Kokwamba tana ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun abinci. Wannan al'adun da aka kawo mana daga Indiya kuma an koyar da su tun ƙarni da yawa. A yau a Indiya ma akwai nau'ikan kokwamba na daji. Suna zage-zage suna zagaye bishiyoyi kamar ciyawa. A cikin Turai da Asiya, ana shuka wannan amfanin gona ne musamman a cikin wuraren shan iska ko kuma a wuraren da aka kiyaye daga iska. Don ci gaban al'ada, da kuma yawan amfanin ƙasa, cucumbers na buƙatar ƙaruwar danshi. Ofayan mafi kyawun irin wannan al'adun shine Connie iri-iri.
Bayani da halaye na nau'ikan kokwamba na Connie
Connie ta cultivar ta kasance matasan da suka girma duka a cikin greenhouses da kan buɗe ƙasa... Bushes, bisa ga bayanin, suna da ƙarfi, masu ƙarfi, masu matsakaici-girma tare da fure mace. Ganyen tsire-tsire masu kore ne, matsakaici a cikin girma, tsari ne na yau da kullun.
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari ƙananan ƙananan, yawanci a tsayi 7-9 cm, oval, karamin bututu. Fatar kokwamba ta zama kore, tare da ƙaya, fari, amma ba ƙyalƙyali. Pulangaren litattafan almara na koren fari ne, mai yawa, mai laushi, ba mai ɗaci ba. Nauyin 'ya'yan itace a kan matsakaici 60-80 g.
Babban halayen halaye iri-iri ya kamata a haskaka su:
- Sun fara bada fruita fruita a rana ta 50 daga lokacin da ya kamu da cutar.
- Naya daga cikin kumburi galibi yana ɗauke ne daga kwayayen 3 zuwa 9.
- High-samar da gwaggwabar riba iri-iri.
- Yanayin zafin jiki ba mummunan bane.
- 'Ya'yan itacen suna da ɗanɗano.
- Babu fanko a cikin tsire-tsire kuma saboda haka ana darajar 'ya'yan itacen don gwangwani.
- 'Ya'yan itacen suna da kyakkyawar gabatarwa.
Manuniya na amfanin kasuwa:
- a farkon matakan sune 8.7-9.2 kg / m2;
- a kwanan baya - 12.8-16 kg / m2.
Za'a iya siyan seedsauren kokwamba na wannan nau'in a shagunan musamman ko shagunan kan layi.
Waɗannan nau'ikan sun kasance masu kiwo na kamfanin Rasha na Biotekhnika gicciye iri 2... Tare da dasa shuki, da kulawa, bishiyoyin Connie za su faranta maka rai da yalwar girbi.
Fa'idodi da rashin amfani na nau'ikan
Mazauna bazara da masu lambu suna zaɓar Connie iri-iri don haɓaka saboda fa'idodi:
- Juriya ga al'ada ga cututtuka na kowa.
- Rashin fahimta don kulawa.
- Tsayayya ga canjin yanayi.
- 'Ya'yan itace masu dadewa.
- 'Ya'yan itacen dadi ba tare da haushi ba.
- Rashin fanko a cikin 'ya'yan itace yana kara darajar adanawa.
Koyaya, ban da fa'idodi, cucumbers na Connie suna da wasu fa'idodi.
Ba duk masu shuka kayan lambu suke da halaye masu kyau game da na musamman ba tubercles da farin spines... Bugu da kari, suna suka da karami Zelentsov. Koyaya, rashin dacewar da ke sama ba zai iya wuce fa'idodi iri-iri ba.
Bukatun ƙasa don dasa shuki
Lokacin zabar wuri don dasa shuki, dole ne a tuna da shi cewa kokwamba itace amfanin gona mai son rana. Koyaya, don kada Connie ta wahala a lokacin zafi, bukatar gaban penumbra.
Bai kamata a dasa cucumbers ba bayan amfanin kabewa. Zai fi kyau a dasa shukar bayan kabeji, tushen kayan lambu ko na wake.
Babban shiri na ƙasa shine gabatarwar cakuda ta musamman zuwa zurfin cm 30. Ya kamata ya haɗa da humus, bambaro, peat da taki. Wannan zai wadatar da dumi ƙasa.
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Manyan yadudduka na ƙasa suna kwance kuma suna shaƙewa.
Shuka dokoki
Shuka da tsaba wajibi ne idan kasar gona tayi dumi kadan kadan bayan sanyi. An ba da shawarar dasa shuki a ƙarshen bazara.
Ba a shuka Cucumbers sosai. Kimanin guda 2-3 aka dasa akan murabba'i. Mafi sau da yawa, ana yin dasa shuki ta hanyar shuka. Don wannan ya kamata pre-jiƙa da tsaba.
Wasu hanyoyi don jiƙa tsaba:
- Kunsa tsaba a cikin rigar da aka riga aka jiƙa ta kuma sanya a cikin cellophane. Dole ne a saka na karshen a wurin dumi. Bayan kwanaki 3, toho zai fara bayyana.
- Nada tsaba a cikin ɗanshi mai ɗanshi kuma saka su cikin kwandon gilashi. Rufe akwatin tare da murfi kuma bar dumi. 'Ya'yan itacen zasu bayyana cikin kwanaki 2.
An hana amfani da ruwan famfo mai sanyi don jika tsaba. Narke ko ruwan sama ya dace, tare da zafin jiki sama da digiri 26.
Wajibi ne don dasa shuki ba daga baya zuwa makonni 2-3 badon haka bai wuce gona da iri ba. Lokacin dasa shuki, ana jefa su cikin ƙasa zurfin 3 cm.
Iri-iri kulawa bayan dasa
Kokwamba na Connie sune maras kyau al'ada.
Yawancin lokaci kulawar shuka ta ƙunshi:
- glaze;
- saman miya;
- sarrafa ciyawa;
- sassautawa;
- maganin kwari.
Domin dasa shuki don curl, ya zama dole shigar slats... Latterarshen zai yi aiki azaman tallafi, kuma ya kare dazuzzuka daga iska.
Shayar da bushes bada shawarar sau daya a rana... Ya kamata a aiwatar da shayarwar da safe ko kuma da dare. Kowace kwanaki 7 weeding ya kamata a yi.
Idan cucumbers suka yi girma a cikin greenhouse, kuna buƙatar sarrafawa don kada bishiyoyin suyi zafi sosai. Zazzabi kada ya kasance sama da digiri 30... Bayan dasa shuki, bayan kwana 20, yakamata a sassauta kasar.
Kafin furanni, kuna buƙatar ciyar da al'adun sau ɗaya. Wannan ya kamata a yi sau ɗaya kuma a lokacin furanni. Sannan ana bukatar ciyar da daji sau daya kawai a kwana 10. Cakuda mai zuwa ya dace da ciyarwa: lita 1 na taki diluted a cikin guga na ruwa. Top dressing ya fi kyau ayi a maraice ko ba a yanayin rana ba.
Shawarwarin kulawa na asali:
- Insofar kamar yawan amfanin ƙasa ya dogara da samuwar daji, to ana bada shawara a tsinke a cikin axils na farko na ganye 3-4.
- Girbi a cikin lokaci mai dacewa.
- Ku ciyar rigakafin kwari da cututtuka Sau 1-2 a wata.
Tare da kulawa mai kyau, shukar za ta faranta ran masu lambu da girbi mai yawa.
Cututtuka da rigakafin su
Cututtuka, kwari na yau da kullun, alamun kamuwa da cuta, magani da hanyoyin rigakafin an nuna su a cikin tebur.
Sunan kwaro / cuta | Alamomin kamuwa da cuta | Yana nufin |
Kokwamba bug | Shuke-shuke yana da ganyayyun ganye | Jiko na taba ko kantin magani |
Aphid | Rivearƙwara da ganyayyun ganye | Jiko na jan barkono |
Mizanin gizo-gizo | Wuraren fari daban sun bayyana akan ganyen, sannan dukkan ganyen ya koma fari. | Jiko na dandelion ko wormwood, decoction na saman tumatir, jiko na chamomile na Farisa |
Greenhouse whitefly | Farin farin fari ya bayyana akan ganyen, kuma bayan ganyen ya zama baƙi ya bushe | Aktofit (0.2%) |
Anthracnose | Ruwan launin ruwan kasa akan mai tushe da ganye, ulcers akan 'ya'yan itacen | Yana nufin Oxyhom, Cuproxat, 1% bayani na cakuda Bordeaux ko 0.4% jan ƙarfe oxychloride |
Farar ruɓa ko sclerotinia | Wet spots a kan tushen. Sannan an rufe kara da wani farin abu wanda yayi kama da auduga. | Manganese-m potassium |
Kwayoyin cuta na kokwamba | Hanyoyin kusurwa da farko akan ganyen, sannan sai su rufe kashi 70-90% na ganyayyaki kuma wani ɓangare na mai tushe, 'ya'yan itacen | 0.02% zinc sulfate bayani |
Babban ma'aunin rigakafi don haɓaka wannan iri-iri a cikin greenhouses ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin iska, kazalika da iko akan tsarin yanayin zafi.
Dokokin girbi da ajiya
Dangane da girma cucumbers na Connie a cikin yanayin greenhouse, girbin yana farawa kusan a lokacin dasa shuki a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasar shuke-shuke. Misali, girbin cucumbers da aka dasa a watan Afrilu ya faɗi a farkon Yuni.
Fresh ganye suna adana na kwanaki 35 a cikin firiji ko a zazzabi a ɗaki. Don kara lokacin ajiya, ya kamata ka bar sandunan da ba za su ɓace ba yayin tattarawa kuma kada ku wanke allon. Ana tsoma ɓauren a cikin ruwa, kuma a wannan yanayin 'ya'yan itacen suna adana a cikin firiji har zuwa makonni 4.
Connie's cucumbers sune nau'ikan nau'ikan matasan da basa buƙatar kulawa ta musamman kuma ana alakanta su da dogon lokacin frua fruan itace. 'Ya'yan itacen suna bambanta da dandano mai ban sha'awa kuma ana amfani dasu don kiyayewa.