Idan kanaso mu dandana da kankana cikakke, sai mu nufi kasuwanni ko manyan kantunan. Amma a wannan yanayin, babu tabbacin cewa samfurin da aka siya ba zai cutar da lafiyarmu ba. Wannan shine ainihin abin da yake tilasta mutane da yawa suyi tunani game da yiwuwar shuka irin wannan amfanin a cikin makircinsu. Kuma a nan batutuwan shirin agrotechnical sun dace. Ba kowa ya sani bane idan akwai bukatar tsunkule kankanayadda ake yinta daidai. A halin yanzu, gogaggen lambu sun tabbatar da cewa noman kankana ba shi da wahala kamar noman tumatir.
Me yasa nake buƙatar tsunduma tsire-tsire na kankana a cikin buɗaɗɗen fili?
Kankana tana dauke da tsire-tsire masu ban sha'awa, dole ne a girma cikin yanayin greenhouse ko a waje a yankunan da ke da yanayi mai kyau.
Baya ga dukkan siffofin shuka da girma, akwai hanya don cinye kankana... Wannan tsari, bisa mahimmanci, yayi kama da tsire-tsire na wasu albarkatu (kankana, barkono mai ƙararrawa mai daɗi, da sauransu).
Yana bawa thea fruitan fastera fruitan damar girma da sauri, samun zaƙi da juiciness.
Hankali: idan ana aiwatar da namo a cikin wani greenhouse, to, ba a yarda da yin pinching ba. Ana ɗaukar sa a matsayin tilas ga yankuna na arewa.
Pinching wannan Berry din yana bashi damar jagorantar dukkan kuzarinsa zuwa samuwar 'ya'yan itatuwa, kuma kar ya gina koren taro mai yawa.
Yayin wannan aikin, kwayayen haihuwa biyu ko uku sun kasance a kan harbi, iyakantattun fruitsa fruitsan itace da harbeka suna ci gaba akan shuka.
Abin da iri ke buƙatar tsunkule
Yin tsunkule ana yin shi ne bisa yanayin nau'ikan noma da yanayin damina. Hanyar wajibi ne don manyan iri, misali wanda za'a iya la'akari dashi "Astrakhansky".
Iri-iri da ke buƙatar hasken rana da dumi da yawa suna girma da sauri kuma ana ɗaukarsu da daɗin daɗi. A yankunanmu, sanyi yana zuwa da wuri, saboda haka ya zama dole don taimakawa tsire-tsire su yi girma yayin da ranaku ke da dumi.
Lokacin da ake yin irin waɗannan nau'ikan kankana, ana ba da shawarar a bar Berry ɗaya a lokaci ɗaya don su ɗanɗana, nauyi su cika.
Don tsabta, ana nuna fasalin nau'in nau'in nau'in a cikin tebur:
Yankin girma | Iri-iri | Fasali |
Na Arewa | Helen, Twinkle, Sugar Kid, Dolby | Dole a bar fruitsa fruitsa ɗaya ko biyu a kan harbi |
Kudu | Sanyi, Yayi kyau | An ba shi izinin barin har zuwa 'ya'yan itace huɗu |
Yadda ake aiwatar da aikin matse kankana: zane
Wasu lambu suna tunanin cewa irin wannan hanya na iya cutar da shukar, ta lalata amfanin gona gaba ɗaya. Amma idan kun bi ƙa'idodin da aka kafa, to yawan amfanin gona zai karu ne kawai.
Ana ba da shawarar yin nazarin 'yan ƙa'idodi na asali da makircin matsewa:
- kankana tana girma musamman akan babban harbi;
- ba a bar kwai hudu ba a kowane daji;
- lokacinda ake yin kwayayen farko, ana sarrafa lashes;
- cire babban toho... Bai kamata a yi haka ba, tunda an riga an san cewa babban harbi ne yake ba da 'ya'ya;
- cire cirewa... Tsarin aikin tilas ne, tunda yana ba da izinin dukkan ƙarfin tsire-tsire don samar da amfanin gona;
- cire bakararre... Ana yin wannan bayan ƙarancin pollin ya wuce kuma ƙwai ya bayyana, wanda ya kamata a barshi cikin mafi kyau duka. Dole ne a bincika daji kowane mako, cire harbe na gefe don ba da damar 'ya'yan itatuwa su yi girma zuwa girman da ake so;
- tsunkulewar kwarangwal... A wannan yanayin, lashes na gefe ya kasance akan babban harbi. Kwayar 'ya'yan itacen ta bayyana a kansu, amma dole ne a cire harbe daga babban tushe. Gabaɗaya, ba fiye da 'ya'yan itacen shida ya kamata su kasance akan tsiren, biyu a bulala.
Tsunkule saman na ganye uku... Ana cire ayyukan wuce haddi tare da almakashi. Branching daji yana ba ka damar samun girbi mai kyau. Mafi kyaun ganyayyakin da suka rage na taimakawa tsire don ciyarwa da hana shi bushewa.
Ana yin pinching a yanayin ranata yadda yankin da ya ji rauni zai iya bushewa da sauri. A ranakun da ake ruwan sama, ruɓuwa na iya bayyana, kuma yiwuwar cututtukan yana ƙaruwa.
Cire kankana bayan saita 'ya'yan itacen:
Yadda ake kirkirar bulala mai kankana yadda yakamata
Don samun nasarar noman kankana a yankunan tsakiyar latitude, ya zama dole a samar da daji daidai. Akwai manyan hanyoyi guda uku don wannan:
- A kan babban harbi na shuka 'Ya'yan itace guda uku sun kasance idan iri-iri masu yawa-itedaitedan itace, kuma basu wuce ovaries shida ba lokacinda kankana ta karami. Tsarin layin ya kasance ba tare da kwai ba, akwai manyan ganye guda huɗu kawai, sauran harbi suna tsinkewa. Irin wannan bulalan zai taimaka wa shuka ta ci da kyau. Lokacin da fruitsa fruitsan itacen suka fara samun nauyi, ana cire ƙananan harbe a hankali.
- Ana cire lashes na gefe daga daji, kwayayen da ke kan babban kara ya kasance bayan ganye biyar. An ba da shawarar kada a manta cewa yayin lokacin haɓaka, daji na iya ba da sabbin newa stepan stepaura. Ana kuma yanke su, suna nazarin shuka akai-akai.
- Gogaggen lambu bar gefen lashes, saboda wannan shine wurin da aka kafa 'ya'yan itace. Amma daga babban harbi, an cire dukkan kwayayen. Bayan jiran daji don samun nauyi kuma fara ƙirƙirar inflorescences na farko, bar furanni huɗu zuwa shida, dangane da tsire-tsire iri-iri.
Samuwar kankana a cikin fili:
Ya kamata a sami 'ya'ya ɗaya ko biyu a lash... Duk an harbe harbe-harben, ana barin ganye uku zuwa hudu sama da kwan. Ana cire stepan rago masu yawa tare da almakashi.
Da zaran 'ya'yan kankana sun fara yin kiba, dole ne a dakatar da duk wata hanyar cushewa. Shuka ta fara samun ƙarfi.
Idan ka wuce gona da iri, kuma zuwa lokacin da berries suka girma, ƙaramin adadin ganye ya rage akan daji, ana bada shawarar a harbe harbin kansa, wanda yake sama da fruita fruitan itacen.
Wannan matakin zai taimaka wajen tsokanar samuwar sabbin ganye, wadanda suke wajaba ga kowane shuka don ci gaban al'ada.
An zaɓi zaɓin pinching bisa horar da iri-iri, yanayi da yanayi. Dabarar da ta dace an ƙaddara ta gwaji.
A karo na farko, an dasa dazuzzuka da yawa, a kan kowane ɗayan ana amfani da ɗayan nau'ikan tsunkule. A ƙarshen kakar, ana kwatanta amfanin ƙasa kuma an yanke shawarar da ta dace.
Bayan irin wadannan abubuwan Girbin da ke kan kankana zai yawaita da daɗi koyaushe.