Tumatir "Gulliver" shine farkon balaga, mai tabbatar da tumatir iri-iri, gwargwadon halaye - don greenhouses da fim na greenhouses. A cikin yankunan kudanci na ƙasar, ana iya nome shi a gadaje. Kodayake kwanan nan masu kiwon tumatir sun haɓaka shi, ya riga ya shahara tsakanin masu lambu saboda yawan amfanin ƙasa da kulawa mara kyau. Shuka, bisa ga bayanin, tana da ƙananan daji har zuwa 70 cm, ana amfani da shi zuwa mawuyacin yanayi sosai kuma yana da 'ya'yan itace masu ɗanɗano, mai daɗi.
Bayani da halayen tumatir Gulliver
An ba da shawarar don samar da tsire-tsire a cikin tushe 2 ko 3. Saboda ci gaban carpal, rassan suna yin nauyi yayin 'ya'yan itacen da suke girma, saboda haka suna bukatar a daure su.
Samun 'ya'yan itace yakan faru kwanaki 80 bayan farawar farko ta bayyana, kuma tumatir yana bada' ya'ya daga Yuli zuwa Oktoba. Tare da kulawa mai kyau daga daji, zaka iya tattarawa har zuwa 7 kilogiram tumatir.
Tumatir akan bushes an kafa shi cikin gungu na tumatir 4-6 a kowane gungu.
'Ya'yan itacen suna ja tare da fata mai kauri, tsayin' ya'yan itace masu tsayin 10-12 cm Tumatir na "Gulliver" iri-iri ne mai zagaye, tare da saman zagaye, mai jiki, mai girma.
Nauyi zai iya kaiwa daga gram 130 zuwa 200... 'Ya'yan itacen suna riƙe da surar su da kyau, ba sa fasawa, kuma cikin sauƙin haƙuri da sufuri. M, ɓangaren litattafan almara mai laushi yana da dandano mai ɗanɗano, mai daɗi. 'Ya'yan itacen suna cikakke don shirye-shirye a cikin nau'in tumatir, lecho, ruwan' ya'yan itace da gishiri mai sauƙi.
Fa'idodi da rashin amfani na nau'ikan
Anyi nau'in Gulliver iri-iri ba da dadewa ba, amma ya riga ya sami suna tsakanin masu lambu kuma, babu shakka, yana da nasa fa'idodi:
- Yana da yawan amfanin ƙasa, daga kowane ciyayi har zuwa kilogiram 7;
- Mafi qarancin kulawa... Tumatirin ba shi da daɗi yayin girma, ba mai saukin kamuwa da cututtuka, don haka baya buƙatar a ci gaba da sarrafa shi;
- 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari suna da kyau ga salads, ruwan' ya'yan itace, miya, kuma a lokaci guda sun dace da gwangwani 'ya'yan itace duka;
- Saboda balaga da wuri, tsire-tsire yana kulawa don kaucewa lalacewa ta ƙarshen buguwa.
Rashin dacewar sun hada da cewa na bukatar akai garter na fruiting rassan da raunin pollination a cikin greenhouses a cikin yanayi mara kyau.
Kasar gona da bukatun ta yayin dasa shuki
Lokacin dasa shuki, masu lambu galibi sukan sayi ƙasa da aka shirya don tumatir a shaguna. Amma saboda dalilai daban-daban, ba koyaushe ake yin wannan ta wannan ba: wani bai yarda da cakuɗin da aka saya a cikin shago ba, wani yana zaune nesa da shagunan.
Lokacin shirya kayan abinci mai gina jiki da kanku, dole ne ku bi wasu buƙatun don sa. A bu mai kyau shirya ƙasa daga kaka... Don yin wannan, dafa sinadaran, hada su ku bar duniya a wuri mai sanyi. Ta hanyar daskarewa kasar gona, ta hakan ne muke kashe kwayoyin cutar. Hakanan zaka iya yin tururi ko zuba ruwan zãfi don kamuwa da cuta.
Ba shi yiwuwa a gasa ƙasar don dasa shuki a cikin tanda, sakamakon haka duk fure mai ba da rai a ciki ya ɓace.
Don shuka tsaba, ƙasa dole ne ta kasance:
- Sako;
- M... Dole ne a ƙara mafi kyawun ganyayyaki da ma'adanai a ciki;
- Tare da matakin tsaka tsaki na acidity kuma tare da rayuwa microflora;
Akwai girke-girke da yawa don yanayin ƙasa don dasa shuki, ga kaɗan daga cikinsu:
- Wani yanki na duniya an gauraya shi da adadin humus, kasar sod kuma hada komai. Sannan a cikin lita 10 na ruwa mun narkar da gram 10 na carbamide, gram 30 na superphosphate da gram 25 na potassium sulfate kuma mu shayar da ƙasa da aka shirya wa danshi.
- Haɗa ƙasa biyu na ƙasar sod tare da wani ɓangaren humus kuma ƙara ɓangare ɗaya na rairayin kogi a can. Sannan a kara rabin lita na toka na itace a wannan hadin sannan a hada komai, a zuba ruwa a danshi.
Shuka tsaba da sifofin shuka masu shuka
Saboda cewa iri-iri farkon cikakke, dole ne a shuka iri 80-90 kafin 'ya'yan su fara. Don shukokin su tsiro da sauri, kuna buƙatar barin tsaba su ƙyanƙyashe. Don yin wannan, sanya su a kan danshi mai ɗanshi, sa'annan a cikin jakar filastik kuma saka a wuri mai dumi akan batirin, duba lokaci-lokaci danshi.
Tsaba suna nuna girma a cikin kwanaki 4-5. Bayan kun shirya cakuda mai gina jiki da iri, kuna buƙatar fara shuka kai tsaye. Don yin wannan, muna zuba magudanan ruwa a cikin sifar faɗaɗa yumbu a cikin kwandon filastik, sannan ƙasa da ruwa.
Muna shuka tsaba a cikin kowane akwati biyu kowane ga garanti. A wannan yanayin, don dacewa, pre-make recesses. Muna rufe tare da tsare kuma saka windowsill, a cikin wuri mai haske. Da zaran tsirrai suka bayyana, dole ne a cire fim ɗin.
Lokacin girma shuke-shuke, yana da mahimmanci a kiyaye yanayi uku: danshi na ƙasa, zafin jiki (a farkon digiri 23-24, sannan digiri 17-19) da haske na awanni 12.
Dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa
Nau'in "Gulliver" yana tsufa da wuri kuma an tsara shi musamman don don dasa shuki a cikin greenhouses, don haka bari mu tsaya a kan wannan dalla-dalla. Zai fi kyau a sabunta ƙasar a cikin greenhouse sannan a sarrafa ta da jan ƙarfe na ƙarfe (gram 30 a guga na ruwa). Samun iska a cikin greenhouse, sannan tono ridges na humus.
Ba za a iya ƙara sabon taki a ƙasa a cikin bazara ba, tunda duk ƙarfin abinci mai gina jiki zai tafi saman. Zaka iya shuka a cikin wani greenhouse mara zafi Mayu 15-20lokacin da zazzabi za a sami kimanin digiri 25.
Seedlings kafin dasa shuki bukata fushi... Don yin wannan, fitar da shi tsawon kwanaki 4-5 a cikin iska, a hankali yana ƙara lokaci.
Lokaci mafi kyau ga tsirrai lokaci ne na wata daya da rabi, tunda a wannan lokacin tsarin tushen yana da lokacin yin tsari da kyau. Yi ramuka bisa ga tsarin gargajiya 45 × 50 cm... Lokacin dasa shuki, yana da mahimmanci kada a zurfafa yanayin haɓaka a cikin ƙasa (kimanin 15 cm). Bayan dasawa, dole ne a shayar da tsire-tsire da yawa, amma ba har sai damp.
Kulawa
Don samun girbin tumatir mai kyau, kuna buƙatar bin wasu dabarun aikin gona yayin yin hakan. Nufin wannan:
- Illingaddamarwa... Kuna buƙatar haɗuwa a karo na farko a rana ta 10 bayan dasa shuki, to, ku yi shi kowane mako biyu;
- Ragewa... Kiyaye tsarin tushen koyaushe don ƙasa da ke kewaye da ita koyaushe ta kwance;
- Matakai... A kai a kai cire axillary inflorescences, tun a baya kafa daji zuwa daya, biyu ko uku rassa;
- Shayarwa... Kuna buƙatar shayar da ita yayin da ƙasa ta bushe, da yamma, da ruwan dumi (mai ɗumi a cikin ganga).
Abubuwan ma'adinai suna tasiri tasirin tsire-tsire.
A karo na farko, ana yin takin tare da phosphorus makonni 2-3 bayan dasa shuki. A karo na biyu tare da ammonium nitrate, - a lokacin samuwar 'ya'yan itatuwa.
Cututtuka da rigakafin tumatir
A cikin greenhouses, lokacin shuka tumatir, suna da haɗari musamman kwandon cizon giya... Za a iya tattara su da hannu, ko kuma a bi da su da jiko na ɗaci mai ɗaci. Hakanan akwai matsala mai yawa daga farin jirgin. Tsutsarsa suna manne a ƙasan ganye.
Don magance su, yi amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi: 10 ml na maganin Phosbecid a cikin lita 10 na ruwa. Hakanan yana shafar tsiro da sauran cututtuka kamar su ƙarshen buguwa da launin ruwan kasa... Hakanan ana buƙatar ma'amala dasu a kan lokaci tare da wasu abubuwan tsarawa.
Shuka shuki ba abu ne mai sauƙi ba ga mai lambu. Babban abu shine lura da yanayin da ake buƙata don haɓakar shuke-shuke da fahimtar tsarin ci gaban su. Kuma lokaci zai yi, kuma lallai za ku sami amfanin gona mai yawa.