Shirye-shiryen kowane mai lambu sun hada da matakan hana tsirrai daga cututtukan fungal... Ofaya daga cikin mafi arha jiyya amfani da jiyya shine jan ƙarfe na ƙarfe. Za a tattauna ingancin amfani da shi, umarni da ƙa'idodi don shirya maganin aiki daga ƙarshen buguwa a cikin wannan labarin.
A waɗanne lokuta ne suke komawa ga sulfate na jan ƙarfe?
Shekaru da yawa a jere, sulfate na jan ƙarfe ba ya rasa dacewa a aikin aikin lambu. Ana amfani dashi don kare albarkatu daga cututtukan fungal:
- scab;
- farin tabo;
- ascochitis;
- moniliosis;
- fure mai laushi;
- phytophthora da sauran cututtuka.
Bugu da ƙari ga dalilai na ƙirar ƙira, ana amfani da wakili don suturar foliar. Shuke-shuke da ke girma akan ƙasa mai yashi, yashi ko ƙasa mara laushi galibi suna da rauni a jan ƙarfe. Magungunan 1-2 sun isa don cike da rashin abubuwan alaƙa a cikin ƙasa.
Aikin girka yawanci yakan fara ne da cututtukan ƙasa. A matsayin zaɓi a wannan yanayin, yi amfani da maganin jan ƙarfe na ƙarfe. Hakanan, wakilin yana aiki azaman maganin antiseptic ne na kayan katako. Fesa itacen zai iya taimakawa hana ƙwanƙolin abu ko fumfowar fure. Wannan hanyar galibi lambobi suna amfani da ita yayin shirya gandun daji ko wasu kayan lambu.
Zai fi kyau a yi amfani da kayan gwari a cikin bazara da bazara. Ba'a ba da shawarar yin amfani da shi ba kafin hunturu, don kar a cika ƙasa da ions na jan ƙarfe.
Fa'idodi da rashin amfani
Babban fa'idar jan ƙarfe na ƙarfe shine cewa abubuwa masu aiki na wakilin suna kasancewa bayan yayyafawa akan farfajiyar shuka, ba tare da sanya shi cikin ganye da 'ya'yan itatuwa ba. Godiya ga wannan, yana yiwuwa a sami amfanin gona wanda yake da lafiya ga lafiyar ɗan adam. Sauran fa'idodin sun haɗa da:
- fasaha mai sauƙi amfani;
- m farashin;
- low yawan guba (abubuwa masu cutarwa sun bazu cikin fewan kwanaki);
- lokacin amfani dashi daidai bashi da wata illa;
- abun da ke ciki ya wadatar da tsire-tsire baƙin ƙarfe;
- magunguna da yawa ba jaraba ba a fungi da kwayoyin cuta.
Kwarin kwari yana da tasiri a kimiyance akan cutar makara saboda yawan tagulla. Hakanan ana amfani dashi don samar da wasu samfuran don lambun da lambun lambu. Duk wata hujja game da guba da ke cikin abu ya dogara ne kawai da haɓakar da ba ta dace ba. Tasirin bayan jiyya mai kyau na gadajen yana ɗaukar makonni 2, kuma aikin abubuwan da ke aiki yana farawa bayan wasu awanni.
Copper sulfate har yanzu yana da rashin amfani, kodayake an gwada magungunan ta ƙarni da yawa na lambu. A zamanin da, lokacin da kusan babu zaɓi na magungunan ƙwari, ana amfani da ruwan shuɗi a cikin kowane gida. Yanzu ba abu ne mai wahala a sami madadin ba, musamman tunda akwai tsari wanda ya danganci abubuwa masu rai akan kasuwa. Amfani da su yana ɗauke da cikakken aminci, ya bambanta da maganin jan ƙarfe. Hakanan ya kamata a tuna cewa ruwan da ke aiki na iya ƙone shuke-shuke ko sa 'ya'yan itacen su zama marasa amfani idan kuka ƙara rabo na ƙurar lu'ulu'u.
Ana amfani da sulfate na jan ƙarfe don rigakafin cututtuka kuma ba zai iya maye gurbin cikakken magani tare da ƙananan ƙwayoyi masu aiki ba.
Umurni don amfani da tumatir da sauran tsire-tsire
Don shirya maganin aiki, narke lu'uluun lu'ulu'u ne a ruwa. Wakilin a cikin adadin gram 50 an fara narkar dashi a cikin ƙaramin ruwa, sannan bayan haɗuwa sosai, an kawo jimlar duka zuwa lita 5. Abubuwan da ke cikin abubuwan aiki suna kiyaye su cikin yini. Ba za a iya adana vitriol da aka narke na dogon lokaci ba, saboda haka ana ba da shawarar shirya sabon yanki kai tsaye kafin amfani.
Kasancewar gubobi sun wajabta maka ɗaukar matakan aminci lokacin fesa ruwa:
- fesa nesa da jikin ruwa da dabbobi;
- idan akwai kudan zuma, kada ka bar su daga amya a ranar aiki.
Tsire-tsire suna buƙatar sarrafawa da yamma ko sanyin safiya a yanayin bushewa. Idan akwai barazanar hazo, zai fi kyau a jinkirta aikin zuwa wata rana (tasirin zai gushe idan an yi ruwa sama da awanni 4).
An shawarci gogaggun lambu don aiwatar da matakan don rigakafin marigayi Blight a matakai da yawa.
- Ana aiwatar da matakin farko a matakin shirya kasar gona don shuka shukoki... An kwantar da ƙasa tare da fesa tare da maganin 3% na jan ƙarfe na ƙarfe. Dole ne a yi wannan sau ɗaya.
- An aiwatar da mataki na biyu a matakin tsinke tsirrai... Wata rana kafin a canza shukokin don raba kwantena, ana jika ƙasa tare da 1% na tushen jan ƙarfe. Bai kamata ku yi amfani da ruwa mai ƙarfi ba, saboda yana iya yin tasiri ga tsire-tsire.
- Mataki na uku ya ƙunsa ramuka a lokacin dasa shuki a cikin lambu... Yawan amfani: lita 1 a kowane rami 1. Daga baya, ana fesa shuke-shuke a mataki na samuwar 'ya'yan itace da ruwan Bordeaux. Thewayar jan karfe sulfate don kore ɓangaren amfanin gona bai kamata ya wuce 0.1-0.2% ba, in ba haka ba ƙonawa na iya bayyana akan ganyen.
Matakan tsaro lokacin aiki tare da kayan aiki
Lokacin aiki tare da sulfate na jan ƙarfe, ya zama dole a sanya safar hannu da tabarau don kare fata da ƙwayoyin mucous daga haɗuwa kai tsaye tare da maganin. Yayin sarrafawa, kar a sha abinci da ruwa, da hayaki. Idan samfurin ya hau kan wuraren fata ko na mucous membranes, ana bada shawara a hanzarta kurkura yankin da abin ya shafa da ruwa mai yawa.
Kwarin kashe kwari na cikin ajin hadari na 3, wanda ke nuna karamin matakin yawan guba yayin amfani da shi a ƙananan. Sabili da haka, yayin shirya aikin aiki, ya kamata ku bi sashin da aka nuna don kada fruitsa fruitsan su tara gubobi a cikin kansu.
Maganin kashe kwari wani sinadari ne, don haka lokacin amfani da shi a gonar, ya kamata ku bi wasu dokoki:
- kana buƙatar tsarma maganin a cikin kwandon mara ƙarfe;
- don ingantaccen aikin aikin, yi amfani da buroshi tare da gashin tsayi mai laushi ko kwalban fesawa;
- tsarma abun da ke ciki yana riƙe da kaddarorin sa'o'i 5-6 kawai;
- yayin fesawa kare damar dabbobi da yara;
- adana magani da ake buƙata a cikin ɗakunan ajiya ta inda yara da dabbobi ba za su iya samunsu ba.
Bayanin lambu game da yaƙin tumatir a tumatir da jan ƙarfe na ƙarfe
Alexey Petrovich, shekaru 53.Shekaru da dama a jere na kasance ina noman tumatir ba tare da fuskantar matsalar cutar marigayi ba. Ina amfani da sulfate na jan karfe a kalla sau 3 a kowane yanayi. A karo na farko, lokacin da na kashe kwayar, karo na biyu, lita 1 a kowace rami kafin dasa shuki, karo na uku kafin fure a matsayin abincin foliar.
Anastasia, shekaru 36. Kafin kowace shuka, Ina shayar da ƙasa tare da maganin jan ƙarfe na ƙarfe, amma har yanzu tumatir yana fama da cutar kututture. Na shirya samfurin daidai, Na bi ka'idojin shayarwa. Wataƙila na rasa wani abu dabam ko sulfate na jan ƙarfe bashi da tasiri sosai?
Timur, shekaru 46. Copper sulfate a cikin gidan shine mataimaki na farko. A cikin greenhouse, duk maganin kashewa ana aiwatar dashi tare da shuɗin ruwa, ƙasa ma ana kashe ta dashi. Kuma ina kiyaye tsaba a cikin rauni mai rauni kafin shuka. Ana samun tumatir daya zuwa ɗaya, ba tare da alamun ɓacin lokaci ba.
Vladlen Vitalievich, shekaru 51. Ina amfani da sulfate na jan ƙarfe don aikin lambu sama da shekaru 30. Ban taɓa sayan ƙwayoyi bisa ƙwayoyin cuta ba saboda rashin yarda da son sanya guba ga 'ya'yan itacen. Kuma tare da maganin jan ƙarfe na kashe ƙasa don tsire-tsire da gadaje kafin shuka, kuma ina aiwatar da greenhouse a cikin bazara. Mafi kyawun mataimaki yana da wahalar samu. Yana magance ƙarshen tumatir kamar yadda yake da ban sha'awa kamar sauran ayyuka. Ba da shawara!
Sophia, shekaru 49. Na firgita lokacin da, bayan ruwan sama, na sami wuraren ruwan kasa akan tumatir da suka nuna. Ba na so a bar ni ba tare da amfanin gona ba, na juya ga makwabta a kasar don taimako. Ta shawarta a bi da gado sau biyu tare da maganin jan ƙarfe na ƙarfe. Kayan aiki yayi kyakkyawan aiki tare da matsalar. A gonar, kamar yadda ya juya, shirye-shiryen jan ƙarfe abu ne da ba za'a iya maye gurbinsa ba.
Lokacin amfani da nau'ikan magungunan kwari da yawa lokaci guda, ka tuna da hakan jan karfe sulfate bai dace da kwayoyi wadanda suka bazu cikin yanayin alkaline ba (misali, kwayar halittar jiki).