Peas yana da kyawawan kaddarorin da ke da tasiri a jiki. saboda haka ana shuka amfanin gona a kusan kowane lambun kayan lambu... Duk da saukin kulawa, ba koyaushe ake samun girbi mai kyau ba. Wannan labarin yana bayyana ainihin ka'idojin fasahar aikin gona wanda yakamata a kula da masu lambu na farko, wato yadda za'a shirya tsaba, ko ya zama dole ayi shuka da lokacin shuka.
Sharuɗɗan shuka shukar a cikin Ukraine, yankin Moscow, Urals da Siberia
Peas tsire-tsire ne masu jurewar sanyi, harbe-harben samari na iya tsayayya da yanayin sanyi na dare zuwa ƙasa da 5-6 ° C. Amma wannan gaskiyar ba ta nufin cewa za ku iya fara shuka a cikin Maris. Juriya mai sanyi gajere ne, harbi ba zai ci gaba ba a yanayin ƙarancin zafi... Saboda haka, kuna buƙatar jira lokacin da karatun dare ba zai faɗi ƙasa da alamar 5-8 ° C ba.
Kuna iya shuka wake kawai ta amfani da hanya ɗaya - iri. Hanyar shuka iri a wannan yanayin bai dace ba.
Yaushe ne mafi kyawun lokaci don shuka wake a gida? Babu takamaiman lokacin shuka iri, amma kalandar wata da yanayin yanayi suna jagorantar lambu da yawa. A cikin Ukraine da yankin Moscow, aikin shuka a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa yana farawa a ƙarshen Afrilu - farkon Mayu, lokacin da ƙasa har yanzu tana riƙe da danshi da aka tara a lokacin hunturu. A cikin Urals da Siberia, ana sauya lokaci zuwa kwanaki 10-15, ya danganta da yanayin yanayin yanayi. Amma dai masana sun ba da shawarar kammala shuka ciyawar nan da ƙarshen Mayu... Tsirrai suna haɓaka mafi kyau, suna fure kuma suna ba da fruita duringa a tsawon awanni na hasken rana.
Ana shirya tsaba kafin a dasa a gida
Geraukar Seeda dependsa directlya ofa kai tsaye ya dogara da daidaiton shirinsu na dasa shuki Ya kamata a fara daidaita fis ɗin - zaɓi mafi ingancin samfura daga jimlar lambar, waɗanda ba su da alamun lalacewa, ɗigon baƙin da sauran lahani. Wani iri da aka lalace ba zai ba da ƙarancin lafiya ba, kuma raunanan harbe suna fuskantar cututtuka da kwari da fari.
Preparationarin shiri ya dogara da zaɓin iri da aka zaɓa. Guda biyu ne kacal daga cikinsu: bushe kuma tare da shan ruwa na farko. Ba al'ada ba ce don yin wake da wake tare da tsire-tsire.
Matakan shirya tsaba don dasa shuki:
- jiƙa a cikin wani bayani na boric acid (gram 1 na hoda a kowace lita 5 na ruwa mai tsanani zuwa 40 °) na mintina 5-8;
- cire yawan danshi adiko na goge baki;
- bushewa don awanni 1-2 a dakin da zafin jiki;
- saukowa.
Maganin tsaba tare da maganin boric acid yana hana lalacewar tsarin tushen ta tsutsa daga tsutsar ciki.
Tare da busassun hanyar, yana da mahimmanci a sha ruwa tsagi da ruwa kuma a rufe gado da fim don ƙirƙirar tasirin greenhouse. Wannan yana hanzarta saurin ƙwayawar harbe-harbe.
A matsayin shirye-shiryen wake na shuka, zaka iya amfani da hanyar tsohuwar kakan.... Don yin wannan, ana nitsar da tsaba a cikin akwati tare da ruwan dumi (jiƙa) na kwanaki 1-2, a baya an nannade shi a cikin adiko na auduga. Don kumburi da tsire-tsire, za a buƙaci tsarin zazzabi na aƙalla 20-23 °. Yayin da yarn ya bushe, sai a jika shi. Tsaba suna iya yin tsiro cikin kwanaki 3-5.
Don kar ku damu da lokacin tsiro, zaku iya aiwatar da iri a cikin haɓakar haɓaka. Tsaba nawa za'a jika? A cikin irin wannan maganin, ya isa a jiƙa kayan shuka don awanni 2, sanya shi a baranda ta gida ko windowsill.
Shirye-shiryen gado na lambu da ingantaccen nome
Kuna buƙatar fara shirya gonar ta zaɓar wuri a cikin ƙasa ko makircin mutum. Kuna buƙatar ba da fifiko ga wuraren da ke da haske a kan tudu... Tushen shukar ya kutsa kai cikin ƙasa, tare da babban abin da ya faru na ruwan karkashin ƙasa, akwai haɗarin ruɓewa. Saboda haka, ƙasar da aka yi ambaliyar ba ta dace da dasa ƙwayoyi ba. A ina ne mafi kyaun wurin shuka wake?
Lokacin zabar wuri don lambu, la'akari da abin da ya girma a baya. Ana la'akari da magabata masu kyau: beets, dankali, masara, zucchini, eggplants, da sauransu. Amma bayan peas, zaku iya shuka komai, kasar ta wadatar da nitrogen, ta zama mai sassauci kuma mai wadata.
Ba a ba da shawarar a shirya gadon wake ba inda ciyayi masu daɗewa, albarkatun gona masu tsiro suka girma, wanda zai iya haifar da cuta ko ƙwarin kwari.
Wace irin ƙasa ƙwai ke so? Asa mafi dacewa don peas sune loams marasa ƙoshin ƙasa da ƙananan yashi mai yashi... Chernozems, namo sod-podzolic da sauran nau'ikan ƙasa suma sun dace. An cire m, gishiri da danye. Idan an lura da acidity a shafin, to gabatarwar garin dolomite ko kuma nikakken lemun tsami zai taimaka wajen tsaftace muhalli.
Gogaggen lambu shawara, a lokacin da shirya gonar, takin kasar gona da kyau, sab thatda haka, tare da m ci gaba da shuka ba ya jin kasawa na na gina jiki. Koyaya, bai cancanci ciyar dashi ba, zaku iya haifar da ƙaruwa a cikin koren taro. A lokacin bazara, yayin haƙawa, ana gabatar da ƙwayoyin halitta (takin zamani, humus, rubabben taki). A cikin bazara, lokacin shirya shafin, an wadatar da ƙasa da potassium (30 g) da biyu superphosphate (20 g) ta 1 m2.
Wajibi ne a tono ƙasa tare da gabatarwar takin zamani tare da nitsuwa na 30-40 cm Zai fi kyau a yi aikin kanta kafin sanyi, don ƙwari da ƙwarin su daskarewa. Daga gonar, ya kamata a hankali zaɓi duk tarkacen tsire-tsire wanda kwari zasu iya samun mafaka.
Tsarin shuka a fili a kasar
Lokacin zabar makircin shuka, yakamata ku mai da hankali kan halayen daji na babban shuka. Idan waɗannan ƙananan albarkatu ne da matsakaici, to ana shirya gadon lambun tare da waɗannan sigogi masu zuwa:
- jere jere - 15-20 cm;
- tazara tsakanin tsaba 5-6 cm;
- zurfin nutsewa - 3-5 cm (idan kayi foda na 1-2 cm, to haɗarin cin peas ta tsuntsaye yana ƙaruwa).
Don tsire-tsire masu tsayi (tare da tsayi a kan 80 cm), ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da makircin: 30x10 cm a cikin layuka biyu tare da jera jere na 50 cm.
Lokacin dasa shuki, suna cin kusan peas 15-17 a kowace murabba'in mita.
Tsarin kansa ya ƙunshi shuka tsaba a cikin tsattsauran rami, sannan a cika ƙasa. Kafin ka sanya tsaba a cikin ƙasa, kana buƙatar zuba shi da karimci da ruwan dumi. Harbe-harben farko zasu bayyana sati daya da rabi bayan shuka. Don dogayen daji, lokaci yayi da za'a gina tallafi. Shukar da ta bazu a ƙasa ba za ta ba da 'ya'ya da kyau ba.
Idan aka taƙaita bayanan da ke sama, za mu iya yanke hukunci cewa tare da zaɓin madaidaiciya na ire-iren abubuwa da kuma cikar buƙatun girma, an tabbatar da kyakkyawan girbin wake Babban ayyukan wajibi: ciyar da ƙasa, shirya gadaje, tsiro da shuka iri, kula da tsirrai - girbi mai kyau tabbas ne.Kyautattun kyaututtukan yanayi sun dace duka don sabbin amfani da shirye-shiryen hunturu. 'Ya'yan itacen suna riƙe da kyawawan halayensu koda lokacin daskararre.