Cherries sune samfurin abinci mai ƙoshin lafiya. A yau, masu sha'awar lambu da yawa sun fi son mara kyau kuma a lokaci guda nau'ikan cherries masu yawan samar da abinci. Cherry iri-iri Molodezhnaya daidai ya haɗu da waɗannan halayen, wanda aka bayyana a cikin wannan labarin.
Babban halayen nau'ikan Molodezhnaya
Molodezhnaya ceri iri-iri ya kasance mai kirar Kh.D. Enikeev tare da S.N Saratova. Sun haye nau'ikan cherries guda biyu tare: Lyubskaya da Vladimirskaya. A cikin 1993, sakamakon shigarwar da aka samu a cikin rajistar jihar.
Wannan nau'ikan nau'in ceri suna girma a cikin yankin tsakiya da Ural. Matasan Cherry na iya girma cikin sifar itace ko daji. Itace ko daji suna girma har zuwa mita 2.5 a tsayi... Ganyen bishiya ko daji yana yin fasali mai zagaye, yana ɗan faɗuwa. Ganyen matsakaici, launin kore mai haske.
Abubuwan da ke cikin tsiren sun kunshi furanni biyar ko bakwai, wanda girman su ya kai cm 1.8-3. Furannin farare ne, stamens da pistil dai-dai suke da tsayi, wanda hakan ke baiwa shukokin damar cin gashin kansu.
Uruciya tana nufin nau'o'in wadataccen tsire-tsire... Wannan nau'ikan zai faranta muku rai tare da fruitsa fruitsan itacensa ba da jimawa ba. Tuni a shekara ta huɗu, itacen ya fara ba da fruita fruita. Kuma shekaru huɗu daga baya, frua fruan viga beginsan ƙarfi suna farawa, wanda ya kasance har sai shukar ta kai shekaru 15-20.
Furewa tana farawa a tsakiyar watan Mayu, kuma zuwa tsakiyar watan Yuli kuna iya girbe 'ya'yan itace... A lokacin lokacin 'ya'yan itacen, daji daya ko bishiya na iya samarwa daga kilo 10 zuwa 12 na' ya'yan itace.
Molodezhnaya iri-iri yana da matsakaicin yanayin hunturu. Flowerwayoyin furannin ma suna da tsaka-tsaki. Wannan nau'ikan itacen ceri yana da matsakaicin mataki na juriya ga cututtuka irin su coccomycosis da moniliosis., kazalika da wasu kananan kwayoyin.
Yanayi mai danshi da dumi yana haifar da ci gaban cututtuka a cikin shuka.
Bayani na ceri berries
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari an kafa su a kan rassan shekarar bara ko bouquet.
A berries da zaki da kuma m dandano, mai yawa, m duhu ja jiki... Nauyin su ya kai gram biyar. Kashi mai matsakaiciyar sikari yana da sauƙin rabuwa da ɓangaren litattafan almara. A berries ne oblong. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari masu yawa suna da tsayayya ga harkokin sufuri da lalacewar inji
Cherries na wannan nau'ikan suna cike da bitamin da kwayoyin acid, da phosphorus da potassium.
Tasteaunar fruitsa thean itace isan zaki ne ke mamaye ta, saboda haka su sau da yawa ana amfani dashi a cikin shirye-shiryen kayan abinci mai zaki daban-daban... 'Ya'yan itace suna da kyau don amfani da sabo.
Hali mai kyau da mara kyau
Matasa suna da halaye masu kyau da yawa.
Waɗannan sun haɗa da halaye masu zuwa:
- mai kyau haƙuri ta furewa; ƙananan zafin jiki na iska;
- juriya na tsire-tsire ga cututtukan fungal;
- berries suna da sauƙin kai, saboda suna da yawa sosai;
- yawan haihuwa na cherries yana ba da damar gurɓata tsire-tsire masu maƙwabtaka waɗanda ba masu son kai ba;
- tsire-tsire yana da tsayayya ga digo cikin zafin jiki na iska da lokacin bushe a lokacin rani;
- berries dauke da babban adadin bitamin, microelements, pectins.
Koyaya, tare da fa'idodi, wannan nau'in yana da wasu siffofin da yakamata a kula dasu yayin noman:
- dole ne kowace shekara a yi amfani da tsire-tsire tare da kayan gwari don hana cututtuka daban-daban;
- ya zama dole a hankali zaɓi wurin sauka, manufa ita ce fili mai iska mai sauƙi;
- kowace shekara ya zama dole don yin takin tare da phosphorus, nitrogen da potassium;
- don haka babu girma, dole ne a yanke shuka a kai a kai.
Wadannan siffofin kulawa babu yadda zasu rage darajar Matasa.
Noma cherries na wannan nau'ikan da ka'idoji don kulawa dashi
Domin shuka ta faranta da albarkar girbi, ya kamata ka kula da ita yadda ya kamatab. Zaɓin wuri da lokacin sauka yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a wannan.
A ina kuma a wane lokaci shuka?
Zai fi dacewa don zaɓar wurin don Molodezhnaya cherry a kan ƙananan tudu wanda iska ba ta hurawa kuma a lokaci guda yana karɓar isasshen hasken rana.
Soilasa mafi dacewa don girma matasa shine yashi mai yashi tare da tsaka-tsakin acidity.
Wajibi ne a dasa shuki ko dai a farkon bazara, ko a farkon kaka (ƙarshen Satumba). Don haka shukar tayi daidai da lokacin sanyi na hunturu kuma tana yin nutsuwa a cikin nutsuwa. Daga baya kwanakin shuka na kara kasadar shuka ba karbuwa.
Matakan dasa shuki:
- Tona rami kusan 80 cm a diamita kuma 40 zuwa 50 cm a cikin zurfin. Sanya saman ado a ƙasan ramin, wanda ya haɗa da: taki, nitrogen da phosphate. Bai kamata a dasa shukar da tushen ta lalace ba - yana da kyau a yanke su a hankali. Top dressing zai taimaka wa seedling shirya a wuri mafi kyau da sauri.
- Hankali sanya tushen shuka a cikin ramin kuma yayyafa da ƙasa.
- A cikin da'irar da ke kewaye da tsabar da kuke buƙata samar da rami... Mulching shi da humus, sawdust, ƙaramin tubalin ko yumɓun da aka faɗaɗa shi. Don haka lokacin shayarwa, ruwan zai kasance mafi kyau kiyayewa da ciyar da tushen tsarin shuka.
Yana da mahimmanci cewa da farko ƙasar da ke kusa da tsiron ba ta bushe ba kuma ta zama sako-sako da.
- Kafin 'ya'yan itace na farko, ya zama dole lemun tsami magani shuke-shuke.
Lokacin dasa shuki ɗan shekaru 2, na buƙatar yanke shi... Da farko dai, duk an harbe harbe-harben da suka kai kusurwar digiri 90 daga rassa. Na gaba, an bayyana "kwarangwal" na shuka - manyan rassa uku. Duk rassan an yanyanke a kusa da manyan rassa, banda waɗanda suka tashi a kusurwa dama daga "akwatin".
Dokokin kulawa na Cherry
Kodayake ceri shine tsire-tsire mara kyau. Don samun wadataccen girbi, dole ne ku bi wasu dokoki don kula da shi.
- Wajibi ne don gudanar da magani tare da shirye-shiryen fungic na musamman kowace shekara... Wannan don kare shuka daga cututtuka daban-daban na fungal. Wajibi ne a kusanci wannan batun musamman a hankali idan bishiyar da ta riga ta kamu da cuta ta girma kusa da ceri.
- Wajibi ne don yin amfani da suturar kai tsaye zuwa ƙasa... Don yin wannan, a cikin bazara, kuna buƙatar takin matasa tare da takin nitrogen, kuma a cikin kaka - tare da takin mai magani na potash da phosphorus. Ciyarwa daga takin ko taki yana da sakamako mai kyau akan ci gaba da ci gaban cherries.
- Don inganta yawan amfanin ƙasa, ya kamata a gudanar da pruning kowace shekara... Cutarin rassan an datse kuma samari masu ƙarfi da rassa suna girma a wurinsu. Ba da daɗewa ba Berry ya bayyana a waɗannan rassa. Zai fi kyau a kiyaye tsayin shuka a cikin kewayon daga mita 2 zuwa 2.5. Wannan zai inganta yawa da ingancin 'ya'yan itacen.
- Matakan don yanke rassan da saman cherries samar da ƙarin kwararar hasken rana da hana kaurin kambi.
- Shuke yana son ruwa kuma yana buƙatar shayarwa akai-akai... Wannan gaskiyane a lokacin bazarar bazara.
Lokacin shayarwa, yana da mahimmanci kada a jiƙa ƙasa, saboda tsananin ɗanshi yana shafar Matasa.
- Lokacin shirya shuka don hunturu, ya kamata a mai da hankali sosai ga tushen tushen. Domin kariya daga beraye da daskarewa saiwar bishiyar an rufe ta da peat ko gansakuka.
Idan aka bi dukkan shawarwarin, shukar zata yi farin ciki na dogon lokaci tare da girbi mai girma da ɗanɗano.
Yadda za'a tattara cherries da kyau
Girbi ya kamata a fara daga ashirin ga Yuli. Lokacin 'ya'yan itace ya ƙare a watan Agusta.
Don Berry ta kasance sabo sabo na dogon lokaci, dole ne a daidaita ta sosai. 'Ya'yan' ya'yan itace masu yawa ne kawai suka rage don ajiya, ba tare da lalacewar waje ba, launi na tsirin kore ne... Rufe akwatin da aka shirya (tire, akwatin) da takarda. Sanya berries a kasan. A wannan yanayin, Layer na berries bai kamata ya wuce santimita goma ba. Cire akwati tare da berries kuma adana a cikin firiji. Yawan zafin jiki ya zama tsakanin 0˚C da + 2˚C. A cikin wannan nau'i, ana ajiye 'ya'yan itatuwa na makonni biyu.
Idan berries suna daskarewa nan take, rayuwar shiryayye zata ƙaru daga watanni uku zuwa shida.
Hakanan zaka iya yin tarin yawa, adanawa, cushewa ko cushewar jam kuma ka more su duk tsawon shekara.
Siffofin da ke cikin Molodezhnaya ceri iri-iri
- Ko da kun shuka iri daya ne irin wannan a shafin, za a sami girbi a cikin ɗari bisa ɗari na lokuta... Wannan shi ne saboda ikon yin kwalliyar kai da tsarin nasara na furanni - pistil da stamens suna da tsayi daidai.
- Lokacin dasa shuki iri tare da tushen sa, girbin zai riga ya kasance shekaru 3-4... Kuma tare da dasa bishiyar da kyau, 'ya'yan itace na iya samarwa har gabanin wannan lokacin.
- Madalla juriya ga cututtukan fungal daban-daban.
- Mummunan fasalin shine haɓakar haɓaka... Sabili da haka, ya zama dole a cire rassan da ba dole ba a cikin lokaci don kada hasken rana ya rufe.
Bayyanar da matasa cherries zuwa cututtuka da kwari
Matasa, ba kamar sauran nau'o'in ceri da yawa ba, yana da tsayayya ga cututtukan fungal.
Cutar mafi haɗari ga wannan iri-iri ita ce moniliosis.... Da wannan cutar, rassan suka bushe a hankali. A wannan yanayin, ana iya cutar da tsiron gaba ɗaya ta wannan cuta, ko ɓangarorinta.
Lokacin kafa wannan cuta, ya zama dole a yanke duk rassan cuta tare da ƙarancin 15-20 cm zuwa sassan lafiya na reshe. Dole ne a zubar da rassan rassan don hana yaduwar cutar.
Cherwararrun matasa masu saurin ƙonawa, wanda yake bayyana yayin furannin furanni. Don warkarwa, ya zama dole a fesa ganyen shukar da mafita ta musamman. Wannan cutar kuma ta bazu cikin sauri, saboda haka kuna buƙatar kulawa da kyau a kan bishiyoyin da ke kusa.
Lokacin da ganyen rawaya ya bayyana akan shuka ya kamata a kara mai da hankali a kai. Musamman idan launi ya canza sosai da sauri kuma ganye ya zama purple. Wannan na iya sigina na cuta ko rashin takin nitrogen a cikin ƙasa.
Ra'ayoyin masu lambu mai son game da Matasa
Vladimir: Berriesan itacen berry na Matasa sun nuna a gonata. Ina son shi sosai! Dandanon 'ya'yan itacen ya faranta min rai, ya fi mai tsami dadi. Kuskuren kawai shine tsayin daji, kawai cm 50 daga ƙasa.
Nikolay: Taso Matasa kusa da Shokoladnitsa. Ban taba ganin 'ya'yan itatuwa da yawa a cikin kaka ba. Ana yayyafa bishiyun da cherries!
Michael: Tare da ire-iren Molodezhnaya sananne ne sosai. Adadi mai yawa na kyawawan halaye. Shuka mai 'ya'ya ce, mai-kai-tsaye, yana jure yanayin hunturu da kyau. A berries rataye a kan bushes na dogon lokaci kuma kada ku crumble.
Cherry iri-iri Molodezhnaya sune waɗanda aka fi so da yawancin mazaunan bazara. Shuka tana da yawan amfanin ƙasa saboda yawan haihuwa.... Har ma ana noma ta a sikelin masana'antu.
'Ya'yan itace suna da girma, tare da danshi da ɓangaren litattafan almara, ana adana su da jigilar su daidai.
Babu hadaddun nuances a cikin noman wannan nau'ikan. Ya isa kawai sauka zuwa kasuwanci tare da ɗaukar nauyi da ƙauna, kuma ba da daɗewa ba za a samar da wadataccen girbi.