A wani lokaci, a cikin gonaki na tsakiyar ɓangaren Rasha, ban da currants, raspberries da cherries, kusan babu wani abu da ya girma.
Amma aikin masu kiwo ba ya tsayawa, saboda haka, tsawon shekaru, yawancin bishiyoyi masu 'ya'yan itace an bred da za su iya girma da ba da' ya'ya a cikin yanayi mai wuya. Wadannan bishiyoyin sun hada da pear iri-iri a cikin Memory of Yakovlev.
Bayani da halaye na nau'ikan iri-iri, sharuɗɗan 'yayan itace
Magungunan pear da ke cikin Memory of Yakovlev sun kasance masu kiwo na Cibiyar Nazarin Kimiyya ta Rasha ta Michurin. An samo ta ta hanyar tsallaka nau'in Tema tare da Faransanci Olivier de Serre.
P.N Yakovlev, S.P. Yakovlev, Ya.S. Nesterov da R.M. Korshikova sun halarci kiwo iri-iri na kaka. Wannan shine aikinsu na dogon lokaci kuma mai fa'ida.
A zamaninmu, nau'ikan Memory of Yakovlev sun bazu a yankuna da yawa na Rasha. Girma da yaduwa ta wuraren nunannun 'ya'yan itace. An daidaita shi daidai don haɓaka a cikin Tsakiya, Tsakiyar Blackasar Duniya da Volasashen Volga na Rasha.
Itace mai saurin girma, mai iya haihuwa, low. Yana da kambi mai tasowa, matsakaiciyar tsaka. Rassan kwarangwal suna a kusurwar dama zuwa itacen.
An ƙirƙira ƙawanya da yawa a kan rassa tare da shekaru. Daidaitattun rassa da manyan rassa an zana launin toka-toka. Haushi yana da laushi.
Ya banbanta da sauran nau'ikan a farkewar koda mai girma, kazalika da iya harba-kafa. Tsarin Frua arean itace simplean ringi masu sauƙi da rikitarwa.
Harbe-harben bara sun yi launin ruwan kasa mai haske. Suna cranked. Akwai lean lentil akan su kuma akwai ƙaya.
Ananan burodi suna lankwasawa daga reshe kuma suna da babban kushin ruwa. Ganyayyaki matsakaici ne a cikin girma. Tsarkakakkiyar tsayi tare da murza saman.
Furen furanni... Rashin fure yana da furanni sau sau 4-6. Rarrabe petals tare da madaidaiciya baki.
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari suna girma a ƙarshen watan Agusta, farkon Satumba, kuma ana girbe amfanin gona a duk watan Satumba.
Ya kasance a kan doguwar sanda... Fata mai kama da pear. Matsakaicin nauyi.
Fatar da ke kan su tana sheki. M fenti a cikin Launi mai launin rawaya mai haske tare da ɗan fari... Launin mabukaci na 'ya'yan itacen rawaya ne tare da ruwan toka mai lemu.
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari tare da kirim mai tsamiwancan yana da dadi kuma mai dadi. Babu astringency.
Suna riƙe da rassa sosai. Adana na makonni da yawa... Suna cinye sabo ne kuma ana sarrafa su. Suna jure wa harkokin sufuri da kyau.
Pears sun fara bada 'ya'ya daga shekaru 3-4... Babban, wadataccen amfanin ƙasa tare da kulawa mai kyau. Tun da itacen ba shi da tsayi, yana ba da damar dasa shuki.
Matsakaicin yawan amfanin ƙasa a kowace bishiya 25 kilogiram. A cikin shekaru masu kyau, tare da wadataccen kulawa da lokaci, yawan amfanin ƙasa na iya zama mafi girma.
Babban tsananin hunturu. A lokacin sanyi musamman, akwai ɗan daskarewa, amma yana saurin murmurewa.
Yana buƙatar wadataccen shayarwa... Tare da shayarwa mai kyau, yana samarda yawan amfanin ƙasa kuma yana ƙara ɗanɗanar 'ya'yan itacen.
Ba batun cututtuka kamar scab.
Abvantbuwan amfani:
- .Asa.
- Saurin girma.
- Lokacin hunturu mai wuya.
- Kai mai haihuwa.
- Scab mai ƙarfi.
rashin amfani:
- Ana samo itsa ofan ofa ofan nauyi daban daban tare da yawan amfanin ƙasa, haka kuma a cikin bishiyoyi masu tsufa.
- Kwayoyin dutse.
Pear iri-iri a Memory na Yakovlev:
Dasa shuki da barin pears cikin ƙwaƙwalwar Yakovlev
Duk wani dasa bishiyar fruita beginsan itace zai fara ne da zaɓin shuka. Lokacin bincika shuka, kula da yanayinta.
Dole ne tsiron ya zama mai lafiya... Ba tare da wani tabo baƙar fata. Babu alamun lalacewa. Ka sami sabo, ba busassun itace ba. Lafiya mai tushe.
Bai kamata ku sayi tsirrai daga kasuwa ba, ya fi kyau saya shi a cikin gandun daji na musamman na 'ya'yan itace.
Wurin sauka
Kuna buƙatar shuka pear a kan ɗakin kwana, bushe. Ya kamata ya zama da haske sosai da rana. Wurare masu babban tebur na ruwan karkashin kasa basu dace da itacen itacen ba. Soilasa ya kamata ya zama mai kyau kuma mai da kyau.
Zai yiwu a shuka irin na Pamyati Yakovlev iri-iri kawai a cikin bazara. Ya kamata a dasa bishiyar saura a ƙasa kai tsaye bayan siye.
Gaskiyar ita ce pear ba ya son dasawa akai-akai, saboda haka sai mu tsayar da wurin dindindin nan da nan.
Iri-iri a Memory na Yakovlev son kai, don haka ba a buƙatar dasa pollinatorwanda yake da kyau sosai ga ƙananan yankuna.
Don dasa bishiya, muna haƙa rami mai zurfi. Pear yana da tsarin ɓullo da ci gaba sosai, saboda haka yana buƙatar sarari da yawa... Zurfin ramin ba kasa da madogara 1-1.2. Girmansa ya kai 0.8-1 m.
Tun da pear yana son ƙasa mai ni'ima, don haka a cikin rami ya kamata ayi amfani da taki:
- humus 2.5-3 buckets;
- yashi 2 buckets;
- potassium sulfate cokali 3;
- superphosphate kofi 1.
Haɗa tare da ƙasar da aka tono daga ramin.
Yanzu motsa kofuna 2 na garin dolomite ko lemun tsami a cikin bokitin ruwa. Hakanan zaka iya yin bayani daga toka na itace. Zuba wannan maganin akan ramin sai a barshi yayi sati daya.
Saukowa
A cikin mako guda, ci gaba kai tsaye don dasa shuki... Fitar da fegi zuwa tsakiyar ramin. Fegi ya zama irin wannan cewa a farfajiyar ya ɗan fi ɗayan girma. Wannan kusan 0.5 m.
Na gaba, zuba tuddai daga ƙasa da aka shirya a gaba. Aauki seedling, kuma a hankali yada tushen a kan tudun, rufe shi da ƙasa.
Nasiha: don samun nasarar saukowa, zai fi kyau idan kuna yin sa tare.
Rufe saman dasa shuki tare da ƙasa ta yau da kullun. Lokacin dasa shuki, girgiza fathoms yadda babu fanko tsakanin asalinsu.
Kula da wurin tushen abin wuya: ya kamata ya zama 5-6 cm sama da matakin ƙasa.
Bayan an rufe bishiyar, ƙasar da ke kusa da ita tana buƙatar yin matsi. Yanzu zuba shi kashi biyu ko uku... Zuba guga daya da farko sannan bayan ruwan ya shanye, zuba na gaba.
Don rage ƙarancin ruwa da hana ciyawa, ciyawa da da'irar da'irar... Yada wani Layer na humus ko peat tare da Layer na 5-6 cm.
Carearin kulawa da iri iri
Bugu da ari muna kula da pear kamar itacen apple... Ana buƙatar shayarwa mai yawa, musamman idan rani ya bushe. Saƙar ciyawar da ke kusa da ciyawa daga ciyawa. Taki da sarrafa cuta.
Kodayake nau'ikan Pamyati Yakovlev ba a fallasa shi da ɓarna, ya kamata a gudanar da aikin rigakafin. Don yin wannan, a cikin bazara, bi da bishiyoyi da ruwan Bordeaux.
Bambancin kulawa da pear shine an rufe shi da dusar ƙanƙara mai yawa a lokacin sanyi... Wasu yan lambu suna amfani da ruwan bole kafin suyi sanyi.
An rufe shi da kankara, wanda ke kare pear daga daskarewa. Tunda matasa pears sun fi saurin daskarewa fiye da itacen apple.
Muna amfani da kayan gwari kan cututtuka don rigakafin. A farkon bazara ko ƙarshen kaka, fesa tsire-tsire tare da 3% cakuda Bordeaux.
A lokacin flowering pear zaka iya amfani da kwayoyi Strobi ko Inta-Vir.
Taki za a iya warwatse kan dusar ƙanƙara a farkon bazara. Ana gabatar da nitrogen tare da carbamide ko urea. A lokacin rani, ƙara potassium tare da watering. Ana buƙatar phosphorus bayan lokacin girma. Superara superphosphate yayin digging.
Yadda ake samar da kambi a cikin pear
Kambi na pears yawanci yakan samo asalidon haka ba a buƙatar datsa abubuwa na musamman. Amma yanzu, idan rassan suna daskararre, to, suna samar da abubuwa masu yawa.
A wannan yanayin, ya kamata a yanke wasu daga cikin waɗannan harbe, sauran kuma a ba su matsayi na kwance. Pear Yana yin 'ya'ya ne kawai a kan rassan a kwance.
Sake haifuwa
Domin kiyaye halaye irin na mata game da sabbin tsirrai, Zai fi kyau a yayata pear ta hanyar yin layi... Don yin wannan, zaɓi reshe akan bishiyar. Amma tunda wannan itace, kuma bazaiyi aiki don lanƙwasa reshe kamar currant ba, zaku iya amfani da wani zaɓi.
Sanya akwati tare da ƙasa a ƙarƙashin reshen da aka zaɓa. Kafin ka cika kwalin da ƙasa, saka murfin filastik a ciki. A tsare zai hana danshi daga evaporating daga akwatin.
Yanzu lanƙwasa reshe zuwa akwatin. Yi wasu ƙananan giciye akan shi kuma sanya shi zuwa ƙasa. Rufe da ƙasa a saman.
Don tushen su yi sauri, yi amfani da Kornevin ko Epin. Shayar da reshe tare da maganin miyagun ƙwayoyi. Sa'an nan kuma rufe ƙasa a cikin akwatin tare da tsare, murfin rufi da kuma peat na peat.
Kula da danshi a cikin aljihun tebur... Tushen reshe a kan reshe an kafa shi a duk tsawon lokacin, amma ya yi wuri don dasa shukar a lokacin bazara. A lokacin hunturu, rufe akwatin tare da tsire-tsire da kyau kuma rufe shi da dusar ƙanƙara.
Ta wannan hanyar mun kasance muna shuka tsirrai tsawon shekara biyu... Bayan wannan lokacin, an raba shuka daga itaciya kuma an dasa shi zuwa wuri na dindindin.
Tare da wannan hanyar haifuwa, yankan sun riƙe halayen mahaifiyarsu kuma sun fara ba da fruita fruitan itace a baya fiye da talakawa.
Daga duk abin da aka rubuta, ya kamata a nuna gaskiyar cewa nau'in Pamyati Yakovlev yana da matukar dacewa don girma... Ko da wani sabon lambu zai iya sarrafa shi.
Abu ne na yau da kullun a cikin lambunan Central Russia, da Siberia da Gabas mai nisa.
Lambu na son wannan nau'in don rashin fahimta, balaga da wuri, jure cututtuka da tsananin taurin hunturu... 'Ya'yan itacen dadi ba tare da astringency ba.
Idan kun dasa pear don tunawa da Yakovlev akan rukunin yanar gizon ku, ba zakuyi nadamar samun wurin ba.
Peam iri-iri Pamyat Yakovleva: