Amfani da takin gargajiya yanzu yana ƙara samun farin jini. Magungunan gargajiya na iya zama na asali ne na tsire ko dabba. Yin amfani da takin gargajiya na halitta yana da tasiri mai amfani akan ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin ƙasa. Don haka, alal misali, takin gargajiya yana ba da abinci ga tsutsar doron ƙasa waɗanda ke sassauta duniya kuma su shayar da tsire-tsire tare da abubuwan da ke buƙata, sannan kuma albarkacin takin gargajiya, ƙasa ta zama mai sauƙi kuma mafi kyau yana ba iska da danshi damar wucewa. Abin da takin gargajiya za a iya amfani da shi a cikin ƙasa, za mu ci gaba da gaya muku.
Abubuwa masu amfani na ash a matsayin taki a gonar
Shekaru da yawa da suka gabata, kakanninmu sun fara amfani da toka, suna lura da abubuwan da suka dace da su. Amfanin abu abu ne mai ƙima. Sun sanya lambuna da toka, sun yayyafa raunuka da shi, sun wanke gashinsu. Abun da ke ciki yana cike da abubuwan jan hankali:
- P (phosphorus);
- Ca (alli);
- Mg (magnesium);
- Ka (potassium);
- Na (sodium).
Toka ta ƙunshi abubuwa da yawa da yawa, kawai banda shine nitrogen. Gabatarwar toka a cikin ƙasa yana ba da gudummawa ba kawai don haɓaka ta ba, har ma yana tsara ta. Matsayin acidity na ƙasa yana raguwa, ya zama mai sassautawa. Toka ba ta da sinadarin chlorine, hakan ya sa ta zama mafi kyau ga amfanin gona waɗanda ba sa haƙuri da chlorine.
Idan har ana amfani da shi daidai, to amfani da toka mai yiyuwa ne ga waɗancan nau'ikan ƙasa:
- Clayasa mai yumɓu mai nauyi... Lokacin da aka kara toka, kasar za ta yi ta karyewa. Adadin aikace-aikacen ya dogara da matakin ƙarancin acidity, la'akari da amfanin gonar da aka shuka a wannan yankin. A matsakaita, adadin halatta na aikace-aikacen toka ta 1 sq. mita daga gram 150 zuwa 810. An ba da shawarar kawo toka a cikin irin wannan ƙasa a lokacin bazara.
- Sandy ƙasa. A cikin irin wannan ƙasa, dole ne a kawo toka a lokacin bazara, don haka lokacin da dusar ƙanƙara ta narke, duk abubuwan alamomin da ke da amfani ba sa zurfafawa cikin ƙasa da narkewar dusar ƙanƙara. Inganta ingancin wannan ƙasa kuma ya shayar da shi da abubuwa masu amfani.
- Acidic ƙasa. Yana daidaita acidity, wadatar da ma'adanai.
Kada a saka ash a cikin solonetzic ƙasa!
Taki ya fi dacewa da tsire-tsire masu zuwa:
- dankali - yayin aikin nome kasar gona don dasawa a farashin gilashi 1 da 1 sq. mita;
- tumatir, eggplant, barkono - kofuna 1.5 da 1 sq. mita lokacin dasa shukoki a wuri na ci gaba na dindindin;
- zucchini, squash, cucumbers - ya zama dole don ƙara gilashi 1 a kowace sq 1. mita;
- albasa, tafarnuwa - lokacin dasa shuki, ƙara kofuna 2 da 1 sq. mita;
- beets, faski, radish, karas - ƙara gilashi 1 da murabba'in mita 1 zuwa ƙasa yayin shuka. mita;
- wake, wake, letas, dill - gilashin 1 a 1 sq. mita;
- kabeji - 2 kofuna waɗanda 1 sq. mita.
Baya ga kayan lambu, toka na da tasiri mai amfani a kan ci gaban strawberries, bishiyoyi masu 'ya'yan itace, da furanni iri daban-daban.
Lokacin dasa bishiyoyi, kilo 1-2 na toka da aka gauraye da ƙasa ana zuba su cikin rami da aka haƙa. Ba'a ba da shawarar a cika toka a cikin tsarkakakkiyar sigarsa ba, tunda lokacin da aka yi mu'amala da ita, tushen tsiron na iya ƙonewa.
A yayin ci gaban tsire-tsire, ana amfani da toka na itace azaman ƙarami:
- Don dankali, yayin hawa dutse, an zuba cokali 1.5-3 na toka a ƙarƙashin kowane daji.
- Don strawberries - murƙushe ƙasar da aka kwance a ƙimar kofuna 2 da 1 sq. mita.
- Takin albasa da tafarnuwa a cikin farashin 1 kofin da 1 sq. mita.
Ana amfani da maganin toka a matsayin ci gaban mai kara kuzari don danshi. Wajibi ne don tsar da toka a cikin rabo na gram 20 na ash a lita 1 na ruwa.
Ya kamata a shayar da wannan maganin tsawon awanni 24, sa'annan a nitsar da tsaba a ciki na tsawon awanni 6.
Zagi yana haifar da ƙarancin tsutsar ciki a cikin ƙasa da ƙwayoyin cuta da ake buƙata don shuke-shuke da ke sharar ƙasar.
Ba a amfani da toka:
- Don tsire-tsire masu girma akan ƙasa mai guba - zobo, kabewa, turnip, blueberry.
- Don furanni - hydrangeas, azaleas, magnolias.
- Don samari, har sai ganye 3 sun bayyana akan su.
Lemun tsami don takin ƙasar a gonar a bazara
Abu mai mahimmanci kuma mai mahimmanci don haɓaka ƙarancin ƙasa, mai ƙunsar Ca da Mg a cikin abin da ya ƙunsa. An yi amfani dashi a cikin lambun don rage acidity na ƙasa. Acidara yawan acid a cikin ƙasa sakamakon lalacewa, zaizawa da rage yawan amfanin ƙasa. A sakamakon haka, kasar ta zama sako-sako kuma tana rike danshi mafi kyau.
Ana amfani da limed liming don nau'ikan ƙasa masu zuwa:
- loam mara nauyi - gram 240 a kowace murabba'in mita. mita;
- yashi - gram 250 a kowace murabba'in mita 1;
- matsakaici loam - 360-750 grams a kowace murabba'in mita. mita;
- nauyi mai nauyi - 400-810 grams ta 1 sq. mita.
Abubuwan fa'idodi na fluff sune:
- kara mahimmin aiki na ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ke rayuwa a cikin ƙasa;
- inganta abun da ke ciki da tsarin ƙasa;
- wadatar ƙasa tare da microelements;
- kunnawa na ci gaban shuka;
- raguwa a matakin ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta masu guba a cikin tsire-tsire.
A lokacin bazara, kafin a huce ƙasa, lemun tsami a warwatse a kan wurin, an ba da taki ko humus a kanta kuma ana huɗa ƙasa. Saboda ruwan sama, ana rarraba lemun tsami a cikin ƙasa, yana kaiwa ga asalin shukar. Don haka, tsarin liming zai cika ƙasa da abubuwan da ake buƙata masu amfani har zuwa shekaru goma,
Haka kuma yana yiwuwa a aiwatar da ƙwanƙwasa a ƙananan rani a cikin bazara kafin farkon laɓewar ƙasa da hadi. Godiya ga lemun tsami, ƙarfin sha na ƙasa yana ƙaruwa kuma ana amfani da takin da ake amfani dashi cikin sauri kuma mafi kyau. Lemun tsami, a cikin adadin kilogram 2.5, dole ne a haɗe shi da humus kuma a rarraba shi a lambun. Tasirin zai zama daidai da lokacin daɗa kilogram goma na garin lemun tsami.
Zaka iya yin garin lemun tsami a gida ta hanyoyi masu zuwa:
- Zuba mai sauri a kan shimfidar ƙasa a cikin layin na 9 cm kuma fesa shi da ruwa ta amfani da kwalba mai fesawa.
- Jira minti 30 don lemun tsami yana da lokacin kashewa da bushewa.
- Tattara garin da aka samu, sannan a sake yayyafa sauran dunƙulen. Yi wannan aikin har sai babu sauran dunƙulen da suka rage.
Don kilogram 100 na lemun tsami, yawan ruwan ya zama bai fi lita 4 ba.
Adadin lemun tsami da ake buƙata don aikace-aikace ga ƙasar yana lasafta gwargwadon asidinsa:
- mafi yawan acidic (pH kasa da 4) —550—600 gram a kowane murabba'in mita. mita;
- acidic sosai (pH 4) —450—550 grams a kowace murabba'in mita. mita;
- acidic (pH 4-5) -350-450 gram ta 1 sq. mita;
- matsakaiciyar acid (pH 5-6) 275-310 gram ta 1 sq. mita.
Lokacin girma dankali, ba a amfani da liming, saboda wannan na iya raunana rigakafin sa ga cututtuka! Kada ayi amfani da liming lokacin girma da karas da radishes. Sun daina haihuwa.
Kada ayi amfani da dusar kan ƙasa, jim kaɗan kafin hakan ya hadu da taki!
Ta yaya zaku iya amfani da kek na mustard a cikin ƙasar
Amfani da kek ɗin mai a matsayin babban sutura yana da fannoni biyu masu kyau:
- ƙara yawan aiki;
- kare tsirrai daga cututtuka da kwari masu cutarwa.
A matsayin tufafi na sama, kawai kek da aka matse mai sanyi, busasshe da ƙasa, ya dace. Idan anyi amfani da tsarin zafin jiki mai tsananin gaske yayin matsi, kuma anyi amfani da sinadarai masu amfani da sinadarai, to amfani da irin wannan kek din zai haifar da danniyar tsire-tsire.
Kayan alade na mustard yana da abubuwan amfani masu zuwa:
- yana hana haɓaka da yaduwar fungal da ƙwayoyin cuta masu lalacewa waɗanda ke ba da gudummawa ga cututtuka irin su ƙarshen bushewa da fusarium;
- yana tsoratar da kwari.
Ana gabatar da kek ɗin a cikin ƙasa cikin ruɓaɓɓen yanayi ko kuma a yanayin tokar da aka bari bayan ƙonewa.
Sakamakon aikace-aikace shine:
- inganta ingancin ƙasa mai ƙarfi;
- lokacin amfani dashi azaman ciyawa, an hana danshin danshi;
- gurɓacewar ƙasa ta ƙwayoyin cuta masu cutarwa da ƙwari iri-iri sun ragu.
Ya kamata a yi amfani da kek na mustard ta wannan hanyar:
- lokacin dasa dankali, tumatir, eggplant, barkono, ya zama dole a zuba cokali 1 na kek din mai a cikin ramin;
- don albasa da tafarnuwa, a ko'ina a rarraba dunkulen kek a ɗakuna don mita 1;
- lokacin dasa shuki strawberries - 0.5 tablespoons da rami;
- shuka karas, faski, seleri, beets - 1 dinka ta mita 1;
- don cucumbers, squash, zucchini - cokali 1 tebur.
Don haɓaka ayyukan abubuwan haɗin, bayan yin biredin, ya zama dole a yayyafa shi da ƙasa.
Daidaita amfani da kofi da aka yi amfani da shi ko kuma kofi
Kofi yana ƙara amfani da shi azaman kayan haɓaka na kayan lambu a cikin kayan lambu da na lambu. Irin wannan takin ya dace da kowane irin ƙasa.
Ya ƙunshi abubuwa da yawa da ake buƙata don shuke-shuke:
- potassium;
- magnesium;
- alli;
- phosphorus;
- nitrogen.
Bayan ƙara kauri, sai ƙasa ta zama mai sassauƙa kuma mai saurin ratsawa. Hakanan, wannan nau'in taki yanayi ne mai fa'ida ga tsutsotsi na duniya kuma yana aiki ne a matsayin abin sake wa kwari lahani.
Hanyar amfani da kofi mai barci:
- lokacin farin ciki ya bazu a cikin ramuka tare da tsire-tsire kuma ana shayar da shi sosai da ruwa;
- lokacin da ake dasa shuki a wuri na dindindin na girma a cikin ramin, ƙara ɗan kauri. Yana da tasiri mai fa'ida musamman akan ci gaban tumatir;
- amfani da shi azaman layin lambatu;
- lokacin da aka gauraya shi da ciyawar ciyawar ba za ta sami ɓarkewa lokacin mulching;
- a cikin diluted form ana amfani dashi don shayarwa;
- gauraye da tsaba lokacin shuka, sakamakon haka kwayayen zasuyi girma da sauri.
Hakanan zaka iya yin takin mai gina jiki tare da ƙarin filayen kofi. Yawan girkin kamar haka:
- filayen kofi - 45% na duka taro;
- ciyawa mai laushi - 18%;
- busassun ganye - 42%
- kashi kashi - 2.5 hannu;
- sabo ne ƙasa - 1 shebur.
Tattara ta fi kyau a shirya a cikin ramin takin. Idan babu rami, to zaku iya dafa shi a ƙasa, amma koyaushe a wurin da aka kiyaye shi daga ruwan sama da iska. A saman wannan cakuda dole ne a zubar da ruwa kuma a gauraya shi da kyau. Za a iya ƙara 'ya'yan itace da suka lalace don inganta aikin ƙanshi. Tare da sanda don samun iska, dole ne a yi ramuka a cikin tari. Girman tsibirin, shine mafi kyawun yanayin takin.
Lokacin dasa bishiyoyi masu fruita fruitan itace, ana ba da shawarar a ƙara takin a cikin ramin sannan a watsa shi a jikin akwatin. Wannan zai taimaka wajen riƙe danshi da hana ci gaban weeds.
Amfani da ganyen da ya faɗi azaman taki a lokacin bazara
A ƙarshen kakar, masu lambu suna ƙoƙari su kawar da ganyen da suka faɗo ta hanyarsu - suna ƙonawa ko ɗaukarsa zuwa kwandon shara. Koyaya, ana iya amfani da ganyen da suka faɗi azaman taki.
Ganyen da ya faɗo yana ɗauke da abubuwa kamar su:
- Ka (potassium);
- Fe (baƙin ƙarfe);
- Mg (magnesium);
- P (phosphorus);
- S (sulfur);
- Ca (alli);
- N (nitrogen).
Hanya mafi sauki don takin bishiyoyi masu fruita isan itace shine tono a cikin akwati tare da radius na mita 1, cire saman ƙasa zuwa zurfin 25 cm kuma sanya sararin samaniya tare da ganyen da suka faɗi, gami da ganyen goro, tare da ƙarin gram 500 na ƙwanƙun kaza, ruwa sannan a bar shi har kwana uku. Bayan kwana 3, yayyafa ganyen da ƙasa. -Ara zafin rai, ganye ba wai kawai zai iya amfani da tushen itacen da abubuwa masu amfani ba, amma kuma zai kare kariya daga daskarewa a cikin sanyi. Don takin zamani, zaku iya amfani da ganyen da suka fadi ba kawai, har ma da ganyen kabeji da suka rage bayan girbi.
Wata hanyar amfani da ganye ita ce takin:
- Ana sanya ganyen da suka faɗi a cikin ramin takin;
- Bayan haka, ana narkar da takin nitrogen - gram 25 na guga 1 na ruwa ana zuba ganyen;
- Da farkon bazara, ana gauraya ganyayyaki kuma, idan ya cancanta, a sake shayar dasu;
- An haɗu da ciyayi tare da takin da aka shirya.
Ana samun takin da ya fi gina jiki daga ganyayen goro. Amma takin daga ganyen tumatir yana matsayin kayan ado na sama da kuma hanyar magance aphids.
Yadda ake amfani da kumburin hatsi
An yi amfani dashi don shuke shuke-shuke, da takin gargajiya. Don samun takin daga husks na sunflower, ya fi kyau a ware wani akwati daban, saboda kwandunan sun bazu na dogon lokaci. Bayan bazuwar, ya zama dole a gauraya da mullein, tunda yana da wadatar nitrogen, kuma babu isasshen sa a cikin kwandon.
Lokacin dasa shuki dankali, tumatir, kwalliya za a iya sanya su cikin ramuka. Hakanan, ana amfani dashi lokacin dasa bishiyoyi da bishiyoyi.
Hakin da aka kara wa kasar zai sa ya zama mai sako-sako kuma ya inganta yaduwar ruwa da samun isashshen oxygen a cikin tsarin tushen shuka.
Hullun sun bazu a kan ƙasa kamar ciyawar ba za ta ruɓe ba. Launin ciyawa ya zama mai kauri 2.5 cm. Irin wannan shimfidar ba zai ba da izinin danshi ya ƙafe ba kuma zai hana haɓakar ciyawar.
Gabatar da ciyawa a cikin ƙasa
Bambaro shine busasshen kwayar hatsi da hawa amfanin gona. Ana amfani da bambaro da aka samo daga waɗannan nau'in shuka a matsayin taki:
- alkama;
- hatsi;
- sha'ir;
- wake
Kan aiwatar da bazuwar bambaro a cikin ƙasa yana faruwa a ƙarƙashin rinjayar nitrogen. Nitarin nitrogen a cikin ƙasa, da sauri aikin ke faruwa. Don hanzarta bazuwar, ana bada shawarar a yi amfani da bambaro tare da nitrogen ko taki.
Bakuran da aka gabatar cikin tsarkakakken tsari yana sharar ƙasa da acid iri-iri yayin bazuwar, wanda hakan ke shafar ci gaban tushen tsarin. Sabili da haka, yana da mahimmanci don ƙara nitrogen. Yana kawar da mummunan tasirin acid akan tsirrai kuma deoxidation ke faruwa.
Alkama alkama ta ƙunshi:
- Ni (iodine);
- Co (cobalt);
- Mn (manganese);
- Zn (tutiya);
- Na (sodium);
- Fe (baƙin ƙarfe);
- Mg (magnesium);
- bitamin D;
- B bitamin;
- bitamin A.
Sha'ir ɗin sha'ir yana da wadataccen abubuwa kamar:
- Ca (alli);
- P (phosphorus);
- K (potassium);
- Mg (magnesium);
- Ni (iodine);
- Fe (baƙin ƙarfe);
- Na (sodium);
Ya kuma ƙunshi:
- zare;
- lysine;
- furotin;
- bitamin D;
- bitamin A;
- bitamin PP;
- bitamin E
Oat bambaro ne cike da:
- baƙin ƙarfe;
- cobalt;
- potassium;
- zare;
- carotene;
- furotin.
Strawwayar wake ta ƙunshi:
- lysine;
- zare;
- furotin;
- phosphorus;
- alli;
- magnesium;
- bitamin C;
- bitamin PP;
- B bitamin.
Hakanan, ban da gabatar da bambaro a cikin ƙasa, ana amfani da shi azaman ciyawa. Yana hana danshin danshi daga gadaje da ci gaban weeds.
Fa'idodi da cutarwa na bawon albasa
Bawon albasa ana amfani dashi azaman taki a cikin hanyar kayan kwalliya, tincture, kuma a matsayin ciyawa. An shirya broth kamar haka - gilashin husk guda biyu (cika gilashin sosai) an zuba su da bokitin ruwa. Zafin ruwan ya zama digiri 40. Nace na tsawon awanni uku da rabi. Aiwatar:
- Idan ya kasance launin rawaya na ganyen kokwamba, ba da ruwa sau da yawa bayan kwanaki 14.
- Ruwa lokacin da tsire-tsire na cikin gida suka bushe. Tsarin tushen ya warke da sauri;
- Ana yayyafa tsire-tsire yayin girma kuma ana shayar mako guda kafin dasawa. Wannan yana ba da gudummawa ga saurin dasa shuki a sabon wuri.
Ana yin tincture din ne daga 0.5 kilogiram na albasar albasa cike da lita biyu da rabi na ruwan dumi. Dole ne a nace wannan abun har tsawon awanni 18-19 a cikin daki mai duhu.
Aiwatar:
- Idan akwai fure-fure akan cucumbers. Ana yin fesawa har sau 4 tare da tazarar kwanaki shida.
- Idan tulips, hyacinths, daffodils, crocuses daskare a lokacin bazara frosts, shayar da furannin kuma zasu warke.
- An yi amfani dashi don yaƙi da mites gizo-gizo.
An yi amfani da tincture da aka shirya nan da nan. Bai dace da ajiya ba, saboda ya rasa dukiyarsa.
Tebur na taƙaitaccen takin zamani da ake amfani da shi a shafin
Taki | Fa'idodi | rashin amfani |
Ash | Yana sanya ƙasa sassautawa, saturates tare da abubuwa masu amfani, yana rage matakin acidity, tsaba da aka jiƙa a cikin maganin ash toho da sauri. | Wuce gona da iri a cikin ƙasa na haifar da ƙarancin ƙwarin duniya da ƙwayoyin cuta masu amfani. Idan saiwoyi ya haɗu da toka, saiwajen shukoki na iya ƙonewa. |
Lemun tsami | Rage matakin ƙasa acidity, kasar gona ta zama sako-sako, rike mafi danshi mafi kyau, neutralizes sakamakon mai guba karafa - Fe, Al da Mn. | Bai dace da dukkan al'adu ba.Ba a amfani da dankali, tumatir, zobo, faski, Peas, zucchini, kabewa. Karas da radishi sun daina haihuwa. |
Kayan mustard | Productara yawan aiki, kare tsire-tsire daga cututtuka da kwari, tsaftace ƙasa daga ruɓaɓɓen tushen. | Lokacin da aka haɗu da tsarin tushen, tushen shukar yana ƙonewa. |
Filin kofi | Yana motsa ci gaban matasa, inganta yanayin ƙasa, ƙirƙirar yanayi mai kyau don ƙwarin duniya, kuma yana hana kwari | Lokacin amfani dashi azaman ciyawa, ya bushe kuma ya haifar da ɓawon burodi a saman ƙasa. |
Ganyen da ya faɗi | Loosens kasar, saturating shi da oxygen da danshi. Yana aiki azaman kayan rufewa a cikin hunturu, yana kare tushen shuka | |
Husk na sunflower tsaba | Loosens kasar, sa shi numfashi. Lokacin amfani dashi azaman ciyawa, yana hana danshi danshi kuma ciyawar tayi ciyawa. | Ba a ba da shawarar ba da sharar tiyo idan aka yi amfani da ita kamar ciyawa, saboda matsin ruwan yana fasa layin mulching. Yana narkewa na dogon lokaci kuma yana jan nitrogen daga ƙasa. |
Bambaro | Abun ciki a cikin abubuwan gina jiki. Yana sanya ƙasa ta murƙushe. Increasedarfin watsawa da riƙe danshi ya karu. | Tsarin bazuwar jinkiri (shekaru 3-5). Lokacin da ta narke, tana cika kasa da sinadarai masu cutarwa. Magungunan gargajiya suna narkewa lokacin da akwai yawan danshi. |
Bawon Albasa | Yana kashe fungal da ƙwayoyin cuta. Ba ya cutar da tushen tsarin. Ya ƙunshi abubuwan gina jiki da yawa. | Ba za a iya amfani da jiko cikin lokaci ba. Ya yi asarar dukiyarta. |
A halin yanzu, amfani da takin gargajiya yana samun babban shahara. Ana iya samun su ta hanyar amfani da dabbobin da sharar gonar tirela daidai. Tsarin tattalin arziki zai samar muku da abota mai kyau da lafiyayyen abinci.