Nizhyn kokwamba iri-iri ya samo sunansa daga garin Nizhyn na Yukren. Tarihin iri-iri ya fara a tsakiyar karni na 18. Wadannan kokwamba sun shahara a Tsarist Russia da Turai. Ba su bar shuke-shuke na zamani masu sha'aninsu ba.
Bayani da halaye na nau'ikan Nezhinsky
Tsakanin-kakar, kudan zuma-pollinated iri-iri. Zai fara kawo girbi 45-65 days bayan germination... Tsire-tsire yana ba da bulala mai tsayi, har zuwa mita biyu, don haka wannan nau'ikan bai dace da baranda ba. Nau'in furanni - gauraye.
'Ya'yan itãcen an bayyana su da ɗanɗano mai kyau.
Cucumbers suna da tsayi, iri-iri, mai kauri, koren fata mai ƙaya ƙaya. Girman 'ya'yan itace - 10 cm tare da nauyin 100 g.
Dangane da halaye, namo yana yiwuwa duka a cikin greenhouse da kuma a cikin ƙasa mara kariya... Koyaya, zaɓi na biyu ya fi dacewa saboda buƙatar ƙazamar yanayi.
Fa'idodi da rashin amfani
Kokwamba Nezhinsky yana da adadi mai yawa na masoya tsakanin masu aikin lambu. Wannan nau'ikan yana da daraja da girma shekaru da yawa.
Daga cikin fa'idodi sune:
- kwarai da gaske dandano da bayyana
- duniya. Za a iya amfani da duka sabo ne da kiyayewa;
- tsawon lokacin 'ya'yan itace;
- cikin nutsuwa yana jurewa da canjin yanayi, dace da ƙasa mara kariya;
- juriya ga cututtuka da yawa;
- jure wa harkokin sufuri da kyau;
- maras kyau a cikin namo.
Rashin dacewar wannan nau'ikan za'a iya danganta shi ga dogaro da ƙwarin kudan zuma.
Bukatun ƙasa don dasa shuki
Don samun babban yawan amfanin ƙasa, yana da mahimmanci shirya ƙasa daidai kuma zaɓi wuri mai kyau don dasa kokwamba. Ana ba da shawarar kawo taki sabo a cikin ƙasa daga kaka. Kyakkyawan magabata ga cucumbers sune tumatir, dankali, da kabeji. Amma bayan kankana da gourds, cucumbers zasuyi talauci mara kyau.
A cikin ƙasa mai nauyi, yana da wuya tsarin tushen cucumbers ya ci gaba. Amma ana iya gyara wannan ta ƙara humus. Kafin shuka, kasar gona tana bukata tono ka cire duk ciyawar.
Don ƙasa mara kyau, za a iya amfani da taki wata ɗaya kafin a shuka iri.
Shuka dokoki
Shuka tsaba kokwamba mai yiwuwa ne ta hanyoyi biyu - shuka kai tsaye zuwa cikin ƙasa... Bugu da ƙari, ana amfani da hanya ta biyu sau da yawa.
Don dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa, an riga an jiyya tsaba kuma ana bi da su tare da maganin potassium permanganate don maganin kashe cuta. Ana shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa mai dumi (ba a farkon tsakiyar Mayu ba) zuwa zurfin 2.5 cm.
Bar akalla 30 cm, kuma tsakanin layuka 50-60 cm... Sannan gadon an lullubeshi da agrofibre, wanda zai kare tsirrai daga daskarewa, kuma kasar gona daga bushewa.
Ruwa kamar yadda ake buƙata, sau ɗaya ko sau biyu a mako.
Lokacin shuka tsaba ta hanyar shuka, ana shuka kowace shuka a cikin akwati daban. Gaskiyar ita ce, tushen nau'in kabewa suna da kyau, kuma yana da mahimmanci kada a lalata su lokacin dasawa. Ya dace don amfani da kofunan peat na musamman don wannan.
Seedlings bukatar a saka a cikin haske mai ɗumi da ɗumi... A cikin ƙaramin haske, tsiro-tsire za su yi rauni da tsawo. Kafin dasa shuki, dole ne a “taurare” irin na mako guda. Ana fitar da shuke-shuke zuwa sararin sama, da farko da rana, suna ƙara lokaci, sannan kuma da dare. Sau da yawa baku buƙatar shayar da tsire-tsire.
Kokwamba kula bayan dasa shuki
Bayan harbe-harben farko sun bayyana, ana iya ciyar da cucumbers da takin mai ma'adinai da ke ɗauke da nitrogen, magnesium da phosphorus. Yi mu'amala da yanayin zafi mai zafi Ba da shawarar.
A lokacin lokacin 'ya'yan itace, zaka iya fesa tsire-tsire tare da bayani (na lita 10):
- 50 g urea
- 2 g boric acid
- 3 g potassium permanganate
- 2 g na jan karfe sulfate.
Ana iya amfani da takin gargajiya, kamar:
- maganin burodi da yisti;
- Toka wutar makera;
- taki bayani;
- jiko na weeds.
Shayar shuke-shuke ya fi kyau kowace rana tare da ruwan dumi akan tushen... Mafi kyawun lokacin sha shine maraice. A tsarin drip ban ruwa na shuke-shuke da matukar dace.
Kar a sha ruwa a ganyen - wannan na iya haifar da lalacewa.
Kuna buƙatar ƙasa a kai a kai cire weeds da sassautadutsen daji.
Idan yankin tare da cucumbers an rufe shi da ciyawa, babu buƙatar sassautawa da tudu.
Lokacin da ganyen 2 na farko suka bayyana, kuna buƙatar shigar da trellis tsarin tallafi... Tare da ci gaban tsire-tsire, za a buƙaci lashes a kan goyan baya.
Wani mahimmin mahimmanci yayin barin shi shine lokaci girbi... Cucumbers da suka yi girma sun raunana shuka. Kuma tare da cire fruita fruitan itace akai akai, sabbin ƙwayayen kwayayen suna sauri.
Cututtuka da rigakafin su
Cucumbers na Nezhinsky iri-iri suna da mafi girman juriya ga cututtukan fungal... Amma har yanzu ya fi sauƙi don hana kamuwa da tsire-tsire fiye da yaƙin don kiyaye amfanin gona daga baya.
Wani mahimmin mahimmanci na kariya zai kasance garter na bulala da cire ƙananan ganye. Wadannan matakan sun zama dole domin kaucewa haduwar ganyayyaki da kasar gona, wanda zai haifar da cutar fungal ta cucumbers.
Daga wata cuta ta kowa mai yawan shuke-shuke faten fure zaka iya rabu da hanyar mai zuwa. Lokacin da alamomin farko na cutar suka bayyana, fesa shuka da maganin lita 1 na mullein da gram 20 na urea (an nuna adadin na lita 10).
Cutar da ta fi shahara ta gaba ita ce lalacewar aphid... Daga waɗannan ƙananan kwari, amma haɗari masu haɗari don ganye, girke-girke na jama'a daga jiko na sabulu tare da toka na itace zai taimaka.
Bayan tsawan ruwan sama, zaku iya fesa shuke-shuke da kayan gwari.
Dokokin girbi da ajiya
Nezhinsky iri-iri nasa ne na tsakiyar lokacin iri, girbin shine na Yuli-Agusta... Ickauki cucumbers na kowane irin safiya ko maraice, yayin mafi ƙarancin aikin hasken rana. Mafi kyawun jadawalin tarin kowane kwana biyu.
Dole ne a cire cucumbers ɗin da aka tara don adana kai tsaye zuwa inuwa. Ba lallai ba ne a wanke su don kar a lalata layin kariya na halitta. Yana da kyau a bar sandar.
Don adanawa da dogon lokacin ajiya, kuna buƙatar farko zabi daidai kayan lambu. Ya kamata a tsage su kawai daga gonar, bushe ba tare da lalacewa ba.
A cikin firiji, ba tare da shiri na musamman ba, a cikin ɓangaren kayan lambu, za a adana kokwamba ɗin har zuwa kwanaki 3... Za'a iya kula da sabo har tsawon kwanaki 10 idan aka sa cucumber a cikin jakar roba an rufe ta da gauze mai danshi. Kada ku ɗaura jaka. Kokwamba zasuyi kwanciya har tsawon kwanaki 14 idan kowane kayan lambu yana lulluɓe a cikin adiko na goge baki sannan kuma a dunƙule tare a cikin jaka.
Dole ne a kiyaye Cucumbers a zafin jiki bai kasa digiri 0 ba... Ba a adana kukumba da 'ya'yan itacen da ke fitar da ethylene (apụl, tumatir, ayaba, da sauransu)
Kokwamba Nezhinsky abu ne mai ban mamaki, maras faɗi, iri-iri iri-iri waɗanda suka shahara sosai tsakanin masu lambu. Dadi mai dadi, mai daddadan kamshi, mai kwalliyar kwalliya ado ne mai ban mamaki ga teburin bazara. Kuma don gwangwani, wannan nau'in shine ɗayan mafi kyau.