Ayyukan masu shayarwa don ƙirƙirar sabbin nau'o'in 'ya'yan itace da kayan lambu suna ba da damar samun nau'ikan nau'ikan haɗuwa na kowane ɗanɗano da fifikon lambu da masu lambu. Yawancin su kayan adon gaske ne na lambun da tebur. Ofaya daga cikin waɗannan matasan shine tumatir Monomakh Hat. Zamuyi magana game da kwatancin da halayen kayan marmari.
Babban halayen tumatir iri-iri monomakh hat
Tumatirin Hat Monomakh ya samo asali ne daga makiyaya na Rasha kuma an yi masa rijista a cikin 2003. Masu kiwo na cikin gida yayin aiwatar da aiki akan ƙirƙirar sabon iri-iri suna mai da hankali sosai ga daidaita shi musamman da yanayin yanayin Rasha. Hular Monomakh ba banda haka, don haka nan da nan ya sami soyayya da babban farin jini a tsakanin masu lambu.
Babban dalilai: manyan-'ya'yan itace, yawan amfanin ƙasa, dandano mai kyau, juriya ga duk cututtukan al'ada.
Bayanin daji
Irin shukar wani nau'in ne wanda ba za'a iya tantancewa ba, ya dace da girma a cikin gidajen haya, amma a filin budewa, matukar aka samar da daji da kuma garter, shima yana bada sakamako mai kyau. Ya kai mita 1.5 a tsayi, ya fi kyau a samar da tushe biyu: ban da babba, ɗan biyun ya zama akwati na biyu, wanda yake ƙasa da goga na farko, kuma dole ne a cire sauran matakan.
Gandun daji suna karami, don 1 sq. m za a iya dasa har zuwa shuke-shuke 6.
Matsakaici iri-iri na farko, lokacin nunawa shine kwanaki 90-110 daga lokacin da farkon harbe suka bayyana.
Bayanin 'ya'yan itacen
An tsara wannan nau'ikan don masoya na manyan fruitsa fruitsan itace - nauyin su ya kai 500-800 g, ɗan ribbbed, kyakkyawan launin ruwan hoda. Tumatir ya bambanta sosai a cikin ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano tare da ƙarancin acidity, ƙanshi mai ƙarfi, abun cikin sukari. Babban dalilin shine sabon amfani, shirye-shiryen juices, pastes, biredi saboda kyakkyawan hadewar acid da sugars. Abun busassun abun yana da yawa - 4-6% cikin 100 g na samfurin.
Don kada goge su fashe a ƙarƙashin nauyin 'ya'yan kuma tumatir suna da girma babba, bai kamata a bar ƙwaryar ovaries sama da 2-3 a kan burushi fure ba. 'Ya'yan itãcen suna riƙe da kyau, amma ba su da tsayi sosai.
Yawan tumatir
A lokacin bazara, tare da ingantaccen fasahar noman tumatir, har zuwa Kilogiram 8 na tumatir ana girbewa daga daji ɗaya, daga sq 1. m - game da 18-20 kilogiram.
Ana iya girma iri-iri a kusan dukkanin yankuna na Rasha, an daidaita shi daidai da yanayin yanayi da yanayi, har ma yana iya jurewa fari.
Amma duk da haka, tumatir yana da zafi sosai, saboda haka, a yankunan kudanci, inda bambancin yanayin dare / rana ƙanana ne, yana ba da kyakkyawan amfanin ƙasa fiye da a layin tsakiyar. Idan lokacin bazara gajere ne, dare kuma yayi sanyi, zai fi kyau a yi shuka a cikin greenhouses.
Babban fa'idodi
Idan muka taƙaita abubuwan da ke sama, za mu iya nuna mahimmancin fa'idodi iri-iri (kuma akwai da yawa daga cikinsu):
- 'ya'yan itatuwa manya-manya masu dadi;
- babban aiki;
- juriya ga yanayin canjin yanayi, ruwan sama, fari;
- babban rigakafi ga cututtuka daban-daban;
- tumatir mai daɗi.
Iyakar rashin amfanin kawai za'a iya la'akari da lalacewar rassa kawai a ƙarƙashin nauyin 'ya'yan itacen, fatattaka su a cikin matakan girma. Ya kamata ku ɗaura kowane buroshi idan kuna son samun girbi mai yalwa. Don kaucewa fasawa a matakin girma, ana rage ruwa.
Fasaha na aikin gona na namo
Kamar kowane ɗayan, wannan matasan suma sun girma a cikin tsire-tsire.
Lokacin dasa shuki a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa, ya kamata a ba da hankali na musamman ga abin da ke cikin ƙasa: tumatir ba ya jure wa ƙasashen da ke cikin acidified, saboda haka, kuna buƙatar kulawa a gaban gabatar da garin dolomite da / ko toka yayin samuwar gadaje don shuka.
Dasa tsaba da kula da shuka
Dole ne a lasafta dasa tsaba la'akari da yanayin yanayin yanayi domin aƙalla kwanaki 60 sun shude kafin a dasa shuki na shuki a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa. Mafi daidaituwa, kwanaki 40-45 ya kamata su wuce daga bayyanar fararen farko.
Tsarin shuka iri don shuka ba shi da bambanci da shuka sauran tumatir. Ana tsaba tsaba a cikin raunin manganese mai rauni na awa 0.5... Shirya kwantena da ƙasa a gaba. Don ƙasa, ɗauki ɓangaren 1/2 na ƙasa, ɓangaren 1/2 na peat ko rubabben taki. Don guga 1 na cakuda, kuna buƙatar ƙara kofuna waɗanda yashi 2 da kofi 1 na toka na itace, haɗa komai da kyau. Cika kwantena da ƙasa: akwatunan katako waɗanda ke tsayin 10-12 cm, kofukan roba ko kuma kwantena da ramuka na magudana.
Ana kawo tsaba da aka kula da ita zuwa cikin ƙasa zuwa zurfin 1 - 1.5 cm, a hankali aka jiƙa, an rufe akwatin da gilashi ko fim mai haske, kuma an sanya shi a cikin dumi, wuri mai haske. Lokacin da tsaba suka ƙyanƙyashe, an cire fim ɗin, an saukar da zafin jiki a ɗaki kaɗan don tsirowar ba ta shimfiɗawa ba, amma hasken ya kamata ya zama mafi yawa (aƙalla awa 12-14)
A matakin bayyanar ganye 2 na gaskiya, an dasa shukokin da aka tsinke. Bayan kwana 10, zaka iya yin farkon hada abinci.
Dasa shuki a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa da kulawa mai zuwa
A cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa ko kuma greenhouses, ana shuka bishiyoyi yana da shekaru 40-45, tun da sun taurara a waje da rana. Tsarin shuka - 50x60 cm, 1 sq. m - har zuwa 4 shuke-shuke.
Na gaba shine kulawa na yau da kullun: matsakaiciyar shayarwa da ruwa mai dumi sau 3 a sati, ciyarwa akan lokaci, sassauta kasar gona da cire ciyawa, yankan farilla da kuma kula da gandun daji.
Don samun manyan fruitsa fruitsan itace, kuna buƙatar cire ƙananan furanni akan goge, barin fiye da 3 (akan goga na farko - furanni 2), an cire furanni biyu na farko duk. A lokacin lokacin furewar taro, ya zama dole a girgiza tsire-tsire don ƙarin ƙazamar ruwa kuma a tabbatar an sha ruwa bayan hakan.
Yadda ake samun tsaba don shekara mai zuwa?
Don samun kyawawan seedsa alwaysa koyaushe kuma tabbatar da iri iri iri, zaka iya shirya tsaba kai tsaye don dasa shuki a shekara mai zuwa. Wajibi ne a zaɓi babban samfurin da ya balaga, cire iri daga dukkan ɗakunan, jiƙa a ruwa cikin dare, a wanke da kyau ƙarƙashin ruwan da yake gudu. Yada kan fatar jiki ko taushi mai taushi don bushewa a yankin iska, amma ba cikin hasken rana kai tsaye ba.
Ajiye a wuri bushe har sai bazara.
Ba don komai ba ne cewa tumatir ya shahara musamman tsakanin masu lambu - kyakkyawan dandano da rashin sanin yakamata sun sanya shi bako na yau da kullun akan teburin masoya salatin rani.