A dabi'a, rumman ke tsirowa cikin sifar itace ko shrub... Al'adar ta samo sunanta ne daga kalmar Latin "pomegranate", wacce ke nufin ingantacciyar hanya.
'Ya'yan wannan tsire suna da girma ƙwarai, fentin su cikin jan ja ko launin burgundy. Pulullen rumman ya ƙunshi ƙananan ƙananan hatsi da yawa.
A dabi'a, rumman suna tsiro a kan gangaren dutse ko a cikin ƙasa mai duwatsu, wanda ke bayyana rashin dacewar shuka ga yanayin yanayi da yanayin ƙasa.
Shima irin wannan itace daidai dacewa da microclimate.
Bayanin dwarf pomegranate
Dwarf pomegranate girma kai tsaye ya dogara da nau'ikan, matsakaita mita 1 ne. Furen rumman sun cancanci kulawa ta musamman.
A bishiya ɗaya, iri biyu ne na furanni a take:
- akan wasu furanni akwai pistil da stamens, ovaries suna yinsu akan su kuma daga baya fruitsa fruitsan itace suna bayyana, fasalinsu yayi kama da lili na ruwa;
- wani nau'in yana kama da kararrawa, amma furannin ba su da jima'i kuma suna da aikin ado kawai.
Furannin suna da launi a cikin haske, launin ja kuma sun kai santimita 3 a diamita.
Masana kimiyya sun kira 'ya'yan rumman "rumman", sun kai santimita 18 a diamita. Fatar irin waɗannan fruitsa isan itacen yana da ƙarfi sosai, launinsa ya bambanta daga ruwan hoda mai haske zuwa ja mai duhu.
A cikin fruita onean itace guda ɗaya, za'a iya samun hatsi har 1200, waɗanda aka lulluɓe su da m, harsashi na nama. Anɗar ɓangaren litattafan almara na da daɗi da ɗaci, mai daɗaɗuwa da wartsakewa; irin waɗannan 'ya'yan itatuwa galibi ana amfani da su don yin ruwan' ya'yan itace.
A cikin gida, an daddafa pomegranate kamar furannin cikin gida, kuma bayyanar ofa fruitan itace isari mai daɗi.
Shin zai yiwu a yi shuka a cikin gida?
Abu ne mai yiwuwa a girma rumman a gida, a tsakanin dukkanin bishiyoyin fruita fruitan itace waɗanda suke girma a gida, rumman shine mafi ƙarancin kyau.
Abu ne mai sauqi ka kula da irin wannan tsiron kuma zaka iya samun 'ya'yan itace masu daxi ba tare da qoqari ba.
Nanaananan rumman "Nana" sun girma a cikin gida.... Sun fara yin fure bayan sun kai tsawon santimita 40, yayin da suke dauke da 'ya'yan itacen da za'a ci guda 10, wanda ya banbanta da bishiyoyin lambu kawai a cikin girman (santimita 5-6 a diamita).
Yawancin lokaci, irin waɗannan pomegranate suna girma a gida:
- Alba bauta - Wannan nau'ikan ba ya 'ya'ya kuma ana girma ne don manyan furanni masu kyau. Ana halayyar su da tsarin terry da launi mai tsami, kuma zasu iya kaiwa diamita har zuwa santimita 6. Ganye na wannan nau'ikan suna da banƙyama, masu ɗimbin yawa, masu ƙyalli, masu ɗan elongated, suna da launi mai launi mai kyau. Abubuwan da aka bambanta a cikin nau'ikan shine yana girma cikin sauri, amma idan ana so, ana iya dakatar da wannan tsari ta hanyar dasa shukar a cikin ƙaramin akwati.
- Carthage da Jariri - mafi yawan nau'ikan cikin gida, bishiyoyi suna girma har zuwa santimita 50 a tsayi, kodayake akwai samfuran samfuran da girmansu ya kai mita 1. Ana lura da adon furanni da yawa akan waɗannan tsire-tsire, kuma fruitsa fruitsan itace suna farawa tun daga shekara 2.
Kodayake gaskiyar cewa furanni da dama dozin na iya yin fure a lokaci ɗaya, a kan matsakaita, an kafa ƙwayayen ovaries 3-4.
Dokokin shuki na rumman
Don shuka rumman dwarf zaka iya amfani da tsaba da aka siya a shagon... Mafi kyawun lokacin shuka shuki shine farkon watan Afrilu.
Ana zuba magudanar ruwa a ƙasan kwalin ko akwatin, sa'annan a tsaftace yashi kogi, wanda a ciki ake shuka 'ya'yan rumman da mililimita 5. Sa'annan kasar gona tana da laushi an rufe ta da fim ko gilashi, wannan ya zama dole don cin nasarar tasirin greenhouse.
Bayan harbe-harben farko sun bayyana, kuna buƙatar jira wasu makonni 2, saboda harbin rumman ya bayyana a hankali.
Da zaran 5-6 lafiyayyun ganye sun bayyana akan shukokin, ana iya dasa shi zuwa tukwane daban, a kasan wanda aka zuba magudanan ruwa kuma an shirya cakuda kasar daga:
- Sassan 2 citrus ƙasa;
- 1 yashi yashi;
- 1 bangare vermicompost.
Bayan itacen yana cikin tukunya, ya zama dole ruwa yalwa don taimakawa farkon rooting.
Idan anyi amfani da yankan a matsayin kayan shuka, to lallai ne a sanya shi cikin yashi mai danshi kuma a rufe shi da gilashin gilashi.
Bayan kamar wata daya, ƙwayoyin farko zasu bayyana akan yankan, bayan haka ana iya dasa su zuwa tukwane daban. Rooting zai gudana da sauri idan aka sanya yankan a cikin mai kara kuzari na tsawon awanni 6 kafin a dasa.
Wannan hanyar ba ta da haɗari sosai., saboda a irin wannan yanayin ana kiyaye duk wasu halaye daban-daban na bishiyar uwa.
Kula da itacen gida
Domin ruman ya bunkasa da kyau kuma ya gamsu da bayyanarsa, dole ne ya samar da yanayin da ake buƙata.
Lokaci | Dokokin kulawa |
A lokacin bazara da bazara | Itacen yana buƙatar tsananin hasken rana gwargwadon iko, kuma idan yanayi yana da dumi a waje, matan gida da yawa suna ba da shawarar ɗaukar shukar zuwa cikin iska mai kyau, saboda waɗannan dalilai baranda na yau da kullun ko loggia cikakke ne. Hakanan, a wannan lokacin, shayar da rumman ya kamata ya zama na yau da kullun kuma yalwa, ba yadda za a bar ƙasa ta bushe. Yayin furanni da 'ya'yan itace sau 1 a cikin kwanaki 10-14 ana ciyar da itacen tare da takin mai magani mai rikitarwa. Mafi yawanci, ana amfani da taki na Etisso don rumman; ana sayar da shi iri biyu, duka na furanni da na koren shuke-shuke. Yana da kyau a tuna cewa yayin ba da 'ya'ya, ana shayar da rumman musamman a hankali, dole ne ƙasa ta kasance mai danshi, kuma yawan danshi na iya haifar da' ya'yan itacen. Baya ga shayarwa, ana yayyafa ruman da ruwan dumi sau daya a kowane sati biyu. |
A lokacin kaka da damuna | Da farkon kaka, itaciyar na iya yar da ganyenta ta shiga cikin hutu. don ƙirƙirar yanayi kusa da na halitta don bishiyar, rage adadin danshi da aka gabatar na kimanin watanni 2-3 kuma matsar da tukunyar zuwa wuri mai sanyi. Don shirya tsirrai don hunturu, ana shayar dashi tare da mullein jiko da aka shirya daga gram 100 na taki da lita 1 na ruwa. |
Bayan ƙarshen lokacin hutawa, kusan tsakiyar Fabrairu, ya zama dole a hankali ƙara adadin shayarwa kuma matsar da tsiron zuwa hasken rana.
Wani mahimmin kulawa shine zai zama yankan pruning.... Ruman pomegranate ya amsa da kyau ga irin wannan hanya kuma ana iya ba shi kusan kowane nau'i, zaɓin wanda ya dogara ne da fifiko na mutum.
Mafi yawan lokuta zaka iya samun rumman na cikin gida, kama da kamannin bishiyar bonsai. Ya kamata a yi yanke bishiyar a farkon bazara (farkon Maris) ko ƙarshen kaka (ƙarshen Disamba).
Ba a zaɓi irin waɗannan kwanakin kwatsam ba, don kada su lalata itacen, ana gudanar da aiki yayin da yake cikin hutawa, kuma babu ruwan ruwan da yake aiki.
Baya ga duk hanyoyin, har zuwa shekara 5, ana dasa rumman kowace shekara, a hankali yana kara girman tukunyar daga millilita 100 zuwa 500, yayin da yake da kyau a zabi sirar matsattsiyar akwati.
Maimakon sake dasa shuke-shuke manya, an maye gurbin saman gona.
Yadda ake tsiro da pomegranate na cikin gida:
Cututtuka da kwari
Rumman na cikin gida, kamar kowane irin shuka mai saukin kamuwa da bayyanar cututtuka daban-daban da kwariwanda kuke buƙatar kawar da shi da wuri-wuri.
Mafi sau da yawa, ana samun cututtuka masu zuwa akan irin wannan shuka:
Cuta | Bayani | Hanyoyin fada |
Farin fure | Fure mai fari fari akan ganyen shuke-shuken da abin ya shafa, wanda akan sa ƙwallan ruwan kasa masu duhu. Powdery mildew yana haifar da fungi mai cutarwa. Yawancin lokaci, cutar tana bayyana ne saboda rashin iska mai kyau, canjin yanayi ko matakan ɗanshi a cikin ɗaki. Hakanan yana iya kamuwa da cuta daga wasu tsire-tsire ta ɗigon iska. | A matakan farko, maganin da aka yi daga gram 5 na tokar soda da lita 1 na ruwa yana taimakawa, haka nan za ku iya ƙara sabulu gram 5-10. Idan an yi watsi da furen fulawa, to zai zama dole don aiwatar da magani tare da sinadarai, misali, scor, topaz ko hom. |
Ciwon daji | Haushi a kan rassan yana fashewa kuma ana iya ganin ɓoyayyun ɓarnar a gefunan kwakwalwan. Dalilin irin wannan cuta na iya zama lalacewar inji ko sanyi. | Yana da matukar wahala ka rabu da wannan cutar, hanyar mafita ita ce ka yanke rassan da suka lalace da wuka mai kaifi a gonar, ka kula da raunin tare da maganin kashe cuta sannan ka sanya bakin fenti na lambun varnish. |
Matsayi akan ganye | Ananan wurare sun bayyana akan ganyayyaki, launin launinsa ya kasance daga rawaya zuwa launin ruwan kasa. Irin wannan lalacewar tana nuna yawan danshi na ƙasa. | Dole ne a dasa shukar cikin sabuwar ƙasa, idan lalacewa ta bazu zuwa asalinsu, sa'annan a cire sassan da abin ya shafa, kuma a yi wa yanke maganin tare da murƙushe kwal. |
Whitefly da aphids | Karin kwari na ciyar da ganyen bishiyar, wanda kuma hakan ke raunata shi sosai. | Idan akwai ƙananan kwari, to ana iya cire su da hannu. Ana tsabtace butterflies na manya tare da mai tsabtace tsabta, kuma zaka iya kawar da larvae da aphids ta hanyar kula da ganyen tare da maganin sabulun wanki. Hakanan zaka iya amfani da kwayoyi na musamman fitoverm, walƙiya, karbofos, da dai sauransu. Kare ƙasa tare da filastik filastik kafin kowane magani. |
Itacen rumman an ɗauke shi ɗayan tsire-tsire masu ban sha'awa na ado., amma a lokaci guda kulawa da shi abu ne mai sauki.
Baya ga 'ya'yan itacen da ake tsammani, yana da kyakkyawar bayyanar da ƙamshi.