Naman kaji, ƙwai kaza abinci ne mai ƙoshin lafiya wanda kowa ke ci akan tebur. Sabili da haka, kiwon kaji bawai kasuwanci ne mai riba kawai ba, harma da sake biya. Koyaya, kafin yanke shawarar fara kiwon kaji, har yanzu yana da kyau a yi nazarin dalla-dalla game da kiwon kaji, kiyayewa da girma.
A cikin wannan labarin za mu yi magana game da kiwon kaji a gida don masu farawa, za mu koyi yadda ake kiwon kaji, me ya sa kaji ke gulma, abin da za a ba broilers na gudawa da sauran lamuran matsi.
Yadda za a zabi kajin lokacin siyan?
Kiwon kaji daga incubator a gida kasuwanci ne mai fa'ida, saboda ban da nama da kwai, gashin tsuntsu da taki ana iya amfani da su azaman takin gargajiya. Amma domin wannan kasuwancin ya zama mai amfani, ya zama dole a zabi kajin da ya dace.
Mafi kyawun lokacin siyan kaji shine Afrilu-Mayu.... Yana da kyau a sayi tsoffin kajin yau. Zai fi kyau a sayi kajin a gonakin kaji, saboda a waɗannan wuraren akwai tabbacin cewa mutane na cikin ƙoshin lafiya da ƙarfi. Koyaya, don zaɓar kaji, kuna buƙatar sanin nuances na zaɓi dangane da shekarun mutane.
Kullum
Don kar a kuskure ku kuma sami tsoffin kajin yau da kullun yayin siyan, kuna buƙatar kula da wasu sharuɗɗa don bayyanar samari:
- Dole kaji ya bushelafiya da aiki;
- Kasan bazai zama mai danko ba. A cikin bayyanar ya dole ne fluffy, ba shi da datti da tarkace na ƙasashen waje;
- Tsoffin 'yan maruƙa a lokacin siyarwa dole ne igiyar cibiya ta yi girma;
- Tabbatar an binciki igiyar cibiya a hankali. Idan akwai ɓoyayyun abubuwa akan sa, to wannan haɓakar samari bai cancanci siyayya ba. Fitarwa ita ce alama ta farko ta cutar mai saurin yaduwa;
- Cloaca dole ne ya zama mai tsabta, ruwan hoda mai launi tare da laushi mai laushi. Kada ya zama akwai datti, alamun danshi a kai;
- Kajin ya kamata su samu dauki ga sauti;
- Baya ya kamata ya zama madaidaiciya;
- Kan ya kamata ya zama madaidaici;
- Saki mai kyau da daidai tare da launi mai launi.
Mako-mako
Wani lokaci manoman kaji sukan sayi tsoffin kajin sati daya don tara kudi da lokaci. Koyaya, wannan ba koyaushe shine yanke shawara daidai da daidai ba. Matasan mutane a wannan shekarun suna da saukin kamuwa da cututtuka. Bugu da kari, jikinsu yana da rauni da rauni.
Amma idan kun yanke shawarar siyan kaji mako-mako, yakamata kuyi la'akari da ƙa'idodin zaɓi na masu zuwa:
- Kowane mutum dole ne ya kasance mai aiki da lafiya;
- Lilin ya zama mai laushi ba tare da datti ba, alamun digo;
- Ciki ya zama mai laushi ga tabawa;
- Kan ya miƙe, daidai gwargwado;
- Bakin bakin yana madaidaici tare da tsarin launuka masu launi;
- Kyakkyawan amsa ga sautuka;
- Ya kamata a riga an yi aiki pecking reflex;
- Ya kamata fikafikan a haɗe su da jiki sosai;
- Cloaca ya zama mai tsabta, ruwan hoda kuma ba shi da datti da ɓoyewa.
Watanni
Kaza da haihuwa wata daya ba safai ake saya ba don saki. Duk da haka, wasu manoma sunyi imani da hakan a wannan lokacin, mutane suna rayuwa mafi kyau kuma suna da kariya ga cututtukan cututtuka... Zai yiwu haka ne, amma bai kamata ku amince da wannan ma'aunin ba. Wani lokaci mutane kowane wata suna yin rashin lafiya sau da yawa.
A kowane hali, sharuɗɗan zaɓin kajin wata ɗaya iri ɗaya ne:
- Ayyuka da motsi;
- Kyakkyawan amsa ga sautuka;
- Plumage - fluffy, ba tare da datti ba, droppings, tare da tsari mai laushi;
- Ciki ya kamata ya zama yana da laushi mai taushi zuwa tabawa;
- Kan ya zama ya daidaita kuma ya daidaita;
- Bakin bakin ya zama mai santsi da launin launi;
- Ya kamata kajin sun riga sun sami ci gaba sosai pecking reflex;
- Yana da kyau a kula da fikafikan, ya kamata a matse su da jiki sosai;
- Cloaca ya zama mai tsabta, mai ruwan hoda, kuma ba shi da kwalliya da ɓoyewa.
Shin yafi kyau girma tare da kaza ko a cikin incubator?
Fasali na ƙyanƙyashe kaji tare da kaza don masu farawa
Yadda ake naman kaza daga kwai a gida ba tare da incubator ba? Wasu gogaggen manoma sun fi son ƙyanƙyashe ƙwai a ƙarƙashin kaza saboda tsari ne na halitta.
Yana da kyau a lura cewa gano kazar da ta shirya kyankyasar ba zai yi wahala ba. Yana da kyau a kula da halayyar kaji. Idan kaza ba zato ba tsammani kajin bai fita daga cikin gida na dogon lokaci ba ko kuma ya tsaya a wurin da daddare, to wannan yana iya nuna cewa halin ɗabi'ar shiryawa ya farka a ciki.
Amma kada ku sa ƙwai nan da nan a ƙarƙashinsa, yana da kyau ka lura da halayen mutum na wani lokaci... Kuna buƙatar barin kajin zama da ƙarfi. Kyakkyawan kaza don shiryawa, lokacin da aka ciro daga cikin gida, yana yin sautin sauti kuma ana yayyage shi da dukkan ƙarfinsa ya koma cikin shiryawa a cikin gida. A wannan yanayin, kiwon tsoffin kajin a gida zai zama mai matukar tattalin arziki.
Dogaro da nauyin mutum, ƙwai 11 zuwa 21 ake sawa a ƙarƙashinsa. Dole ne a raba yankin shiryawa daga sauran kaji. Zaka iya amfani da keɓaɓɓen keji don gidan nest, ko sanya gida a cikin duhu kusurwar gidan kaji.
Tabbatar ciyar da kazata yadda ba za ta mutu da yunwa da kasala ba, wanda hakan ke faruwa sau da yawa. Wajibi ne a tilasta cire kajin daga gida kuma a ciyar da shi a sha shi sau 2 a rana.
Kaji tare da kyankyasar kaza bayan kwana 20-21. Wani lokaci akwai wasu lokuta da kaza, ba tare da jiran cikakken kyankyasar ba, za ta iya jefa sauran ƙwai kuma su yi yawo tare da mutanen da suka riga suka ƙyanƙyashe. Sabili da haka, don hana waɗannan matsaloli marasa dadi, waɗancan mutanen da suka riga suka ƙyanƙyashe ana sanya su a cikin akwati ko a wuri mai ɗumi, ana fara sanya fitila a saman su. A ranakun 22-23, dangin sun haɗu.
Ribobi:
- Tsarin halitta;
- High rayuwa kudi;
- Kaji daga lokacin ƙyanƙyashewa da kuma a cikin zamani mai zuwa suna tare da kaza;
- Tattalin arziki. Wannan hanyar zata buƙaci ƙananan ƙarancin kuɗi.
Usesananan:
- Tsawon tsari;
- Numberananan adadin ƙyanƙyashe kajin a kowane lokaci;
- Akwai yiwuwar cewa kaza-kaza-kaza za su tsinke kwai yayin daukar ciki;
- Kyankyasar kaji ta wannan hanyar za'a iya samun sau ɗaya a lokaci kuma a yanayi mai dumi kawai.
Abubuwan fasalin kiwon kaji a cikin incubator a gida da ciyar dasu
Kiwo kaji tare da taimakon mai incubator yana cikin buƙatu mai yawa, kuma wannan yana bayyane ta fa'idar girma kaji bayan incubator, daga cikin waɗanda yakamata a nuna manyan su:
- Amfani mai amfani. A wani yanayi, ana amfani da incubator din har sau 10;
- Amfani mai sauƙi... Wannan na'urar tana da saukin amfani, baya bukatar cin abinci, shayar dashi, haka kuma babu bukatar damu cewa kaza zata tsinke kwan;
- Kuna iya sawa daga kwai 50 da ƙari a lokaci guda;
- Kaji yana kyankyashe duk shekara... Waɗannan na'urori suna ba da duk ayyukan da ke ba da fitarwa a cikin hunturu da bazara.
Dogaro da ayyukan, incubators na inji ne, na hannu ne kai tsaye.
A cikin incubator na hannu, kowane kwai ana juya shi da hannu... Amfani da incubator na injiniya kusan iri ɗaya ne da na na'urar da aka riƙe. Koyaya, a cikin wannan nau'in incubator, babu ƙwai ɗaya da ake juyawa, amma gaba ɗaya. Bugu da kari, kiyaye iko kan danshi da yanayin zafin jiki a cikin nau'ikan na'urori biyu ya ta'allaka ne da mai shi.
Amma na'urori tare da juya ƙwai kai tsaye suna sauƙaƙa rayuwar manomi, saboda suna da matattarar dijital. Yayin kwanciya da ƙwai, dole ne a saita wani zazzabi, kuma ya kasance mai karko yayin lokacin shiryawa mai zuwa.
Idan tsarin zafin jiki ya tashi ko ya faɗi da ƙarfi, to injin ɗin yana da sauti mai kaifi... Bugu da kari, kwayayen ana juya su a kowane awa daya, wanda ke hana amfrayo makalewa da bawon, kuma yana kara yawan rayuwar kajin. Koyaya, waɗannan na'urori suna da tsada. Amma wannan ita ce kadai hanyar da zaka iya kiwon lafiyayyun kaji.
Yanayin tsarewa
Yankuna
Kiyaye kaji bayan incubator a gida yana da sauki. Ka tuna da wasu 'yan dokoki don kula da gidan kaza:
- Wani mahimmin yanayin dakin shine tsafta. Tabbatar da tsaftace wurin da ake ajiye kajin a kowace rana, cire shara, abinci mara dadi. In ba haka ba, cututtuka na iya bayyana da sauri a cikin ɗaki mara tsabta;
- Idan akwai litter a cikin gida, ana canza shi akai-akai. Ya kamata koyaushe ya zama mai tsabta da bushe;
- Ba abin shawara bane cewa adadi da yawa na kaji sun kasance a wurin da ake tsare da su. Yana da mahimmanci a samarwa da samari sarari kyauta domin zasu iya tafiya, gudu, da kuma cikakken motsa jiki duk ayyukan mota;
- Adadin kiwon dabbobi kai tsaye ya dogara da yankin wurin kiyaye kaji.
Ba lallai ba ne a ajiye kajin a cikin gida koyaushe. A kai a kai, kana buƙatar ɗaukar yawan tsuntsayen waje don yin tafiya, amma zai fi dacewa a cikin watanni 2 da haihuwa. Fresh iska, samun ƙarin abincin kore sune manyan sharuɗɗan cikakken aikin dukkan ɓangarorin narkewar abinci na tsuntsayen.
Haskaka
Yanayi mai mahimmanci na biyu don kiyaye kajin shine haske. Tsawon lokutan hasken rana ya dogara da shekarun samari.
Daga kwanakin farko na rayuwar kaza, ya zama dole a kula da tsawon lokutan hasken rana akalla awanni 18... Wannan sai a rage shi zuwa awanni 10 kafin kaji su kai watanni 4 da haihuwa.
Waɗannan alamomin ba su dogara da nau'in kajin ba. Bugu da kari, babu matsala ga abin da ake kiwon kaji - don kwai ko nama, wannan mai nuna alama ya kamata bai canza ba. Za'a iya kiyaye tsawon lokacin hasken rana a cikin hunturu ta kasancewar ƙarin haske a cikin ɗakin da aka ajiye mutane.
Zazzabi don kiwon lafiyar mutane
Sigogin zafin jiki ya dogara da shekarun tsuntsu:
- Ga mutane na diurnal har zuwa kwanaki 5 na haihuwa, tsarin kula da yanayin zafin jiki mai dacewa a cikin ɗakin ana ɗaukar shi zuwa +32 digiri Celsius;
- Tare da farawar kwanaki 6 na rayuwa har zuwa kwanaki 9, yawan zafin jiki a hankali yana raguwa zuwa + 28 digiri Celsius;
- Daga ranar 10 zuwa rana 20, ana rage tsarin zazzabi da wani digiri 3 + 25 digiri Celsius;
- A lokaci mai zuwa, ya kamata a kiyaye yawan zafin jiki daga +20 digiri zuwa 24 digiri Celsius.
Kula da ƙarancin zafin jiki mafi kyau ana iya tabbatar dashi ta hanyar fitilun wuta. A lokacin hunturu, ana iya shigar da ƙarin masu zafi.
Abinci
Abin da za a bayar a farkon kwanakin rayuwa
Ya kamata a fara ciyar da kaji nan da nan bayan ƙyanƙyashe... Amma har yanzu, yana da kyau a jira ɗan lokaci kaɗan don su bushe, don samun ɗan ƙarfi.
Yakamata a zuba grit ɗin masara kaɗan a cikin mai ciyarwa tare da madaidaicin tushe ko kuma kawai a ƙasan kwalin. Wannan hatsin yana da tsari mai kyau, don haka wannan abincin zai fi dacewa da sabbin kajin da aka haifa.
Kada a ba wa kaji sabbin haihuwa. Wannan samfurin yana da babban abun ciki mai yawa. Hakanan, yawancin likitocin dabbobi sun lura cewa wannan abincin baya sanya damuwa mai kyau akan tsarin tsoka na cikin ciki na sabuwar kaza. A sakamakon haka, samuwar tsari da tsarin ganuwar ciki ta rikice. Idan aka bayar da roughage bayan wannan abincin, zai iya haifar da rashin narkewar abinci.
Ciyar da tsoffin kajin
Abincin mutane na yau da kullun, ya bambanta da sababbin kajin da aka kyankyashe, ya riga ya bambanta. Baya ga masarar masara, ana iya ba mutane wasu nau'ikan abinci:
- Semolina;
- Sha'ir grits;
- Gero;
- Gurasar oat ta ƙasa;
- Alkama.
Tsarin ciyarwa don tsoffin kajin yau yakamata ayi kowane awa biyu... Ya kamata a ba da abinci a ƙananan ƙananan. Yana da kyau kada ku hada hatsi, in ba haka ba wasu mutane zasu fara zabar abincin da suka fi so kuma kawai zasu ci. Sabili da haka, ya fi kyau a ba da gaurayawar abinci daban da bushe.
Don cikakken ci gaba da bunƙasawa, ya kamata a bawa kajin wasu abubuwa ban da hatsi. Ga matasa, cuku na gida yana da amfani ƙwarai. Godiya ga wannan samfurin, jikin kaji yana cike da abubuwan nitrogenous da alli. Ana iya bayar da cuku daga kwana 2-3 bayan bayyanar kajin da safe, kafin a haɗu da hatsi.
Yana da kyau a tuna da hakan kayayyakin kiwo suna ba da muhimmanci ga jarirai... Maimakon ruwa, zaka iya zuba whey, kefir mai ruwa cikin mai sha. A rana ta uku, ana iya ciyar da mutane da ganye. Don abinci, zaku iya amfani da plantain, clover, dandelion, nettle, cizon. A rana ta 5, ya kamata a gabatar da koren albasa. Ganyen albasa na da fa'ida mai amfani - suna ba da kariya mai ƙarfi ga jiki daga cututtuka masu yawa na hanji.
Mako-mako
Mutanen da suka shekara ɗaya da haihuwa sun riga sun fara ba da cakuda masara, sha'ir, oat da alkama. An haɗu da hatsi daidai gwargwado - 1: 1.
Ari ga haka, za a iya saka yankakken ganye da kayayyakin kiwo a cikin hadin. A wannan lokacin, ana iya ciyar da mutane da yawa sau da yawa, amma rabo ya zama babba. Ya kamata a karɓi ciyarwa har sau 4-5 kowace rana.
Lokaci
Daga wata daya ko fiye, ana sakin kajin akan titi domin tafiya. Saboda wannan dalili, abincin da ake ci a wannan lokacin kore ne. Ta hanyar amfani da ganye da sauran ganyayyaki, mutane suna karɓar bitamin ɗin da suke buƙata don haɓakar jikinsu.
Bayan haka an shigar da hatsi mai laushi a cikin abincin mutum yadudduka... Daga wata daya da rabi, ya kamata manya su ci cikakkun hatsi. Kuna iya ba da nama da kashi da abincin sharar gida.
Yadda ake tantance jinsin kaza: kaza ko zakara?
A cikin kwan
Yadda ake gane kaji daga zakara a cikin kwai? Ba da yawa daga cikin masu kiwon kaji za su gamsu lokacin da, bayan ƙyanƙyashe, yawan maza za su kusan 80-90%. Saboda haka, a cikin waɗannan halayen, ana amfani da hanyar tantance jima'i na zakara ko kaza ta kwai. Zai zama alama cewa wannan aikin yana da wahala kuma kusan ba zai yiwu ba, amma wannan ya yi nesa da shari'ar.
Don ƙayyade jima'i na ƙwai, shawarwari zasu taimaka:
- Da farko kana bukata dauki kwai a hannun dama, yayin da kaifin ƙwai ya kamata a juya shi zuwa sama;
- Bugu da ari gudu yatsan hagu tare da saman;
- Idan an lura da zobe da tubercles a ƙarshen sama, to waɗannan ƙa'idodin suna nuna cewa zakara zai bayyana. Idan saman kwan yana da tsari mai santsi - kaza.
A ranar-haihuwa
Yadda za a rarrabe kaza da zakara a ranar tsufa? A wata rana da haihuwa, halayen jima'i ba su bayyana kwata-kwata, saboda haka yana da matukar wahala a iya tantance jima'i. Mata yawanci suna da mafi yawan lush na lush., amma maza, akasin haka, ba su da yawa, a wasu wuraren ƙila ba su da fluff.
A watanni 2
Yadda ake gaya zakara daga kaza a wata 2? A wannan shekarun, ana iya tantance jinsi ta amfani da hanyoyi da yawa:
- Furewa... Mutanen da ke da lada mai yawa mata ne, yayin da waɗanda ke da labulen mara kyau maza ne;
- A wannan zamanin, zakaru suna da tsefe, gemu ya zama ja, kuma fuska ta zagaye;
- A cikin zakaru, kafafu sun yi tsayi, ana iya ganin motsa jiki a kansu;
- A cikin maza, filayen da suka yi girma sun bayyana a wutsiya.
A watanni 3 da 4
Yadda ake rarrabe zakara da kaza a watanni 3 ko 4 Yayinda yakai wata 3, azamar jima'i na mutane yafi sauki, a cikin zakara zaka iya ganin halaye na waje masu zuwa:
- Scallop din ya zama mai haske a launi;
- Creunƙwasa, gemu da 'yan kunne sun zama manya;
- Kafafu sun zama masu tsayi;
- Spurs sun riga sun kasance bayyane akan kafafu;
- Wutsiya tana da dogayen braids.
Hanyoyi don azama a gonakin kaji
Baya ga hanyoyin gargajiya na tantance jinsin kaji, akwai wasu hanyoyin da galibi ake amfani da su a gonakin kaji. Wadannan hanyoyin suna taimakawa wajen tantance jinsi da yawa.
Hanyar Cytogenetic
Ta yaya za a bambanta zakara da kaza ta wannan hanyar? Wannan hanyar ta dogara ne da ƙaddarar shekaru ta karyotype na ƙwayar ɓangaren ɓangaren fuka-fukai masu saurin aiki. Yawancin lokaci a cikin maza waɗanda ba su kai wata ɗaya ba, ƙwayoyin zromosome suna aiki ne a matsayin mafi tsayi metacentric.
A cikin mata, yawan waɗannan chromosomes ya ninka sau 10; W-chromosomes - ƙananan -abi-sun fi yawa a jikinsu. Idan, yayin binciken, an gano cewa Z-chromosome yana cikin jiki a cikin kwafi guda, to wannan kaza ce, idan akwai da yawa daga cikin wadannan chromosomes din, to wani zakara.
DNA
Wannan hanyar, yadda za a rarrabe kaji da mata, tana ba ku damar sanin jinsin kajin da mafi yiwuwar. Ya dogara ne da haɓakar jinin DNA tare da share fage.
Ana iya gano matashi tare da babban daidaito ta amfani da nazarin samfuran ko jinin gaba ɗaya, an wanke erythrocytes. Rashin dacewar wannan hanyar sun hada da tsada da kuma karfi da aiki.
A kan fikafikan
Eterayyade jinsi ta amfani da wannan hanyar:
- Hanya ta farko ita ce duba launin fuka-fuki... A lokacin da yake da kwana 2-3, ana bincika fuka-fukan kajin - a cikin maza sun fi mata sauƙi kaɗan;
- Hanya ta biyu ita ce wajen kirga gashinsa... Wajibi ne a ja fikafikan kajin a yada shi. Kaji ya fara yin yawo da farko, saboda wannan dalilin gashin tsuntsaye na farko 6-7 suna da girma, ba kamar wasu ba. Amma maza suna da fukafukai iri ɗaya.
Zuwa girman
Jima'i na kajin an tantance shi gwargwadon girmansu. Yawanci ana amfani da daidaitattun daidaito don wannan hanyar. Idan mutum yana da ɗimbin yawa na yawan shekarunsa, to shine zakara. Idan taro yayi kadan, to wannan mace ce. Yawancin lokaci bambancin nauyi yana da kusan gram 5.
Yadda ake gaya wa jima'i kaji game da launi?
Usedayyade jima'i ta launi na plumage galibi ana amfani dashi ne ga tsarkakakkun mutane:
- Gudun takalma... A kusan shekaru 1, halayen jima'i an ƙaddara: beige na al'ada ne ga mata, kuma fari ga maza;
- Autosex yayi kiwo... Kaji suna da launuka iri daya - launin toka, fari, baki, kuma maza suna da ratsi;
- Brahmas... Mata suna da ratsiyoyi daban-daban a baya da maki a kan kai. Hakanan maza suna da ratsiyoyi da ɗigo-digo, amma sun ɗan karkata;
- Tsibirin Rhode da New Hampshire. A rana ta biyu bayan kyanƙyashe, ana iya ganin tabo da ratsiyoyi a kan mata; maza ba su da waɗannan halaye;
- Adler azurfa. Mata masu launin rawaya ne, kuma maza lemun tsami ne tare da ratsi mai baki a kawunansu.
Hanyar Japan
Ana amfani da wannan hanyar yin jima'i da kajin a gonakin kaji da yawa. Daidaitan wannan hanyar kusan 95% ne. Koyaya, don aiwatar da wannan hanyar, kuna buƙatar samun ƙwarewa na musamman.
Kafin fara fara azamar jima'i ta amfani da wannan hanyar, ya kamata ka fahimci tsarin al'aurar kajin ka gano bambance-bambancen da ke tsakanin su.
Za'a iya raba maza da mata ta hanyar gano tarin fuka a cikin dubura, wanda baya nan a kaji na gaba:
- Da farko dai, an tsarkake cloaca na kajin daga kwatancen daddawa;
- Na gaba, ya kamata a ɗauki mutum a tafin hannunka, a juya shi, kuma ƙafafu dabam don a iya ganin cloaca a bayyane;
- Dole ne a tura ramin baya, a lokaci guda dole ne a danna kan ciki. Sakamakon waɗannan magudi, tsarin ciki na cloaca zai kasance a bayyane.
Bambancin waje tsakanin suturar mata da maza:
- A cikin mata, cloaca yana kama da nodule mai tsabta ba tare da kumbura ba;
- A cikin maza, ana samun tarin tarin fuka sau da yawa.
Don kauce wa sakamako mara kyau, wannan ƙirar ya kamata ne kawai ta hanyar gogaggen mai kiwon kaji ko manomi.
Reflex
yadda ake rarrabe kajin ta hanyar jima'i ta amfani da wannan hanyar? Wannan hanyar tabbatar da jinsi ana yin ta ne ta hanyoyi biyu:
- Ya kamata ku ɗauki kajin ta ƙwanƙolin wuya kuma ku duba bayan kafafu na ɗan lokaci. Yawancin lokaci kaji kokarin murza kafafunsu, da kuma manne ƙafafun. A lokaci guda, yana haɓaka ƙafafun kaɗan. Kuma bettas, akasin haka, kada ku karkatar da ƙafafunsu, kuma kada ku motsa su, suna rataye a wani mawuyacin hali;
- Kuna iya, akasin haka, ɗauki ƙafa ta ƙafafu kuma duba bayan matsayin kai. Kaji galibi suna ɗaga kai sama, da zakara, akasin haka, rataye ba tare da motsi ba.
Yadda ake bambanta zakara da kaza ta murya?
Yawancin lokaci ana amfani da wannan hanyar ta mutanen Orpington da Cochin. Muryar maza mafi tsananin ƙarfi, kwatankwacin abin ɗoki. A cikin mata, akasin haka, muryar ta fi taushi, galibi suna yin kuwwa. Wannan hanyar ba koyaushe yake ba ku damar ƙayyade halaye na jima'i na mutane ba. Mafi yawanci masanan kiwon kaji ne ke amfani dashi.
Yadda za a ƙayyade shekaru?
Yawancin lokaci yawan kayyadadden abu ne yake yanke shi. Yana da kyau a tuna da siffofin layin ya dogara da shekaru:
- Tsakanin kwanaki 8 da 12 na shekaru, gashin tsuntsu yana bayyana a yankin kafada;
- A cikin lokaci daga kwanaki 12 zuwa 16, fuka-fukai suna bayyana akan amfanin gona da nono;
- A cikin kajin na makonni uku da haihuwa, ana lura da narkakkiyar farko, tare da dukkan fulawar da ke fadowa daga jela;
- A ƙarshen mako na biyar, gashin fuka-fuka suna tashi, kuma fuka-fuka sun bayyana a bayan jiki;
- A makonni shida na haihuwa, gashin tsuntsu yana rufe kai da ƙananan jiki;
- Cikakken plumage yana lura da shekaru 3 da watanni.
Cututtukan kaji
Kaji, da kajin wasu nau'ikan tsuntsaye, masu saukin kamuwa da cututtuka daban-daban. Cututtuka masu zuwa sun fi yawa:
- Avitominosis;
- Guba;
- Rashin narkewar abinci;
- Salmonellosis;
- Ciwon ciki;
- Typhus da wasu da yawa.
Domin kula da cututtuka yadda ya kamata, yana da kyau a san irin alamun da ke kamuwa da cututtuka a cikin kaji.
Gudawa a kaji
Dalilin da yasa broilers ke lalata kaji wani lokaci yana da wahalar ganewa. A ƙasa, bari muyi ƙoƙari mu gano da kuma fahimtar duk dalilan wannan lamarin.
Farin gudawa a cikin broilers: ana iya warkewa?
Sau da yawa, kaji na samun farin zawo. Hakanan ana kiransa pullorosis. Wannan cuta galibi tana faruwa ne a cikin yanayi mai saurin gaske kuma tana saurin shafar hanjin kaji na rauni. Mai cutar wannan cuta bacillus ne da ake kira salmonella. Cutar ta kan yadu ne a wani mataki mai yawa, a cikin ‘yan kwanaki kusan dukkan tsuntsaye na iya yin rashin lafiya.
Yadda ake warkar da gudawa a kaji? Don maganin rigakafi, kuna buƙatar tsabtace ɗakin tarkace, disinfect duk abin da. Hakanan yana da mahimmanci a bincika yanayin zafin ɗaki da iska.
Mutanen da aka dawo dasu suna cikin hallaka. Nama daga tsuntsaye marasa lafiya bai kamata a ci ba.
Cutar gudawar rawaya a cikin broilers: me yasa kuma yaya za'a magance shi?
Wannan zawo zai iya faruwa yayin cututtukan cututtuka, haka kuma idan ba a bi yanayin tsarewa ba. Wani lokaci ana ganin dusar ƙanƙara a cikin cutar Gumboro. A cikin waɗannan halayen, ana yin gwaji, gwaji.
Bayan haka zawo rawaya na iya haifar da damuwa, hypothermia, saboda rashin ingancin abinci. A cikin waɗannan halayen, ana amfani da magungunan mutane don magani kuma an kashe wuraren rigakafin.
Cutar gudawa a cikin kaji: alama ce ta wace cuta?
Gudawar jini yawanci tana faruwa tare da coccidiosis. Wannan cutar tana da hadari kuma yakan haifar da mutuwar duka yawan tsuntsayen. Wannan cutar tana faruwa ne saboda rashin tsafta, ma'ana, rashin tsabtace ɗakin. Wannan cuta ta shafi hanji. Baya ga gudawa, ana lura da halaye masu zuwa:
- Rashin ci;
- Rashin kulawa, rashin aiki;
- Tousled laka;
- Dattin jini da na gamsai suna bayyana a cikin dusar.
Yaya za'a magance idan kaji suna da gudawar jini? Don magani da rigakafi, ya zama dole a tsabtace da kuma kashe wuraren a lokacin da ya dace, yin alurar riga kafi da ba da magungunan da suka dace.
Ruwan guba mai ruwan kasa mai kaza a cikin kaji da magani
Broilers suna da gudawa mai ruwan kasa tare da eimeriosis. Wannan cutar ta samo asali ne daga wasu kwayoyi na parasitic wadanda suke taruwa a cikin hanjin kaji ko kaji. Kamuwa da cuta yawanci yakan faru ne ta hanyar abinci, datti gado, gadfly.
Kwayar cututtuka:
- Mutane daban-daban suna zaune wuri ɗaya tare da rufe idanu;
- Tousled laka;
- Fukafukan suna rataye a ƙasa;
- Rashin ci;
- Gudawar Brown tare da gamsai.
An ƙaddara cutar yayin nazarin. Jiyya ya fi dacewa a yi shi da wuri. Don magani, ana amfani da kwayoyi - coccidiostatics.
Kaji suna wulakanta kore
Cutar gudawa na iya faruwa tare da cutar sankarar bargo. A wannan yanayin, ana gudanar da bincike, bincike. Idan an tabbatar da ganewar asali, to an tsara magani mai dacewa.
Idan babu mannewa, cutar gudawa na iya haifar da ƙarancin abinci mai ƙarewa. A wannan yanayin, ana gudanar da maganin ta amfani da wakilan talla (carbon mai aiki). Dole ne a zubar da abincin da ake zargi kuma a samar da ingantaccen abinci kawai.
Tsutsotsi
Sau da yawa kaji na fuskantar irin wannan cutar mara daɗin ji kamar helminthiasis. Wannan yanayin yana da haɗari musamman, kuma a kusan kashi 50 cikin ɗari na lamura, idan ba a yi saurin magance shi ba, yana haifar da mutuwa. Alamomin tsutsotsi a cikin kaji tsananin gajiya ne.
Babban hatsarin wannan cuta shi ne cewa ya shafi dukkan mutane a daki daya. Ana fitar da tsutsotsi tare da ragowar mutanen da abin ya shafa kuma, tare da abinci, shiga jikin mutane lafiyayyu.
Me za'ayi idan kaji suna da tsutsotsi? Don adana yawan tsuntsayen, kuna buƙatar dasa kajin da ke ɗauke da cutar a cikin lokaci, tsabtace ɗakin, cire duk ɓarnar kuma ku kashe komai. Yakamata a baiwa mutanen da suka kamu da cutar antihelminthic magunguna da abinci mai gina jiki. Ya kamata a ba da magani ga tsutsotsi a cikin kaji da wuri-wuri.
Rigakafin cututtuka
Hanyoyin kariya ga cututtuka daban-daban na kaji sun hada da wadannan shawarwari:
- Tsaftacewa da kuma kashe ƙwayoyin gida mafita saline, caustic soda, bleach;
- Yarda da yawan dabbobin da ke gidan kaji. Yana da kyawawa cewa adadin kajin a daki daya su zama masu matsakaici;
- Ingantaccen abinci tare da babban abun ciki mai gina jiki;
- Yana da mahimmanci don ba da iska ta ɗaki;
- Yarda da tsarin zafin jiki na ɗakin;
- Derarfafa tsuntsaye tare da ƙwayoyi game da cututtukan cututtuka;
- Alurar riga kafi a kan kari
Kiwo kaji aiki ne mai wahala wanda ke buƙatar ɗaukar nauyi. Domin dabbobi su zama masu lafiya, ya zama wajibi a bi duk dokokin kiyayewa. Babban yanayin cikakken girma da ci gaban kajin shine kulawa da kulawa!
Yanzu kun san yadda ake kiwon kaji a gida, yadda ake magance kaji, abin da yakamata ayi idan kaji sun fara samun tsutsotsi, da kuma yadda ake magance gudawa a cikin kaji da manya. Bi duk shawarwari kuma kula da kajin.
Kuma bidiyo kan yadda ake ciyar da kaji: