wuri guda zaka iya girma har zuwa shekaru 30, idan kuna lura da yanayin ƙasa kuma ku kiyaye danshi da abubuwan gina jiki gwargwadon iko.
Inabin ya dace da girma a yankuna uku na Rasha: North Caucasian, Nizhnevolzhsky, Uralsky. Yayi girma cikin ni'ima a cikin Ukraine, a tsakiya da kudancin Belarus, haka kuma a Moldova.
Abun cikin manyan abubuwa:
- Sugar abun ciki - 18 - 20%
- Acid abun ciki 6 - 7.5 g / l
- Ruwa - 79.9%
- Sunadaran - 0.6 g / 100g
- Fat - 0.6 g / 100g
Halaye na berries
- 1 - 2 tsaba a cikin Berry daya
- nauyin 'ya'yan itace 6 - 8 g
- berries ba su fada kashe na dogon lokaci lokacin da cikakke, šauki har zuwa kwanaki 25
- hali ga ƙananan samuwar 'ya'yan itace, wake, a cikin yanayi mara kyau da kulawa
- a fruitan heighta fruitan itace 3.2 cm, faɗi 2 cm, elongated shape, ovoid
- Berry launi duhu purple
- ɓangaren litattafan almara
- fata mai kyau tare da matsakaicin kakin zuma
- sauki jituwa dandano
Fa'idodi da rashin amfani
Abubuwan fa'idodi iri-iri sun haɗa da, da farko:
- yawan amfanin ƙasa
- da kyau adana batun yanayin zafin jiki mafi kyau da zafi
- lalacewar sufuri kadan ne
- tsayayya da zazzabi - 23 ° С
- dandano mai dadi
- farkon nunannisa da lokacin 'ya'yan itace masu tsawo
- jure cututtukan inabi tare da mildew da launin toka
Usesananan
- tare da kulawar da ba ta isa ba, an kafa ƙananan fruitsa fruitsan itace, wanda ya rage buƙata a kasuwa. Amma ta amfani da gibberellins, an warware wannan matsalar.
- yana buƙatar mafaka a yankuna inda yanayin zafin jiki ya sauka da fiye da -24 ° C, wanda ke haifar da tsadar kayan aiki
Tsarin al'adu
Inabin ya fi girma ne ta hanyar yankansa.
Ana yin noman iri, amma a wannan yanayin 'ya'yan inabi ba za su ƙara zama nau'ikan Codryanka ba. Zai kasance yana da halaye daban-daban da fasali daban-daban, tun da ana yin zaɓe yayin rarar iri. Kuma wannan yana haifar da canji ga kayan kwayar halitta. Masu kiwo suna tsunduma cikin nunan inabi daga tsaba.
Lokacin sayen kayan dasa, musamman tsire-tsire na shekara-shekara, ya kamata ku kula da bayyanar al'adun.
Dole ne tsiron ya cika waɗannan buƙatu masu zuwa:
- bai kamata shuka ta sami wasu cututtukan da za a iya gani ba, ciwace-ciwacen daji da duk wata illa ta inji
- tsarin tushen ya kamata ya sami ingantaccen tushen asali da ƙananan ƙananan fibrous
- babban harbi yakamata ya kasance mai ƙarfi kuma, ya wuce sauran a tsayi kuma yana da shugabanci na tsaye
- ya kamata a sami 2 - 3 lafiyayyun buds da tsire-tsire
Zaɓin shafin
Abubuwan buƙatun asali don zaɓin rukunin yanar gizo:
- shafin ya haskaka sosai
- taimako ba tare da bambance-bambance bayyane ba, saukowa kan gangaren 11 - 12 ° mai yiwuwa ne
- kasar da ke shafin ba za ta kasance mai gishiri ba
- ruwan karkashin kasa ya fi duka tushen tsirrai
- m adadin weeds
Dasa shuki
Dasa Inabi zai iya faruwa a lokacin bazara, lokacin da yanayin ƙasa yakai 10 °, ko kuma a lokacin faduwar kafin sanyi. Wata da rana sun banbanta da yanki.
- An haƙa rami 80 cikin 80 cm a girman, sau biyu zurfin tushen tsarin. A lokacin bazara, ana haƙa ramuka kwanaki 14 kafin saukowa daga jirgin.
- An keɓe rijiyoyin na tsawon awanni 2 - 3, yayin da ake shayar dasu sau 3 - 4
- Tare da taimakon tsakuwa, tubalin da ya karye, ko kuma tarkace, an kirkiri wani magudanan ruwa mai fadin 4 - 6 cm
- Bugu da ari, ana amfani da ƙasa mai ni'ima ga magudanar ruwa, tare da ƙarin takin gargajiya da na ma'adinai. An nuna farashin aikace-aikacen taki akan fakitin.
- An saukar da al'adun cikin rami, daidaita tushen, kuma an lulluɓe shi da ƙasa, yana haifar da baƙin ciki a kusa da shi.
- Ruwa mai yawa.
- A saman akwai shimfidar mulching - ragowar sako, bambaro.
Makircin dasa Inabi
Bari muyi la'akari da makirci biyu masu girma:
Hanyar saukowa ta yau da kullun
An dasa al'adun ne a jere na shuke-shuke biyu a cikin tsarin abin dubawa. Tazarar tazara tazarar 2.4 m, tsakanin tsirrai 0.65 m. Ko kuma kawai a jere shuka daya a lokaci guda, tazarar tazarar 2.5 m, tsakanin tsirrai 1.5 - 2. Wannan wata hanya ce ta girma a fagen.
Hanyar dasa Trellis
A wannan yanayin, shukar ta samar da bango kore daga gonar inabin, tazara tsakanin tsirrai yakai mita 1.5. Ya dace da girma a gida.
Kula da matasa da kuma balaga vines
Ruwa na yau da kullun ne, ana yin sa yayin da hazo ya fadi. Lita 5 a kowace shuka, ya danganta da yanayin. Yakamata a kula da danshi na ƙasa. Takin ma'adinai: a bazara lallai ya zama nitrogen, bayan kwana 20 nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, bayan kwanaki 30 phosphorus potassium.
A farkon nunan inabi, kada ku ƙara nitrogen, wannan zai haɓaka haɓakar koren taro kuma ya raunana ci gaban 'ya'yan itatuwa. Zasu rasa yawa da dandano.
A matakin farko na rayuwa, ya zama dole a gudanar da buɗaɗɗen tsari don ƙirƙirar siffar daji da ake so.
Kula da manyan bishiyoyi sun ɗan bambanta. Shayar, takin gargajiya iri daya. Girbewa daban. Akwai akasari iri iri na yankewa:
- Pruning na shekara-shekara ya zama dole don kula da siffar daji.
- Fitarwa pruning. Ana aiwatar da shi don maye gurbin tsofaffin harbe-harbe da matasa.
- Tsaftar tsafta. Marasa lafiya, marasa iya harbe an cire.
Hanyoyin haifuwa
Sake haifuwa ana yin sa ne ta hanyar sanya shi da kuma yanka. Don yada tsire-tsire ta hanyar yanke, harbe tare da 2 - 3 buds an yanke, to, tushen. Don haifuwa, ana cire harbe daga sassa daban-daban na tsire-tsire ta hanyar yadudduka, suna jingina da ƙasa tare da ƙwayoyinsu kuma suna barci, samuwar asalinsu yana faruwa. Bayan samuwar tushen da tushe, an yanke yanke.
Cututtuka da kwari
Lalacewa ta hanyar cuta: rubella, cutar kanjamau, chlorosis, anthracnose, bacteriosis. Akwai masanan sunadarai da na ilmin halitta da ke yakar waɗannan cututtukan.
Inabi ba shi da kariya daga cututtukan fure da launin toka; an ba da shawarar rigakafin waɗannan cututtukan. Ta hanyar magance tsire-tsire tare da magungunan ƙwari akan waɗannan ƙa'idodin ƙwayoyin cuta, sau 2 a shekara.
Kwari cutarwa: miyar gizo-gizo, phyloxera. Tare da taimakon ingantaccen maganin ƙasa na shekara-shekara, an rage ƙofar cutarwar waɗannan kwari.
A gida, suna amfani da magungunan gargajiya don yaƙi da ƙwari da cututtuka.
Inabin Codreanka iri ne na kwarai waɗanda koyaushe zasu shahara saboda halayensu da dandano da ba za a iya musanya su ba. Kowane mai lambu mai son iya ciyar da wannan al'adun.