Lokacin shirya makirci, an ware wani yanki na daban, wanda hasken rana ya haskaka, don gonar inabi. Masu mallakar suna fuskantar aiki mai wahala - zaɓin nau'ikan da ke akwai a cikin fasahar noma kuma suna da ɗanɗano maras kyau. Wannan labarin yana magana ne akan mafi kyawun nau'in innabi, wanda aka ragargaza don sauƙin fahimta zuwa ɗabi'u daban-daban. Zamuyi magana game da sunaye, zan fada muku abin da suke da kuma irin halayen da suke da su.
Sunayen mafi kyau farkon innabi iri
Girma irin innabi da wuri yana da fa'ida ga tattalin arziƙi. Bugu da kari, tsananin balaga na rage kasadar lalacewar daji daga wasu cututtuka ko kwari. Lokacin girma yana kan kwana 95-115 ne... Unungiyoyi suna da daraja ƙwarai saboda dandano da gabatarwar su, tunda lalacewa ba safai ake samunsu ba.
Veles
Veles yana da kyawawan ɗamarar ruwan hoda har zuwa kilogiram 2, kuma a wasu yanayi har zuwa 3 kg. Inabin yana da ƙamshi mai ƙanshi na ƙwaya.
Gandun daji suna da tsayi sosai. Shuka tana jure yanayin sanyi har zuwa debe 21 °. Veles yana da kyakkyawar juriya ga cututtuka, kuma an kimanta shi da maki sama da matsakaici.
Adler
Furaren inabi, waɗanda ke da keɓaɓɓun abubuwan kiyayewa da kyau har tsawon wata ɗaya bayan sun girma ba tare da asarar dandano da ƙanshi ba. Cylindrical bunches sunyi nauyi zuwa 550-700 grams a matsakaita. Dazuzzuka suna da ƙarfi sosai tare da inabi masu ƙarfi.
Shuke-shuke yana nuna juriya ga cututtukan innabi na al'ada, juriya mai sanyi har zuwa debe 24 °.
Jupiter
Jupiter yana da gungu-gundu masu cilini tare da sassautawa. 'Ya'yan itãcen jan launi ko launuka masu launi suna da sifa mai nauyin, nauyin shine gram 4-6, ƙanshi mai ƙanshi mai ƙanshi. Kurangar inabi matsakaiciya ce, juriya ta cutar tsiro tana da kyau. Inabin yana jure yanayin zafi mara ƙasa zuwa 27 °.
Menene nau'in ruwan inabi
Kayan fasaha (ruwan inabi) iri na innabi galibi ana alakanta su da shuke-shuken daji, ƙanana ko matsakaici bunches a girma da girma, da ƙarancin aiki. Koyaya, dandano na 'ya'yan itace an banbanta ta bayanan ban mamaki da ƙamshi mai ban sha'awa.
Wani fasali na 'ya'yan itacen shine babban abun ciki na ruwan' ya'yan itace da ma'aunin sukari da acid.
Muscat
Muscat yana da matsakaiciyar lokacin girki tare da lokacin girma na kwanaki 125-140. Launi na berries shine rawaya tare da amint tint. Goga yana rufe har zuwa 150 gr., Amma akwai samfurin har zuwa 450 gr.
'Ya'yan itacen suna da daɗi sosai, m tare da matsakaiciyar fata. Yawan amfanin gona ya dogara da halaye na yanayi, tun daga 60 zuwa 100 centners / ha. Al'adar ba ta da kyau ga cututtukan innabi na yau da kullun, musamman tare da ɗimbin zafi ko tsawan ruwan sama.
Chardonnay
'Ya'yan inabin na bishiyar matsakaici ne, lokacin girbi yana ɗaukar kwanaki 135-140. Ana nuna goga da sifar silinda-conical, sassauci da matsakaiciyar nauyi, nauyin ya kai kusan gram 100. Berry yana da launin kore mai launin rawaya, fatar jiki sirara ce, dandanon yana da daɗi tare da ƙamshi mai daɗi... Chardonnay ya tsiro sosai a kan ƙasa iri daban-daban, amma ana samun kyakkyawan sakamako a kan ƙasa mai duwatsu da yumɓu. Jurewar naman gwari yayi kadan.
Sauvignon
Sauvignon ɗan inabin fasaha ne na Faransa tare da haɓakar girma na kwanaki 130-135. Bushes suna da ci gaba mai ƙarfi, ganye mai ɗumbin yawa. Theungiyoyin silinda suna da yawa sosai, suna da nauyin gram 75-120.
Berriesananan berries sune launuka masu launin rawaya-kore, kuma ƙarƙashin tasirin hasken rana kai tsaye suna mallakar ɗan ƙaramin launin rawaya. Mai jure wa fure, amma yana da rauni mai ƙarfi ga fure mai laushi da tokalar toka. Lokacin da kasar ta mamaye ruwa, tsiron yakan watsar da kayan kwalliyar ta.
Mafi kyawun sanyi-iri
Inabi a wannan rukunin yana da ƙimar inabi mai matsakaici. Yawancin wakilai masu jure sanyi suna cikin nau'ikan fasaha, amma ana iya amfani da 'ya'yan itacen don amfani sabo. Bambancin ɗanɗanar 'ya'yan itace shine ƙarancin acidity da ƙananan astringency. Wasu yara daga cikin masu kiwo suna iya jure yanayin sanyi na digiri arba'in ba tare da tsari na musamman ba.
Lady yatsunsu
Yatsun mata shine babban innabi mai inganci. Lokacin girma yana ɗaukar kwanaki 150-155, an kafa itacen inabi sosai. Clungiyoyin kunkuntun-conical na babban girma tare da rawaya-koren bishiyoyi na wani tsawan siffa, nauyi ya kai gram 600-900.
Thean bagarren ya haɗu da sukari da kuma zafi mai wartsakewa. Fasalin al'adun: juriya mai rauni ga cututtuka da kwari, dogon miƙa mulki zuwa fruiting a cikin seedlings (gungu an kafa su ne kawai a cikin shekara ta 5 bayan dasa shuki).
Aleshenkin
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari sun nuna da wuri (kwanaki 120 bayan samuwar toho). Bunungiyoyin suna da girma, Na auna nauyin 1-2.7. 'Ya'yan itacen oval suna da launi mai launi amber, suna da daɗi sosai kuma suna da m. Wani fasali na nau'ikan Aleshenkin shine rashin tsaba a cikin rabin nunanniyar 'ya'yan itacen. Kurangar inabi tana haɓaka sosai, hannayen inabi suna ba da fruita fruitanta tsawon shekaru 6-7.
Lydia
Lokacin girbin 'ya'yan itacen lidia ya faɗi a farkon lokacin kaka. Pulan juɓa na 'ya'yan itacen yana da ƙanshi, yana da ƙanshi sosai. Cikakken bunches suna da halayyar launin ruwan hoda. Goga yana kwance, amma ya kai girman girma, matsakaicin nauyi shine gram 120-250. Shuka yana da ƙarfi rigakafi, wanda aka bayyana a cikin babban juriya ga hankula cututtuka.
Mafi kyawun manyan iri
Inabi tare da manyan fruitsa fruitsan itace yana buƙatar kulawa da hankali. Yana da mahimmanci musamman a bi ƙa'idojin fasahar aikin gona domin hana berriesa berriesan busar. Mafi shahararrun a cikin wannan rukuni sune nau'ikan masu zuwa.
Sauyawa
'Ya'yan inabin tebur suna canzawa tare da lokacin girkin kwanaki 110-125. Nauyin buroshi na sako-sako da sikeli kilogram 1.5 ne, amma wasu samfurin suna da nauyin kilogram 2.8.
Dogayen daji mai ƙarfi da tushen itacen inabi. Berry ne manyan-'ya'yan itace, elongated-m ruwan hoda.
Ruwan 'ya'yan itace suna tara isasshen sukari, amma ba a jin zaƙi yayin cin' ya'yan itace saboda toan acidity. Yawan aiki - kimanin kilo 20 a kowane daji.
Lily na kwarin
Lokacin girmar lily na kwari iri-iri sune kwanaki 125-135. Nauyin hannun ya kai kilogiram 1.5. A berries ne m da amber masu launi. Akwai babban juriya na shuka ga cututtuka da kwari, juriya mai sanyi har zuwa debe 21 °, ajiyar amfanin gona na dogon lokaci.
Karni
Kirishmish iri-iri ne da suka wuce karni tare da lokacin girki na kwanaki 125-135. Bunches suna da kamanni iri iri, 'ya'yan itacen rawaya-kore, nauyin buroshi ya kai gram 800-1300. Fasali na al'adun: dandano mai ɗanɗano tare da taɓawar nutmeg, yawan amfanin ƙasa, juriya mai sanyi har zuwa debe 23 ° da kuma kyakkyawan juriya na cuta.
Jupiter
Kishmish iri-iri na matsakaiciyar farkon ripening. Matsakaicin nauyin buroshi gram 250 ne, 'ya'yan berry suna da girma (har zuwa gram 6), an zana su cikin ja ko shunayya. Abubuwan da aka kera a cikin nau'ikan iri-iri sune ƙarfin rigakafi da tsawon rayuwa.
Mafi kyawun iri
Baƙin berry suna ɗauke da adadi mai yawa na baƙin ƙarfe, selenium da tutiya, waɗanda suke da ƙimar gaske ga jikin mutum. Masu kiwo na zamani suna ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo don haɓaka sababbin haɓakar duhu waɗanda ke da matukar jurewa ga cututtuka na yau da kullun da mawuyacin yanayin yanayi.
Codryanka
Al'adun Codryanka sun girma da wuri, suna da alamar kasuwa da dandano, kuma ana ɗaukarsa ɗayan mafi kyawun inabin innabi mai duhu. Koyaya, tsire-tsire yana buƙatar kulawa da hankali, in ba haka ba 'ya'yan itace zasu fara raguwa. Hakanan, rashin fa'ida shine raunin yanayin wasps, wanda zai lalata gabatarwar 'ya'yan itacen.
Kishmish Moldavian
Matashin saurayi ya fara ba da 'ya'ya a cikin shekara ta uku. Gandun daji suna da matsakaiciyar girma tare da manyan gungu, sun kai nauyin giram 190-250. Lokacin girma yana ɗaukar kwanaki 150-160. Fasali na nau'ikan: yawan amfanin ƙasa, yawan abun cikin sikarin, tsawon rai.
Ni'ima baki ne
Manya-manyan ɗumbin yawa da inabi zagaye suna ƙawata daji mai ƙarfi. Lokacin girma na shuka shine kwanaki 115-125. A iri-iri ne resistant zuwa mildew da powdery mildew, amma an shafa launin toka mold. Tsayar da sanyi ya ragu 25 °.
Athos
An samo samfurin ne sakamakon tsallaka Codryanka da Talisman - waɗanda aka fi so da nau'ikan nau'ikan daban-daban. Unungiyoyi suna da ƙananan sigogi, matsakaita yawa. 'Ya'yan itace suna da kyakkyawan dandano wanda ke haɗuwa da abun ciki da sukari da kuma acidity. A inji shi ne resistant ga hankula cututtuka da kwari.
Kuban
Ungiyoyin marmari masu girma tare da manyan duwatsu masu ruwan hoda masu launuka suna sadar da kyakkyawar yardar rai. Inabi yana da ƙarancin juriya na cuta kuma yana buƙatar tsari a lokacin hunturu.
Mafi kyawun iri kore
Nau'in innabi masu haske sune thermophilic. Berries dauke da ƙananan abubuwan gina jiki fiye da 'ya'yan itatuwa masu launi (ban da antioxidants). Godiya ga fa'idarsa da aikace-aikacen duniya, yawancin masu shuka suna son mallakar yankan wannan rukuni. Daga cikin shahararrun nau'ikan fasaha sune masu zuwa:
- Chardonnay;
- Farin Muscat;
- Riesling;
- Aligote.
Shahararrun nau'in tebur:
- Lady yatsunsu;
- Shasloy fari;
- M kishmish.
Mafi yawan iri
'Ya'yan inabi masu amfani da yawa sun hada da nau'in tebur. Gandun daji yana da aƙalla kashi 70% na harbe-harbe masu ba da amfani, kuma maye gurbinsu yawanci suna ba da amfani. Tsire-tsire na wannan rukunin ba su da matuƙar juriya ga sanyi, amma, suna haƙuri da zafi da haƙuri.
Matyash Janos
Balaga ta fasaha tana faruwa ne bayan kwanaki 135. Bunches suna da matsakaici a cikin girma, suna da nauyin gram 160-250. Duhun shuɗi mai duhu ya haɗu da abun ciki na sukari da acidity. Shuke-shuke yana da saukin kamuwa da kumburi da ruɓaɓɓen launin toka, wanda sau da yawa yakan kamu da leafworm, saboda haka ana buƙatar prophylaxis.
Khalili baki
Fure bushewar inabi da wuri (kwanaki 105-115). Akwai karfi da girma daga daji da kuma m ci gaba na itacen inabi. Conungiyoyin conical sun kai nauyin gram 350-500. 'Ya'yan itacen oval akan tari suna manne da juna sosai. Al'adar tana da saukin kamuwa ga mildew da oidium, yana haƙuri da sanyi, yana buƙatar tsari na musamman.
Cardinal
Cardinal shuka tare da matsakaici farkon ripening. Berry ɗin shuɗi ne mai duhu kuma babba a girma. Nauyin buroshi ya kai gram 360-580. Characterizedarfin amfanin gona yana da alaƙa da yawan aiki, amma ba shi da ƙarfi, tun da yanayin yanayi da bala'in yanayi suna da tasirin gaske a lokacin noman. Hakanan akwai ƙarancin juriya ga cututtukan cututtuka da hare-haren kwari.
Don lokacin hunturu, dole ne a rufe daji.
Yawancin nau'ikan nau'ikan da sifofin kowane nau'in suna ba ku damar zaɓar tsire-tsire wanda yafi dacewa da wasu yanayin yanayi. Kuma halayen ɗanɗano na mafi kyawun wakilan ƙungiyoyinsu za su biya bukatun kowane mai sukar lamiri.