Yawancin lambu suna da'awar cewa aikin ƙuƙummawa ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin tilas lokacin da ake noman tumatir. Yana da wahala ayi rashin yarda da wannan ra'ayin, tunda karin mai tushe na daukar abubuwan abinci daga shuka, ta yadda yake rage amfanin ta. Amma akwai nau'ikan tumatir masu daɗi waɗanda aka gina ba tare da finkewa ba, kuma ana iya yin su a cikin buɗaɗɗun ƙasa na yankin Moscow.
Mafi kyaun nau'ikan tumatir don girma a yankin Moscow waɗanda basa buƙatar ƙwanƙwasawa
Mabudin zuwa ɗorewa mai ɗorewa shine madaidaicin zaɓi na ire-iren, dace da takamaiman yanayi
yanki. Yankin Moscow yana tsakiyar layin. Wannan yanki cikakke ne don noman wannan kayan lambu. Nau'in da aka sani tsakanin masu noman kayan lambu a cikin Yankin Moscow waɗanda basa buƙatar ƙwanƙwasawa sune nau'ikan da aka lissafa a ƙasa.
Chio chio san
Ina rantsuwa da lokacin girkin Chill chio san - tsakiyar-farkon daraja. Tumatir na farko sun bayyana kwanaki 100-120 bayan farkon tsiro sun bayyana.
Tsarin ba shi da tabbas, wanda ke nufin cewa amfanin gona yana iya bayar da 'ya'ya a duk tsawon lokacin noman.
Tsayin dazuzzuka ya kai mita 2, don haka suna buƙatar a ɗaure su da goyan bayan abin dogara. An yi wa shuke-shuke ado da kyawawan goge kananun fana ofan 'ya'yan itace masu ruwan hoda mai ɗanɗano mai daɗin ɗanɗano. Mass din tumatir daya 35 g.
Kuna iya haskaka ƙarfin nau'ikan da suka sa ya shahara:
- barga amfanin ƙasa, wanda yake shi ne 4 kilogiram a kowace daji;
- kyakkyawan dandano da halayen fasaha;
- ci gaban nasara a yankuna daban-daban na yanayi;
- juriya ga cututtukan da tsire-tsire na dangin Solanaceae ke da saukin kamuwa;
- yawa a aikace.
Daga cikin gazawa, yana da mahimmanci a nuna buƙata sarrafa ci gaban daji, samuwar su da garter.
Tsarin shuka daidai yake da na noman tumatir mai tsayi 60 x 40 cm. Kulawa ya ƙunshi aiwatar da tsarin aikin gona na gargajiya.
Rocket - tumatir don buɗe ƙasa
An tsara roket ɗin don a dasa shi a cikin gadaje buɗe kuma yana cikin rukunin tsakiyar-farkon iri. Lokacin daga germination zuwa balaga 100-110 kwanaki.
Nau'in iri-iri suna da tsire-tsire masu ƙarancin ƙarfi, tsayinsa 40-60cm. An siffanta daji da karamin ƙarfi da rauni na ganye tare da gajarta internodes. Babban tushe yana haifar da ƙananan inflorescences 4, kowannensu yana ƙunshe da 'ya'yan itacen 3 zuwa 8.
Kayan lambu da kansu ja ne, elongated with a jinsin saman. Matsakaicin nauyin kayan lambu shine 35-60 g.
Kyakkyawan halaye sun haɗa da:
- yawan yalwa, har zuwa 7 kilogiram daga 1m2;
- kyakkyawan dandano da ingancin samfurin;
- juriya ga cututtuka masu haɗari da kwari;
- ba takurawa da sauƙi na kulawa ba, wanda ke kiyaye lokaci da ƙoƙari sosai;
- juriya ga jujjuya tumatir, wanda ke ba ku damar damuwa da amincin amfanin gona akan hanya da yayin ajiya;
- kayan lambu sun dace da gwangwani 'ya'yan itace duka.
Rashin dacewar shine fatattakar 'ya'yan itatuwa a cikin yanayi mara kyau da kuma kula da shayarwa da ciyarwa.
Don namo, ana amfani da makirci 70 x 30, bishiyoyin 6-8 a kowace 1m2. Tare da rashin sarari, zaka iya shuka har zuwa samfuran 12, yayin da suke jin dadi kuma suna tare da girbi mai inganci.
Mai faɗa
Mai faɗa yana cikin farkon balaga iri, zamani daga shukokin shukoki zuwa girkin tumatir na farko 95-110 kwanaki.
Eteraddara shrub har zuwa 50 cm high, halin da aiki flowering tare da mafi karancin bakararen furanni.
Matsakaici-matsakaici, fruitsa fruitsan siliki masu santsi, fata mai haske mai launi ja ja ko rawaya. Matsakaicin taro na tumatir 100 g... Tumatir mai zaki ne, mai nama kuma yana da ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano mai daɗi.
Babban fa'idodin al'adu:
- yawan amfanin ƙasa, daga 1 m2 zaka iya samu har zuwa 8 kilogiram tumatir;
- kyakkyawan dandano da gabatarwa;
- juriya ga manyan cututtuka da kwari;
- yiwuwar girma cikin yanayin greenhouse da gado mai buɗewa;
- rashin dacewa ga yanayin yanayi mara kyau, gami da sanyi da fari;
- 'ya'yan itãcen marmari sun dace da sabo, don tsinkãyi da kiyayewa.
Iyakar abin da rashi shi ne ba za a iya adana amfanin gona ba.
Lokacin dasa shuki, ya zama dole ayi amfani da makirci na 50 x 40, har zuwa shuke-shuke 7-9 a kowace sq. m. Kuma kulawa tana buƙatar shayarwa, sassautawa da ciyarwa akan lokaci ta amfani da takin mai ma'adinai.
Dubok
Furewa da wuri iri-iri Dubok tare da ɗan gajeren lokacin da ya girma, wanda shine 85 kwanaki... Shuka ta samar da tsiro mai ƙarancin girma har zuwa 50 cm a tsayi tare da rauni reshe. Babban ginshiƙin an yi masa ado da ƙananan abubuwa 4-6, kowanne ɗayan yana samar da adadin tumatir iri ɗaya.
Cikakken kayan lambu masu matsakaici 50-100 g, sami siffar da'ira tare da rian ribbing. Tumatir suna da jan launi da kuma dandano mai ƙanshi da ƙanshi tare da daɗin laushi.
Kyawawan al'adu:
- yawan amfanin ƙasa yana kaiwa 6-8 kilogiram daga 1m2;
- azumi har ma da narkar da kayan lambu;
- ikon ba da 'ya'ya a fili da cikin gida;
- kyakkyawan dandano;
- rigakafi ga cututtuka na kowa;
- halin ko-in-kula game da fari da yanayin zafi mai yawa;
- kulawa mara kyau;
- ikon tara tsaba don dasa shuki a kakar wasa mai zuwa;
- ingantaccen kiyayewa yayin adanawa da jigilar kaya a kan nesa mai nisa;
- cin abinci alƙawari.
Dangane da bitar lambu, nau'ikan ba su da wata illa mai ma'ana.
Lokacin girma, dole ne a kiyaye tazara tsakanin layuka 40-50 cm, kuma tsakanin raka'a dasa - 60-70 cm. Kulawa ya haɗa da shayarwa, weeding, loosening, ciyar, hilling.
Dusar ƙanƙara
Ana la'akari da iri-iri farkon balaga, mai ƙaddara, mai fa'ida da nufin namowa a buɗe gadaje. A tsawo daga cikin bushes kai 70 cm.
An kawata tsire-tsire tare da ganye masu tsaka-tsaka. Undedaƙaƙƙen, 'ya'yan itacen marmari sun zama ja a matakin balaga. Matsakaicin matsakaicin tumatir daga 60 zuwa 100 g, amma akwai samfuran da suka kai nauyin 200. Kayan lambu an rufe su da fata mai santsi, a ƙarƙashin abin da ɓangaren litattafan almara ke tare da tsarin nama mai ɗimbin yawa, wanda ke da dandano mai ɗanɗano tare da ɗan ƙaramin acid.
Tumatirin Metelitsa an bashi wadatar abubuwa kamar haka:
- babban aiki;
- kyakkyawan dandano da kyan gani;
- kyakkyawan kariya ga cututtukan cututtukan kayan lambu;
- da ikon da aka adana na dogon lokaci;
- amfani da amfani.
Nau'in iri-iri bashi da wata matsala, saboda haka ya shahara da masu lambu.
Lokacin saukarwa, kuna buƙatar sanya 1 sq. m har zuwa shuke-shuke 6. Kulawa ya haɗa da shayarwa da ruwa mai dumi bayan faɗuwar rana, kiyaye danshi mai kyau, amfani da danshi sama da sassauta ƙasa a duk lokacin girma.
Boney MM
Tumatir matsananci-farkon balaga, ya nuna 80-85 kwanaki bayan shukar. Tsire-tsire ƙananan bishiyoyi ne, ba su wuce tsayi cm 50. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari ne, zagaye, haƙarke da launin ja. Nauyin tumatir 60-80 g.
Babban fa'idodi:
- amintaccen amfanin ƙasa, kowane daji yakan kawo har zuwa 2 kilogiram kayan lambu;
- ikon iya daidaitawa da sauƙin yanayi daban-daban;
- rashin saukin kamuwa da cututtuka irin na al'ada;
- dace da shiri na hunturu pickles da sabo ne amfani.
An yi la'akari da rashin dace in mun gwada low yawan aiki.
Tsarin shuka lokacin namo: 50 x 40 cm, har zuwa shuke-shuke 9 za'a iya dasa ta 1 m2. A cikin kulawa, al'adun ba su da ma'ana, kuma suna buƙatar shayarwa kawai, yin takin gargajiya tare da takin gargajiya ko takin ma'adinai.
Nau'in Sanyin-Tumatir mai sanyi mai jurewa
Da wuri iri-iri, yayin da girbi ya girbe a ranar 85 bayan shukar iri. -Ananan girma, slightlyan reshen bishiyoyi kaɗan, 50 cm a tsayi.
An kawata shi da matsakaici-sized, fruitsa darkan jan duhu masu tsayi aan ƙarami mai kaifi. Ingantattun kayan lambu suna da sheki mai sheki, daɗin nama da kuma ɗanɗano mai daɗin dandano. Juɓe ɓangaren litattafan almara yana ƙarƙashin lokacin farin ciki, fata na roba. Matsakaicin nauyin tumatir 70g.
Halaye masu kyau:
- kyakkyawan amfani, wanda shine 5-8 kilogiram daga 1m2;
- kyawawan halaye na kasuwanci;
- compactness na daji, saboda abin da aka adana sarari akan shafin;
- juriya mai sanyi;
- dogon lokacin 'ya'yan itace;
- saukin kulawa;
- amfanin gona ya dace da nau'ikan amfani daban-daban.
Abin kawai mara kyau shine cewa Jirgin ba shi da cikakken juriya na cuta.
Virwayoyin cuta na iya kamuwa da shi, don haka ana buƙatar bincika al'adun koyaushe kuma, a farkon bayyanar cutar, fara aiki.
Mafi kyawun zaɓi don dasa shuki shine shuka bishiyoyi 4 ta 1 m2. Carearin kulawa ya haɗa da ƙirƙirar kyawawan yanayi masu mahimmanci don al'adun tumatir. Saboda juriya mai sanyi, ba a buƙatar ƙirƙirar greenhouse polycarbonate.
Bunkasar nau'ikan Alpha
Nau'in gargajiya na ƙayyadadden nau'in daidaitacce. 'Ya'yan itacen sun fara raira waƙa daga baya 85 kwanaki bayan shuka. Girman tsire-tsire ya bambanta daga 40 zuwa 55 cm.
Zagayen tumatir cikin taro 55 g dan madaidaici, mai launi ja da halayyar juiciness da zaƙi.
Abvantbuwan amfani:
- babban yawan amfanin ƙasa, tare da 1m2 zaka iya girbi Tumatir kilo 6.5;
- kyakkyawan ingancin dandano;
- juriya ga mafi yawan kwayar cuta da fungal;
- da yiwuwar namowa a wuraren da ba su da kyau don noma;
- salatin dalilin girbi.
Rashin dacewar shine cewa ba ayi noman amfanin don dogon ajiya da jigilar kaya ba.
Tsarin shuka 50 x 40cm: 7-9 shuke-shuke da 1 sq. Wannan tumatir an banbanta shi ta hanyar haɗuwa da rashin fa'ida da ingancin ƙananan qualitya fruitsan itace.
Danko
Wannan nau'in nasa ne tsakiyar lokacin ƙayyadaddun iri. Lokaci tsakanin shukokin farko da cikakkiyar 'ya'yan itacen shine 120 kwanakin... Gandun daji na matsakaiciyar rassa, rauni mai rauni, 60 cm tsayi.
Tumatir mai siffar zuciya ya banbanta da girma da kuma daidaito. A matakin girma, sun sayi jan launi da taro 100-170 g.
Babban fa'idodi:
- matsakaita yawan amfanin ƙasa, ginawa 3 kilogiram a kowace daji;
- kyakkyawan dandano da kyan gani;
- kyakkyawan girma da sifa na asali na kayan lambu;
- juriya fari;
- ɗayan mafi kyawu don aikace-aikace sabo da shirye-shiryen kayan tumatir.
Minorananan lamuranta ana ɗaukar su a kiyaye su da talauci yayin safara, tunda yana da halin fatattaka saboda baƙon bakin ciki.
Dasa yawa yayin noman al'adu - daji 4-5 a kowace murabba'in mita. Daidaitaccen kulawa yayin girma.
Winter ceri
Furewa da wuri tumatir, bishiyar 'ya'yan itacen ta faɗi Kwanaki 95 bayan cikakken harbe. Karami, tsararren tsirrai tare da nau'in ci gaba mai mahimmanci, tsayinsa bai wuce 70 cm ba.
Kayan lambu mai santsi ne, cikakken launin rasberi, matsakaicin nauyinsu shine 100 g.
Babban fa'idodi:
- kyakkyawan sakamako yana kaiwa 9.7 kilogiram a kowace sq. m;
- kyakkyawan dandano da kiyaye ingancin tumatir;
- juriya mai sanyi da rashin buɗaɗɗen yanayin zafi da ƙimar ƙoshin ƙasa;
- juriya ga hadaddun cututtuka;
- ba a lura da fasa kayan lambu ba;
- dacewa ga dukkan 'ya'yan itace gwangwani.
A matsayin ragi, ƙarancin ƙimar yawan amfanin ƙasa saboda iyakantaccen goge a kan kowace shuka.
Lokacin dasa shuki, tazara tsakanin raka'o'in shuki yakamata yakai 25 cm, kuma tsakanin layuka kusan 40 cm.
Duk waɗannan nau'ikan basa buƙatar ƙwanƙwasawa, wanda ke sauƙaƙa sauƙin noman kayan lambu. Kari kan haka, ba wai kawai suna da raha ba ne a fagen aikin lambu, har ma sun sami aikace-aikacen su a cikin jita-jita iri-iri.