A baya can, an yi imanin cewa ana rarrabe kokwamba ta rashin wayewa a cikin fasahar noma, suna girma kusan da kansu. Wannan yaudara ce; abu ne mai wuya ya zama zai iya girbin kyakkyawan girbin cucumbers a cikin yanayin muhalli mara kyau tare da abubuwan mamakin yanayi. Amma idan kayi la'akari da shawarar gogaggen lambu, to zaka iya tattara girbi mai yawa na ganye a duk lokacin bazara, har zuwa farkon yanayin sanyi.
Shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa
Abu ne mai yuwuwa don samun babban girbi a cikin lambun ku idan kun bi fasaha kuma kuyi aiki akan lokaci. Babban ka'idojin fasahar noma sun hada da ayyuka kamar haka:
- - kayan shuka mai inganci,
- zaɓi na iri da iri, shirya su don shuka;
- shirye-shiryen ƙasa (hadi da ƙwayoyin cuta);
- tsari na shuka iri, iri;
- ban ruwa;
- sassautawa da sako-sako;
- shigar da sutura;
- rigakafin cututtuka;
- tarin 'ya'yan itatuwa.
Cucumbers suna son ƙasa mai laushi mai narkewa, saboda haka suna fara shirya rukunin yanar gizon a lokacin bazara, musamman idan ana yin shuka a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa. An tono dukkan rukunin yanar gizon gauraye da taki da humus. A lokacin bazara, dole ne a sake haƙa ƙasa kuma a wadata ta da ƙwayoyin halitta. Za a iya fara shuka ne kawai bayan kwanaki 7-10. Kafin dasa shuki, ana aiwatar da cutar ta hanyar shayar da gadaje tare da rauni mai ƙarfi na potassium permanganate.
Lokacin shirya ƙasa, kuna buƙatar ƙayyade acidity. Don wannan, ana amfani da takarda litmus. Tare da karin alama, ya kamata a gurbata yanayin da ke cikin ruwan acid ta hanyar shigar da dolomite gari ko nikakken lemun tsami a cikin ƙasa.
Kafin shuka, ana shuka tsaba don samun saurin harbi. Ana yin amfani da ƙwayoyin da aka dasa su ne kawai. An binne hatsi a cikin ƙasa ta hanyar cm 2-3. Lokacin dasa shuki, ana rarraba tsire-tsire a 3-4 a kan kowane m2.
Ana aiwatar da ruwa ne kawai da ruwan dumi, ruwan sanyi yana hana ci gaban shuka. Kafin bayyanar 'ya'yan itatuwa, ana yin ban ruwa sau 1 cikin kwanaki 2-3, bayan farkon samuwar' ya'yan itatuwa, ƙarfin yana ƙaruwa zuwa hanyoyin yau da kullun. Yana da mahimmanci a guji daskarewa da ruwa a cikin ƙasa.
A matakin farko na samuwar tsire-tsire, ya zama dole a sassauta a kai a kai, wanda galibi ana haɗa shi da weeding. Yawancin weeds kusa da cucumbers suna da haɗari ga shuka, don haka bai kamata ku fara gadaje ba.
Mako guda bayan dasa shuki ko tsire-tsire, an gabatar da takin zamani. An shirya maganin aiki bisa tushen abubuwan da ke gaba:
- guga na ruwa;
- 10 g na ammonium nitrate;
- 10 g superphosphate;
- 10 g na gishiri na potassium.
Yawan amfani: lita 1 a kowane daji 1.
Bayan makonni 2, ana gabatar da abinci mai maimaitawa, yana ƙara adadin ma'adinai sau 2 cikin lita 10 na ruwa.
Abubuwa masu dacewa don yawan amfanin ƙasa
Don haɓaka yawan amfanin ƙasa, ya kamata a mai da hankali ga duk abubuwan da ke shafar ci gaba da haɓakar cucumber.
Janar ka'idoji don dasawa bisa kalandar wata a watan Mayu da Yuni
Yawancin lambu da yawa suna shirya shuka da kuma dasa shuki bisa ga ranakun da aka ba da shawarar na kalandar wata. Kamar yadda masana kimiyyar zamani suka gano, lallai wata yana shafar tsananin ci gaban amfanin gona kuma yana iya ƙara tsirowa. A'idar dasawa ta dogara ne akan gaskiyar cewa dukkanin tsire-tsire a ƙasa suna da gajiyawa don shuki bayan sabon wata, da kuma tushen amfanin gona bayan cikakken wata. Dangane da sanannun imani, a wata cikakke da kwanaki masu zuwa, ba zaku iya shuka ko shuka komai ba. Amma a wata sabuwa, lokaci yayi da za'a shuka shuke-shuke a iska.
Zabar mafi kyau iri don yawan amfanin ƙasa
Yawan aiki ya dogara da nau'ikan kokwamba iri-iri, amma yayin zaɓe, yana da daraja idan aka yi la’akari da yanayin yankin da yanayin haɓakar haɓakar da aka zaɓa. Masu kiwo suna ƙoƙari sosai don cika kasuwa tare da abin da ake kira iri-iri na duniya, wanda ke da alaƙa da yawan amfanin ƙasa da ƙarfi na rigakafi. Daga cikin wadannan:
- Masha;
- Zozulya;
- Jaruntaka;
- Pinocchio;
- Kibriya, da dai sauransu.
Taki, sa tuwo da mulching
Lokacin da ake yin cucumbers, ana amfani da takin gargajiya da na ma'adinai don sutura. Dangane da hanyar gabatarwa, suna foliar da tushe. Kowa ya zaɓi zaɓin da ya dace don yadda ake yin takin, amma masana sun ba da shawarar a sauya su da juna.
A cikin duka, an gabatar da suturar 4:
- Makonni 2 bayan dasa shuki;
- a farkon samuwar inflorescences;
- a tsakiyar 'ya'yan itace;
- A cikin sati 2.
Don hana ƙasa daga bushewa, gadaje suna busched. Ana amfani da Sawdust, peat ko busasshiyar taki a matsayin ciyawa. Irin wannan matsuguni yana hana ci gaban ciyawar, wanda ke rage yawan ciyawar zuwa mafi ƙarancin.
Kada ku cinye ƙasar tare da ciyawar da aka yankakke, tana iya sa ƙwayoyin kayan lambu da cututtuka.
Thearfafa tushen tsarin
Don 'ya'yan itace na dogon lokaci, yana da mahimmanci a sami tsarin haushi mai ƙarfi. Shuka yana buƙatar taimako don samar da tushen tushe. Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar a hankali danna tushe zuwa ƙasa kuma yayyafa shi da ƙasa.
Yin watsi da busassun daji
Yin aikin dubawa na yau da kullun na lambun, ya zama dole a cire ganyayyaki masu lalacewa, mirgina da fruitsa fruitsan itace daga cikin ciyawar, suna rage haɓakar shuka. Hakanan, ana ɗaukan lashes mara ƙarfi a kan shukar.Dalilin rashin ci gaba na iya kasancewa yana da alaƙa da rashin lafiya ko wasu matsalolin da suka fi kyau a sarrafa su. Mustasa inda shuka ta girma dole ne a bi da shi tare da maganin potassium permanganate.
Gyara kuskure
Passynching ana yinshi idan bulala mai kyau ta samu, amma banda 'ya'yan itace. Saboda wannan, a cikin bishiyoyin ganye biyar na farko, an cire harbe a waje da ovaries a cikin axils na farkon ganye 3. Yi yanki a hankali tare da kayan aiki mai kaifi don kada ya lalata tushe da sauran tsiro. Yayi daidai don aiwatar da aikin lokacin da tsayin matakan ya kai 3-6 cm.
Yakamata a yi lash garter don kada ganye da tushe su ruɓe daga yawan danshi. Bugu da kari, kokwamba suna matukar kaunar haske, wanda ake bayarwa ta gadaje masu tsaye a tsaye. Abu ne mai sauki a gina trellis: tura kayan talla cikin ƙasa a gefunan jere, a ɗaura igiyoyi a kansu a kuma rage igiya tare da su, wanda zai kasance a kusa da tushe (ba matse ba!) Sau da yawa.
Actionsarin ayyuka don haɓaka yawan amfanin ƙasa
Baya ga ƙa'idodi da aka yarda da su gabaɗaya na fasahar aikin gona, lambu da yawa suna amfani da asirin su don haɓaka yawan amfanin ƙasa. Daga cikin masu tasiri, kuma mafi mahimmanci tabbatacce, waɗannan nasihu masu zuwa sun bayyana.
- Kafin dasa shuki, lallai ne kuyi nazarin ƙasa. Tare da babban matakin ruwan karkashin kasa, ya zama dole a canza zuwa albarkatun gona masu girma a cikin greenhouse tare da ingantaccen tsarin magudanar ruwa. A madadin, yi amfani da hydrogel wanda zai ja danshi mai laushi.
- Shuka ne thermophilic. Da yawa ba su ma shakkar cewa ba shi yiwuwa a shayar da ruwan famfo daga manyan ko rijiyoyi, saboda wannan yana rage lokacin 'ya'yan itacen. Ruwan da aka yi amfani da shi ya kamata a daidaita shi tsakanin digiri 23-24.
- Ya kamata a rika tattara 'ya'yan itace a kai a kai, babu damuwa idan na yau da kullun ne ko kuma sau ɗaya a kowane kwana 2. Rashin bin doka yana taimakawa wajen rage yawan amfanin ƙasa. A lokacin tattarawa, kuna buƙatar kulawa da hankali a hankali, rauni ga tushe ko rassan kuma yana shafar 'ya'yan itace mara kyau.
- Cucumbers suna buƙatar carbon dioxide don photosynthesis. Lokacin da aka girma a cikin greenhouse, rashi nasa yakan taso sau da yawa, don haka akwai buƙatar buƙata ta wucin gadi. Abu ne mai sauki ayi hakan: cinye kasar gona da taki (Layer 3-5 cm), kunna wutar mai wuta na wani lokaci, ko yada busasshiyar kankara tare da gadajen.
- Ciyarwa daga madara zai hanzarta ci gaban shukar, kuma ya karfafa garkuwar jiki. Kowane makonni biyu, madara, wacce aka tsarma ta da ruwa a cikin rabo 1: 2, ana yi mata allurar ne a asalin.
- Yawan amfanin ƙasa yana tasiri daga maƙwabta masu makwabtaka. Wasu suna kirkirar kariya ga cucumbers daga kwari da cututtuka, wasu kuma rage 'ya'yan itace. An ba da shawarar dasa ƙwayoyi (wake, asparagus, peas), barkono, eggplants, da sauransu.
Kalandar wata don dasa kukumba na 2018
Dangane da kalandar wata a shekara ta 2018, ana yin aikin saukar jirgin ne ta wadannan lambobi:
- albarkatun ƙasa - Fabrairu (16-28), Maris (17-29), Afrilu (16-28);
- asalinsu - Fabrairu (1-15), Maris (3-16), Afrilu (1-15).
La'akari da tauraron zodiacal, mai fa'ida ga ci gaban cucumbers, ana ba da shawarar dasawa: a watan Maris daga 19 zuwa 24 da 27.28; a watan Afrilu daga 5 zuwa 9 kuma daga 20 zuwa 24.
An zaɓi ranar bisa ga kalandar wata ne la'akari da yanayin yanayin yankin da kuma irin al'adun. Saboda haka, mafi kyawun lokacin saukarwa na iya zama farkon watan Mayu.
A wasu yankuna, Yuni kawai ya dace da saukowa. Abubuwan da aka bayyana dabaru da dabaru suna yiwuwa kuma ana iya samunsu, don haka nasarar sabon amfanin gona yana hannun mai kula lambu. A cikin shekara mai fa'ida, kada ku rasa damar da za ku cire rikodin yawan 'ya'yan itatuwa daga ƙaramin lambu ko shuki.