A al'ada, an yi imanin cewa yaduwar inabi yana yiwuwa ne kawai ta hanyar shuka ko sakawa. Akwai wata, kodayake dogon, amma hanya mai ban sha'awa. Yadda ake shuka inabi daga seeda atan gida don samun tsirrai na kwalliya da samun kyakkyawan girbi a sakamakon.
Shin zai yiwu a yi inabi daga iri a gida
Kodayake karatu da yawa sun tabbatar da cewa hanyar yaduwar irin innabi ba koyaushe ta dace ba. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa seedling da wuya rike da varietal Properties na iyaye shuka. Amma ana amfani da wannan hanyar a wasu lokuta
Dalilin girma inabi daga zuriya
- Ayyukan kiwo (kiwo na hybrids, samuwar iri da mafi kyau iyawa, sanyi da cuta resistant).
- Noman shukoki.
- Amfani da kayan kwalliya.
- Girma jari
Ba duk nau'in inabi ne ya dace da hanyar yaduwar iri ba, ana amfani da waɗancan matasan na farko:
- - yarjejeniyar Rasha,
- - Marshmallow,
- Ni'ima,
- Kesha-1,
- Nasara,
- Laura.
Kuma kyawawan halaye na keɓaɓɓiyar iri: Wayewar gari, Alfa, shuɗin Rashanci sun fi na uwa.Zabin ya dogara da manufar amfani da berries: tsami - don yin giya, ana cin masu zaki ba tare da aiki ba.
Ba a adana takamaiman fasaloli koyaushe. Sabili da haka, zaku iya shuka iri da yawa iri ɗaya a lokaci ɗaya. A nan gaba, kwatanta dandano, yawan amfanin ƙasa, kwaro da juriya da sanyi.
Inabin da aka shuka daga zuriyar ya kasance ƙasa da ƙasa a cikin yawan amfanin ƙasa da ɗanɗano 'ya'yan itace, idan aka kwatanta da tsire-tsire da ake yadawa ta hanyar shafawa ko yanka.
Ana shirya tsaba don shuka
Don ci gaban seedlings, an zaɓi manyan, cikakkun 'ya'yan itace, ba tare da lahani da cututtuka ba. Bar har sai cikakke.
Matakan shirya kashi
- Cire ɓangaren litattafan almara, wanke tsaba a ƙarƙashin ruwa mai ɗumi ko jiƙa na 2 hours.
- Manyan, m ko ƙasusuwa an zaɓi.
- Don haɓaka ƙwayar cuta, ana aiwatar da tsarin aiwatarwa, farawa ba daga watan Disamba ba har tsawon watanni. Bayan haka, a farkon bazara, ana iya dasa irin shuka zuwa buɗaɗɗen ƙasa.
Ragewa
Zaɓaɓɓun tsaba ana saka su a cikin kyalle mai ɗanshi da jakar filastik kuma a adana su cikin firiji na makonni 6-8. Matsakaicin zafin jiki shine + 3⁰ - 0⁰ С. Ana buƙatar bincika tsaba a kai a kai, sau ɗaya a kowane kwana 10.
Don ware bayyanar mould, ya zama dole ayi wanka da kasusuwa lokaci-lokaci da ruwa. Bayan haka, bayan watanni 1.5-2, harsashin zai fara fashewa. Wannan shine ƙarshen wahalar.
A matakin karshe, ana sanya tsaba a kan danshi mai ɗanshi, ba tare da sutura ba, a wuri mai dumi. Bayan kamar kwana uku, siraran sirara zasu fara bayyana. Lokaci ya yi da shuka a ƙasa.
Wasu lambu ba koyaushe suke amfani da tsarin sassaucin ba. Saboda wannan, ana shuka amfanin gona kafin hunturu, a buɗaɗɗen ƙasa, yayin da yawan tsire-tsire ke ƙasa.
Kada ku yi amfani da tsaba daga 'ya'yan itacen berry don dasa. Suna da ƙarancin tsire-tsire, ko rauni mara kyau tare da ƙarancin ƙarancin aiki.
Shuka a gida a tukunya
Matakan shuki
- Shirya ƙasa. Don waɗannan dalilai, yi amfani da kantin sayar da kaya ko haɗuwa da kansa a cikin yadi daidai gwargwado, humus da ƙasa na lambu
- Yana da kyau a yi amfani da akwati daban don kowane iri. A baya, ana yin ramin magudanar ruwa a cikin kowane kuma an zuba duwatsu da yawa a ƙasa. Cika da cakuda na ƙasa.
- Ana buƙatar shuka iri zuwa zurfin 1-1.5 cm cikin tukunya da zubar.
- Tagau masu haske, galibi masu fuskantar kudu, wurare ne masu kyau don ci gaba. Ya rage kawai don tsire-tsire.
- Don adana danshi na ƙasa kafin tsire-tsire, an rufe kofunan da tsare.
Don ci gaban ci gaban tsaba, ya zama dole a kula da yanayin zafin jiki. Yawan zafin rana mafi kyau bai kamata ya zama ƙasa da + 20⁰C ba, kuma lokacin dare - ƙasa da + 15⁰C. Sannan, bayan kwanaki 7-11, tsiro zai bayyana.
Shuka kulawa
Abu mai mahimmanci don ci gaban tsire-tsire mai ƙarfi shine lokaci-lokaci, matsakaiciyar shayarwa da kasancewar hasken rana na aƙalla awanni 8 a rana. Bugu da kari, babban kulawa shine sassautawa da ciyarwa. Ana amfani da takin nitrogen ko phosphorus duk bayan kwanaki 10.
A matakin farko, zai fi kyau a shayar da samarin matasa daga kwalbar fesawa don kada su dame tushen tsarin... Ana yin shuka a kowace rana don rashin kwarin gizo-gizo. Kwaro zai iya lalata shuka.
Idan a cikin tsare-tsaren za a yi amfani da inabi don ado ɗakin, to a tsawo na 10 cm ana dasa ƙwayoyin a cikin akwati tare da ƙarar lita 3-4.
Ana dasa shuki a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa a farkon kwanakin Yuni.
Kafin dasawa, ƙwayoyin sun taurare har tsawon kwanaki 5-7. Saboda wannan, da rana ana fitar da su a kan titi, a cikin wani wuri mara nutsuwa daga zane, a cikin inuwar m. Wadannan ayyukan suna ba da gudummawa ga saurin kafawa da kawar da mummunan sakamako daga kunar rana a jiki.
Yin dashen waje da kula da inabi
Lokacin da tsirrai suka kai tsayin 20-30 cm, ana dasa su a gonar.
- An zaɓi wurin saukarwa da rana, da nutsuwa, zai fi dacewa ɓoye daga iska ta arewa.
- Ya kamata ƙasa ta zama mai haske, mai numfashi da kuma ruwa sosai. A gandun daji masu sanyin inabi sun daskare.
- Cakuda humus, yashi da ƙasa an zuba cikin ramuka da aka haƙa a nesa da mita 1.5-2 daga juna.
- An dasa bishiyoyin innabi a cikin ƙasa mai ɗumi a ranar dumi, mai rana.
- Kowane ɗayan yana gyarawa zuwa goyon baya na tsaye (mafi yawan lokuta waɗannan trellises 2 mita masu tsayi tare da miƙa waya).
A lokacin bazara na farko, kulawa ta ƙunshi shayarwa ta yau da kullun, sassautawa da sako-sako. A ƙarƙashin yanayi mai kyau, 'ya'yan inabin zasu sami tushe sosai kuma zasu kai tsayin mita 1-2 a farkon shekara.
Formative pruning na itacen inabi bada shawarar domin shekara ta uku ta girma. Tare da madaidaicin zaɓi na iri-iri iri, ana sa ran girbi a cikin shekaru 3-4, a cikin ƙananan lamura bayan 2.
Girbin inabi daga iri a gida shine mafi ɗaukar lokaci. Wannan ya faru ne saboda tsawon lokacin girma kafin girbin farko. Kuma ba koyaushe yake kawo tasirin da ake tsammani ba. Sabili da haka, idan ba a kiyaye ba, kuma ba za a kiyaye halaye daban-daban ba, ana amfani da ƙwayoyi azaman haja.