Matsakaicin dankalin turawa iri-iri Rodrigo bashi da wata matsala. An bambanta shi da girman girman tushen amfanin gona da yawan amfanin ƙasa. Ya sami karbuwa tsakanin masu lambu, albarkacin ɗanɗano da tsarin nome mai sauƙi.
Dankalin Rodrigo
Halin hali
Yana ɗaukar Rodrigo lokacin da yake buƙatar tushen kayan lambu ya kai girman iyawarsu tare da tsayayyen fata, shine kimanin kwanaki 70-85... Girbe a wannan lokacin za'a iya adana shi har sai bazara. Ya dace da abinci kuma ya kai ga yanayin balaga, wanda yana da girma mafi kyau duka, amma bawo mai sihiri na baya da thea fruitan itacen.
Dangane da bayanin, matsakaicin nauyin 'ya'yan itacen shine 200 g, amma wasu tubers suna samun 500 har ma da g 800. Tushen shukakken bishiyar yana da launin ja mai duhu. Idanun kanana ne. Theangaren litattafan almara launin rawaya ne, kuma a cikin wasu fruitsa itan itacen yana iya samun layin kirim.
Yana da matsakaiciyar sitaci iri-iri. Abun cikin sa ya fito ne daga 12.5 zuwa 15.4%. Yana tafasa da sauri yayin dahuwa. Hakanan ana amfani dashi don soya, ƙara zuwa miya da salads.
Bayanin iri-iri
Itacen sandar Rodrigo suna da tsayi sosai, tare da mai tsayi-tsaka-tsaka. Ganyayyaki suna da girma a girma, launi mai duhu a launi. Suna da wrinkled tsarin kuma ba balaga... Gefen takardar suna da ɗan raɗaɗi.
Ya yi fure tare da manyan furanni farare. Matsalar fari. Yana girma sosai a kudancin ƙasar da kuma a yankunan arewa.
Zai yuwu a tattara manyan 'ya'yan itace har 10 daga daji ɗaya. Gonaki suna karɓar har zuwa tsakiya na 450 daga kadada 1. Bugu da ƙari, kashi 95% na amfanin gona yana da gabatarwa. Babu kusan kananan dankali.
Rodrigo yana da aikace-aikacen duniya... Baya ga amfani da abinci, ana yin sitaci da kayan maye daga shi.
Fa'idodi da rashin amfani
Kyakkyawan halaye na Rodrigo sun haɗa da:
- juriya mai zafi;
- undemanding zuwa abun da ke ciki na kasar gona;
- juriya da cutashafi wannan nau'in tushen amfanin gona;
- kyakkyawan kiyayewa a cikin hunturu;
- ikon yin tsayayya da lalacewar inji;
- masu kyau halaye dandano;
- amfani da amfani.
Babu takamaiman lahani a cikin nau'ikan. Kwamitin da ya gudanar da binciken ya yi iƙirarin cewa yana cikin halaye masu inganci.
Daga ina iri-iri suka fito
Shin Rodrigo ya wanzu a hukumance? Masu kiwon Jamusanci ne suka yi kiwon sa. A halin yanzu, ana gwada shi ta hanyar noma a yankin ƙasar Tarayyar Rasha. An shirya sanya shi a cikin rijistar jihar kayan lambu.
Dankali iri-iri
Ya kamata a dasa dankali mai inganci mai kyau kawai. Kimanin sau ɗaya kowace shekara 3-5, yakamata a sayi kayan shuka daga gonakin iri.
Taya zaka samu
Ya wanzu hanyoyi da yawa na girma dankali iri-iri:
- girma ƙaramin tubers daga manyan fruita fruitan itace;
- girma ƙananan tubers daga cuttings;
- girma dankali iri daga tsiro;
- samun iri daga saman tuber;
- samun iri-iri daga tsaba.
A yayin ci gaban dazuzzuka, ana yin tsaftacewa don cire tsire-tsire marasa nau'in da cuta. Ana adana dankalin da aka girbe daban da dankali na abinci. An dasa shi ne na farko a ƙarƙashin alfarwa na makonni 2.
Halaye na iri
Dankali iri-iri sun bambanta ba kawai a cikin bayyanar da dandano ba, amma a cikin halaye masu zuwa:
- nau'in nadi;
- yankin noman;
- juriya da cuta;
- lokacin girki;
- sitaci abun ciki.
Bugu da kari, dankali ya kasu kashi-iri dangane da lokacin da ya nuna:
- sosai da wuri (za'a iya tattara shi bayan kwanaki 34 bayan dasa shuki);
- da wuri (an girbe girbi na kwanaki 40);
- tsakiyar-farkon (ana tona tushen kayan gona tun daga ranar 55);
- tsakiyar lokacin (an tattara bayan kwanaki 65);
- tsakiyar-marigayi (ana iya tsammanin girbi kawai daga kwanaki 80 zuwa 100 bayan dasa shuki);
Early maturing iri
Yaran da suka balaga da wuri sun hada da dankalin turawa, wanda aka fara tara shi tun kwana 40 da dasa shi. Wakilan irin wadannan:
- Yaren mutanen Holland "Kibiya", tare da yawan amfanin ƙasa har zuwa cibiyoyin 600 a kowace kadada;
- Ukrainian "Dnepryanka", daga hekta ɗaya yana yiwuwa a tattara har zuwa centres 520 na wannan nau'in.
- Impala, girma duka cikin ruwan sama da a lokacin watannin bazara.
Tsaka-tsakin da iri iri iri
Matsakaici da wuri sun haɗa da irin waɗannan wakilai: "Zabava", "Mriya", "Nevsky", "Sineglazka", "Santa", "Picasso".
Matsakaicin matsakaicin dankali: "Desiree", "Kuroda".
Nau'in waje daban
Ba a girma da dankali mai ƙaranci a gonakin manoma. An dasa su ne daga lambun mai son. Wakilan mashahuri: "Adretta", "Violet", "Lilac haze".
Suna da kyakkyawan dandano, ingantaccen kiyayewa da kuma jure cuta. Bugu da kari, suna da wani sabon abu mai ban mamaki, amma nau'ikan ba su da alaƙa da aikin injiniya.
Girma Rodrigo
Wace ƙasa za a shuka da yadda za a kiyaye
Don dankwalin Rodrigo, kasar da aka zaba don dasawa ba ta da wani muhimmanci. Amma ya zama dole a samar da gabatarwar nitrogen da takin mai magani. Ba'a ba da shawarar dasa shi kusa da bishiyoyin apple ko gadajen tumatir ba.
Yana da kyau a dasa dankali bayan hatsi ko hatsi. Ana iya samun girbi mai kyau ta hanyar dasa shi bayan albasa ko kabeji.
Kula da ƙasa tare da kula da sako shi ne mafi alh .ri gudanar da shi kafin germination dankali
A lokacin noman, ya zama tilas a kwance ƙasa kuma a haɗa bishiyar. Ko da a cikin watannin rani masu rani, iri-iri na Rodrigo ba abu ne mai wuyar shayarwa ba.
Don haka dazuzzuka ba su buga irin waɗannan matsaloli masu tsanani kamar scab, ƙarshen ɓarkewa, ya kamata a hana nematodes ta fesa tsire-tsire da hanyoyi na musamman.
Don yaƙi matsalar da tafi yawa ita ce Colorado dankalin turawa, irin ƙwaro amfani da irin wadannan kwayoyi:
- Aktara;
- Sarauta;
- Daraja;
- Walƙiya;
- Alachi;
- Corado;
- Kwamanda.
Ana shirya don saukowa
Wadancan tubers din wadanda aka tsara su don shuki suna wucewa ta hanyar ciyawar kai tsaye bayan girbi. Don yin wannan, a cikin ɗaki mai haske, an watsa dankali a cikin yadudduka 2-3.
Tuni bayan kwanaki 10 a tubers kafa koren abu da ake kira solanine... Mai ɗanɗano a cikin ɗanɗano, za a kiyaye shi da aminci daga rodents. Hakanan, lalacewar inji zai warke. Ana iya yin wannan aikin a cikin bazara.
Lokacin shuka dankali, ana dasa Rodrigo a cikin ƙasa kawai saiwafin lafiya. Don gano fruitsa fruitsan diseaasedan cuta, ana nitsar dasu cikin maganin urea. Sanya kilogiram 1.5 na urea a cikin bokitin ruwa kuma sanya dankalin can. Dankalin turawa bai dace da shuka ba.
A saman tushen amfanin gona, cututtukan cututtukan cututtuka (scab, alternaria, phomosis, ƙarshen cutar, rhizoctonia). Don hana ci gaban waɗannan cututtukan yayin noman, ana kula da dankali da bio-fungicide kafin a dasa. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da: Planriz, Fitosportin, Alirin, Baxis, Binoram.
Makonni 1.5-2 kafin saukarsu, an dasa su don yawan danshi ya fito daga ciki. An shimfiɗa shi a wuri mai dumi, alal misali, a cikin greenhouse kuma an rufe shi da riguna. Wannan hanya tana rage haɗarin lalacewar tubers yayin dasa shuki.
Ana ba da shawarar shuka dankali kafin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa mai nauyi. Don tsiro ya bayyana, ya isa ɗaukar kayan dasa cikin ɗumi mai dumi makonni 3 da suka gabata.
Idan babu wadatar danshi, to dankali yafa masa ruwa lokaci-lokaci... Dankalin ya shirya don dasawa lokacin da harbe ya kai 1 cm, kuma rudiments na tushen sun bayyana a ƙananan ɓangaren 'ya'yan itacen.
Masu lambu sun toka dankalin da toka kafin su dasa. An yi imanin cewa wannan hanya tana taimakawa wajen ƙarfafa tushe da ƙara yawan amfanin ƙasa.
Lokacin dasa shuki dankali, ya zama dole don tabbatar da cewa kasar ta zama sako-sako kuma ba ta tsoma baki tare da ci gaban tushen amfanin gona. Don wannan, ana yin huɗa mai zurfi a cikin kaka. An huda ƙasa mai yashi mai haske a cikin bazara, jim kaɗan kafin a dasa.
An inganta ƙasa mai yalwa ta hanyar gabatar da yashi mai laushi da takin gargajiya. An yi ƙasa mai yashi da nauyi ta hanyar ƙara ƙasa mai laka da kwayoyin halitta.
Domin takin kasar lokacin da ake huda, ana amfani da takin zamani, taki, taki mai danko da superphosphate.
Tsarin shuki mataki zuwa mataki
Ana shuka dankali a watan Mayu, lokacin da kasar gona a zurfin 10 cm warms har zuwa digiri 9. Ana dasa dankalin turawa a cikin rarar da aka riga aka yi. A cikin ƙananan yankuna, an dasa shi "a ƙarƙashin shebur." Nisa tsakanin daji yakai akalla 80x35 cm An birne tuber zuwa zurfin 10 cm.
Mafi girman kayan shuka, da rata mafi girma tsakanin ramuka... Amma zurfin sakawa bai canza ba (10 cm).
Idan wurin sauka kadan ne, to sai a sanya toka da humus a cikin kowane rami, sai a dora dankalin turawa a kai. Sannan ramin an rufe shi da ƙasa.
An ba da shawarar dasa dankali kamar kwai kaza. Idan kun yi amfani da 'ya'yan itacen da suka fi girma saboda wannan, to wannan zai ba da hujja ƙima game da buƙatar dasa kayan, kuma ba zai shafi karuwar amfanin ƙasa ba.
Kafin dasa shuki, ana iya yanyanka manyan dankali zuwa sassa 2 tare da tushen amfanin gona ta yadda duka bangarorin zasu sami tsiro sama kuma su bada harbe mai kyau.
Rodrigo iri-iri m yana samun karbuwa tsakanin masu lambu da matan gida... Yana da kyau girma da manyan dankalin turawa akan rukunin yanar gizonku, wanda zaku iya dafa jita-jita gwargwadon girke-girke wanda zaku daɗe dashi wanda zai sami sabon dandano.