Dankali an daɗe yana ɗaukar shahararren amfanin gona da aka shuka a Rasha. Yi la'akari a cikin labarin waɗanne iri ne mafi kyau don zaɓar don samun inganci mai girma da girbi.
Jerin mafi kyaun iri dankalin turawa ta hanyar haruffa
Akwai kusan 280 kananan kabilu dankali da za a iya girma a yankuna daban-daban na yanayi. Yawancin iri sun sami shaharar su a cikin masana'antar masana'antu, wasu sun ƙaunaci mazauna rani don shuka a shafin. Bari muyi la'akari da shahararrun nau'ikan da nau'ikan da ke cikin karamin kasida.
Idaho
Babban fa'idarsa shine babba, har da 'ya'yan itace.
Babban halaye:
- farkon iri iri;
- m - 500 c / ha;
- mafi shahararren dafa abinci a gidajen abinci;
- babban juriya ga cututtuka;
- ya ƙunshi babban matakin sitaci har zuwa 17%.
Ana aiwatar da shuka a farkon lokacin bazara, lokacin da sanyi ya riga ya wuce, kuma yawan zafin jiki ya kai digiri 8.
Bela Rosa
Bela Rosa shine mafi mashahuri a cikin yankuna na ƙasashen CIS.
Babban halaye:
- balaga da wuri, a kudu zaka iya samun girbi da yawa a kowace kaka;
- tare da shayarwa mai kyau da ciyarwa, yawan amfanin ƙasa - 350 c / ha;
- babban kayan lambu mai kama da oval (kimanin 'ya'yan itace 200-500gr).
Ya kamata ku sani cewa yana tsirar da talauci a ƙasa ba tare da ado mai kyau ba. An ba da shawarar don shuka shi bayan legan hatsi.
Jar Launi
Yaren mutanen Holland ba su da ƙima a cikin halayensa har ma da na Belarusiya. Yana da halin matsakaiciyar tushe tare da kyawawan halaye na dandano.
Sau da yawa ana amfani dasu don dafa abinci a gidajen abinci.
Babban halaye:
- daji ba shi da tushe, yana da furanni tare da furannin lilac;
- iri-iri masu saukin kamuwa da cututtuka: phytosphorosis da scab;
- 'ya'yan itacen yana kama da sifa mai tsayi.
- bawo yana da ja zuwa ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda.
- ɓangaren litattafan almara mai launi;
- jure zafi sosai;
- nauyin tayi daya shine daga gram 70-200;
- a daji ɗaya har zuwa tubers 15.
Rosara
Rosara nasa ne na farkon maturing, ripens cikin kwanaki 70... An yi amfani dashi a cikin sabbin masana'antun zamani don shirye-shiryen albarkatun busassun.
Babban halaye:
- ɓangaren litattafan almara yana da kodadde mai launi rawaya;
- a matsakaici, tayi tayi kimanin 70-130g;
- siffar 'ya'yan itacen oval ne, ɗan tsayi;
- yana kiyaye fasalinsa sosai saboda ƙananan abubuwan sitaci;
- yawa 500 c / ha.
Picasso
Yana nufin marigayi iri dankali. Cikakken balaga daga baya 110-130 kwanaki bayan germination.
Babban halaye:
- yawan amfanin ƙasa, daga hekta 1 tana iya juyawa har zuwa tan 20 dankali;
- launi na tubers shine ruwan hoda-rawaya;
- nauyin 'ya'yan itace daya yana canzawa daga 100-150 gr;
- ɓangaren litattafan almara na farin-launin rawaya;
- dandano yana da ban mamaki;
- mai saukin kamuwa da cuta - ƙarshen bushewa;
- yana da rayuwa mai tsayi.
Ana aiwatar da dasa shuki a cikin bazara, lokacin da babu sauran sanyi, amma ƙasa tana da danshi.
Tuleyevsky
Tuleyevsky yana dacewa da yanayin yanayi da yawa, ana dasa shi a gonaki.
Babban halaye:
- siffar 'ya'yan itace har ma, m;
- haske ɓangaren litattafan almara;
- nauyin tayi 100-300 gr.;
- yayin dafa shi yana riƙe da sifa da kyau;
- yana da kyakkyawan dandano dankalin turawa;
- baya buƙatar ciyarwa akai-akai tare da takin mai magani.
Shuka zata fara ne kawai bayan kasar ta warms har zuwa +10 digiri. Baya buƙatar shayarwa. Rage nasa ne ba za a iya adana na dogon lokaci bayayin da yake farawa bushewa.
Gala
Jamusanci da wuri-iri iri iri Gala yana da kyakkyawan dandano kuma ana rarrabe shi da abun da ke cikin babban sitaci a cikin fruita fruitan itacen.
Babban halaye:
- daga 1 shin zaka iya tarawa har zuwa kilogiram 400 dankali;
- tushen kayan lambu suna zagaye, ƙarami a cikin girma tare da fata rawaya;
- ɓangaren litattafan almara yana da haske rawaya;
- matsakaita nauyin dankali 60-130gr;
- mai saukin kamuwa da cutar baƙar fata.
An dauke shi daya daga cikin mafi kyau iri iri.
Ripens cikin kwanaki 75, a wannan lokacin za'a iya girbe dankali. Kuna buƙatar dasa dankali da zaran zafin iska ya kai digiri 10.
Dauphine
Dutch mai dadi, yayi la'akari daya daga cikin mafi dadi tushen amfanin gona dankali.
Babban halaye:
- daga 1 ake tattarawa har zuwa kilogiram 220 girbi;
- nauyin tuber ya bambanta daga 150 zuwa 350 g;
- 'Ya'yan itace kusan 20 suna fitowa daga daji ɗaya.
Raba
Mafi dacewa iri-iri ga waɗanda suke so su yi girma dankali da kansu.
Babban halaye:
- yana da dandano mai kyau;
- yana bada yawan amfanin ƙasa har zuwa kilogiram 390 kowace kadada;
- nauyin tuber ya kai 400 g;
- nau'ikan bushes suna da girma, suna da ƙarfi har zuwa 80 cm;
- an dafa shi da kyau yayin dafa abinci;
- mai jure cututtuka kamar su fure mai laushi da fungi.
Nevsky
Akwai nau'ikan Nevsky da yawa dangane da lokacin girki. Ana ɗauka mashahuri, yana girma da kyau a kowane yanayi.
Babban halaye:
- yawa har zuwa kilogiram 350 daga dari;
- don dasa shuki, kuna buƙatar zaɓar ba tubers masu tsirowa ba, bayan tsire-tsire, shuka waɗanda ke da gajeren tsiro
- tubers tare da dogon tsire-tsire ba shi da karɓa don shuka;
- yana nufin tsakiyar-marigayi;
- ripening yana faruwa a cikin kwanaki 75-90;
- oval a cikin sifa, tare da fata mai haske rawaya da nama mai laushi;
- son dumi, don haka ana ba da shawarar dasawa lokacin sanyi ya wuce.
Latona
Anyi la'akari da ɗakin cin abinci da wuri.
A rana ta 45, kun riga kun sami girbi na farko, amma gaba ɗaya lokacin girbi ne 70-75 rana.
Babban halaye:
- daga kowane daji zaka iya tarawa 2 kilogiram 'ya'yan itãcen marmari
- juriya ga yanayin yanayi, jure harkokin sufuri da kyau;
- kusan rashin kariya daga cututtuka, akwai yiwuwar kamuwa da cuta tare da ƙarshen cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta;
- ɓangaren litattafan almara yana da rawaya rawaya;
- yana buƙatar kulawa, shayarwa, kwayoyin halitta;
- rike sosai lokacin hunturu.
Sa'a
Yana nufin fitattu wanda na bukatar kulawa ta musamman... Idan ka bi duk dokokin, zaka iya tattarawa har zuwa 950 c / ha.
Babban halaye:
- nauyin tuber 170 g;
- yana nufin tsakiyar lokacin (a kan kimanin kwanaki 90);
- har zuwa kilogiram 15 na tushen albarkatu za a iya tattarawa daga daji;
- jure hunturu sosai kuma yana kiyaye shi na dogon lokaci.
Adretta
Masu kiwon shanu a cikin Jamus shekaru 25 da suka gabata. Har zuwa yanzu, gourmets suna ƙaunace mu saboda kyakkyawan dandano.
Babban halaye:
- bawo yana da launin rawaya, mai ɗan kaɗan zuwa taɓawa;
- jiki na iya zama rawaya mai haske ko rawaya mai zurfi;
- siffar tushen amfanin gona yana da zagaye-oval;
- matsakaicin nauyin tayi 140 gr.;
- ana iya dasa iri-iri a buɗaɗɗen ƙasa a ƙarshen Afrilu, yaduwar tubers;
- cikakken balaga yana faruwa a cikin kwanaki 65-80;
- mai-yawan-kwazo, daga hekta 1 zaka iya samu har zuwa tan 45.
Felox
Yana daga farkon balaga, yana jure zafi da sauyin yanayi kwatsam.
Ana iya samun waɗannan nau'ikan a duk yankuna na Rasha.
Babban halaye:
- nauyin kayan lambu mai tushe daga 80 zuwa 200 gr;
- bawo yana da kyakkyawar launin amber;
- ɓangaren litattafan almara yana da haske rawaya;
- kafin dasa shuki, ana ba da shawarar sarrafa shi da jan ƙarfe na ƙarfe;
- ya ƙunshi babban matakin sitaci har zuwa 17%;
- daga hekta daya aka girbe 250 tsakiya dankali;
- ana yin shuka a farkon watan Mayu.
Gudu
Farkon dankali mai ɗanɗano yana da ɗanɗano mai daɗi.
Babban halaye:
- wani 'ya'yan itacen oval mai tsayi;
- bawo rawaya ne, ɓangaren litattafan almara shine kirim mai sauƙi;
- tuber yayi nauyi 80-200 gr;
- ya ƙunshi babban matakin sitaci har zuwa 17%;
- akwai yiwuwar kamuwa da cuta tare da ƙarshen cutar;
- yawa 300 c / ha.
Ana iya inganta iyawar dankali idan suna dauke da sitaci mai yawa. Kuna iya rinjayar ɗanɗanar 'ya'yan itacen tare da kulawar da ta dace: shayarwa, taki.
Rukunin dankalin turawa
Dankali iri-iri daban-daban sun dace ba don dukkan yankuna na Rasha ba... Kodayake yawancin suna dacewa da yankin mai yanayin, akwai nau'ikan da suka fi dacewa da tsakiyar Rasha da Siberia.
Hakanan, dankali ya banbanta a inuwar ɓangaren litattafan almara, halayan dandano, lokacin girbi. Dangane da wannan, ana iya rarraba su kamar haka:
Rarraba nau'ikan ta hanyar girma
Matsayin wuri | Sunaye iri-iri |
Don tsakiyar Rasha | Nevsky, Felox, Gudu, Latona, Red Scarlet, Picasso |
Ga yankin Moscow | Tuleyevsky, Gala, Nevsky, Luck, Gudu, Pai, Dauphine, Idaho, Bela Rosa, Rosara |
Na Siberia | Adretta, Luck, Scarlet, Tuleevsky, Nevsky |
Nau'o'in ta yawan amfanin ƙasa
Red dankali da naman rawaya | Bela Rosa, Red Scarlet, Rosara |
Sako-sako da iri | Idaho, Pye |
High samar da gwaggwabar riba | Rosara, Adretta, Sa'a |
Pink dankalin turawa | Picasso |
Dankali rawaya | Idaho, Tuleyevsky, Gala, Gudu, Felox |
Ripening rarrabuwa
Matsakaici da wuri | 50-60 kwanaki | Idaho, Bela Rosa, Rosara, Red Scarlet |
Tsakiyar-kakar | 80-95 kwanaki | Latona, Sa'a |
Tsakar dare | 95-100 kwanaki | Atlant, Nevsky |
Late | Wata 4 | Picasso |
Dukkanin nau'ikan dankalin turawa da ke sama suna da kyawawan halaye da dandano. Yawancinsu ba sa jure cuta kuma suna ba da amfani mai yawa.