Bambancin kabeji "Belorusskaya" yana da dadadden tarihi kuma yana samun masanan da yawa. Fiye da shekaru saba'in, masu aikin lambu da manyan masana'antun noma sun dogara da wannan nau'in. Dangane da bayanin, nau'ikan suna da babban fa'idodi.
Bayani da halayen kabeji na Belarus
A cikin 1937, Cibiyar Kiwo ta hayayyafa da farin kabeji iri-iri, wanda ke da tsayayyar sanyi da cututtuka iri-iri. Da sauri ta shiga cikin jerin nau'ikan da aka sani da aikin gona.
"Belorusskaya" ya bambanta a cikin cewa lokacin balaga ya yi daidai dace da yankuna masu sanyi... A lokacin ribar da ake samu, shugaban kabeji ya ƙara ƙarfi, ƙananan yanayin zafi yana da tasiri mai fa'ida a kan inganci.
Dangane da bayanin, wannan nau'ikan ƙarshen ne tare da lokacin girbi. daga kwanaki 110 zuwa 130... Dasa wannan nau'ikan na iya farawa koda a watan Yuni, tunda yana da kyau don tsara girbi a ƙarshen Satumba - farkon Oktoba.
Shugabannin kabeji suna zagaye, sun ɗan daidaita, sunada ƙarfi da yawa. Idan cikakke suka cika 3 - 4 kilogiram... Ba sa fasawa, suna iya haƙuri da fari na ɗan gajeren lokaci, idan ba su sha wahala fari ba a cikin makonni biyu na farko bayan sun yi shuka a ƙasa. Sauƙi don safarar
A cikin watannin bazara, idan kan kabeji ya murɗe, ba ya ratsawa da ƙanƙara, saboda yawan ganyen waje.
Fa'idodi da rashin amfani
Daga cikin fa'idodi, mutum na iya keɓance manyan fasalulluka waɗanda masu lambu suka zaɓi wannan nau'in:
- Kyakkyawan ingancin kiyayewa sama da watanni 3;
- Babban dandano a cikin kowane nau'i;
- Yawa na kan kabeji da ƙaramin kututture;
- Babban abun ciki na bitamin C;
- Kyakkyawan inganci lokacin da aka yi fermented;
- Yawan aiki.
Tare da kulawa mai kyau a farkon sati uku, yawan amfanin ƙasa da ƙin cuta suna ƙaruwa sosai.
Akwai rashin amfani wanda ya rage sha'awar masu farawa don amfani da wannan nau'in kowace shekara:
- Ba kamar matasan gargajiya ba, yakan sa keel;
- Hanyar cutar kwayar cuta;
- Yana jan hankalin kwari, kodayake wannan alama ce ta ingancin kabeji;
- Picky a cikin watan farko a cikin watering, da kuma lokacin dasawa.
Shuka shukoki
Babu buƙatar hanzarta dasa tsaba a kan lokaci. Mafi kyawun lokaci shine tsakiyar watan Mayuidan kun shirya amfani dashi don ferment ko ajiya.
Idan ana amfani da wannan nau'in don girbi, wasu ana iya shukawa a farkon Mayu, kuma a watan Satumba yana da lafiya don amfani da girbin don kiyayewa.
Tsaba baya buƙatar shiri na musamman da jiƙa... Babban abu shine don hana ƙasa daga bushewa. Tsaba ta tsiro a cikin kwanaki 4 - 7 cikin kwanciyar hankali, kuma da sauri ta isa ga haske, don haka ka tabbata cewa tsirrai suna cikin taga mai haske, ko a cikin wani greenhouse.
Don shuka iri, zaɓi ƙasa mai laushi, kar a ƙara ƙasa baƙar fata. Kasancewar loam a cikin ƙasa yana da amfani ga shuka.
Kuna iya dasa duka a cikin kofuna daban da cikin akwatin gama gari - ana iya maido da sauƙi bayan dasawa da ɗan keta ƙarancin tushen.
Bayan dasa shukar, sai a zube kasar da ruwan dumi, sannan a rufe da ganye, sannan a barshi har sai da farko ya fara bayyana.
Yanayin girma
Seedlings, don cikakken ci gaba, dole ne karin lokaci a rana, kasar gona bai kamata ta bushe ba... Idan zai yuwu ga wannan, a ranakun dumi, a kai shi waje, ko kuma a cikin wani abu mai keɓaɓɓu. Tabbatar an kawo shi cikin gida da daddare, saboda zafin jiki ya fi dacewa don ci gaban lafiya - daga digiri 18 sama da sifili, kuma a watan Mayu, dararen suna da sanyi sosai.
Wajibi ne a dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa bayan wata ɗaya da shekara, kuma da kyau a cikin shekaru wata daya da rabi... Jigon ya zama gajere kuma mai yawa, ya fi fensir kauri.
Zaɓi ƙasa mara kyau, da wuri a kan shafin wanda rana ke haskaka shi da safe. Wannan yana da mahimmanci ga kabeji. Zata iya rayuwa gabadaya kasancewar babu rana da yamma, amma ba tare da safiya ba zata yi rashin lafiya.
Duk da cewa wannan tsiro ne mai kaunar danshi, kar a fasa gadaje a cikin tsaunuka, sannan kuma, dole ne a sanya gadajen sama - ruwan karkashin kasa yana lalata tushen.
Soilasa mai girma
Kafa gadon daga arewa zuwa kudu, sannan kuma harbe-harben zasu sami isasshen hasken rana. Idan za ta yiwu, ka shuka mustard a farkon lokacin bazara ka tona ƙasa tare da ƙwayoyin mustard kafin ka dasa.
Yi gadaje na matsakaiciyar tsayi, ka tuna cewa ramuka bai kamata su kasance a kan matakin ba, ko ƙasan iyaka ba. A yayin rani mai damina, ta wannan hanyar, saiwoyin ba za su jike ba, kuma ƙarancin danshi zai tafi tsakanin wuraren.
Saka ƙasa mai baƙar ƙasa (takin shekarar da ta gabata), babban cokali na tokar katako a cikin kowane rami. Kar a cika shi da takin mai magani, kabeji ba ya son ƙasa mai ƙima sosai, don haka ba zai daɗe ba.
Dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa
Ya tsufa 35 - 50 kwanakin, dole ne a dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa. Don yin wannan, ya kamata ku zaɓi rana mai sanyi, kuma mafi kyau duka ranakun da ake ruwan sama, a lokacin da tsire-tsire za su sami sauƙin dasawa da rashin lafiya.
Yi ramuka tare da nesa 50 zuwa 50 cm... zub da kowane rami da lita biyu na ruwa, a saka humus da toka.
Sanya tushen daya a cikin kowane rami, saka ƙasa a saman tushen, kuma danna ɗauka da sauƙi. Kada a sanya ƙasa da yawa, ganyen farko da suka rage a kan tushe ya kamata ya kasance a saman ƙasa.
Sake sake sakewa da ɗan ruwa. Idan yanayin rana ne, to ya zama dole ayi inuwa da shuka na farkon kwanaki 3 - 4. Bayan ganyen kabeji sun tashi, dole ne a cire shingen da mafaka.
Kulawa bayan saukowa
Bayan dasa shuki, shayarwa ya zama dole kowace rana... Da yamma, bayan rana ta yi kusa da faɗuwar rana, dole ne a zubar da fiye da lita na ruwa a ƙarƙashin kowane tushe.
A lokacin makon farko, babu buƙatar sassauta yankin tushen, kuma bayan mako guda, kafin a shayar, kuna buƙatar sassauta shi.
Sakin ciyawa na yau da kullun zai taimaka don guje wa yawan danshi daga ciyawar, kuma zai ba ku damar lura da kwari nan da nan.
Dakatar da shan ruwa yau da sati biyu bayan dasa shuki. Wajibi ne a bar ɓaure su bushe sarai, kuma a bar su tsaye gaba ɗaya a bushe har tsawon wasu kwanaki.
Bukatar kula da midges da kwari... Lokacin da tsakiyar ya fara bayyana, yayyafa kabejin da ruwan sabulu sannan yayyafa da tokar itacen a saman.
Tsotsa sabulun wanki a cikin bokitin ruwan dumi domin sanya ruwan yayi fari da sabulu. Fesa ganye tare da wannan maganin, musamman na tsakiya - haɗin ganyen tare da yankan, da ƙasa kewaye.
Lokacin da waƙoƙi suka bayyana, dole ne ku yi amfani da kayan aikin aiki na musamman. Ya kamata a aiwatar da aiki a cikin yanayi mai natsuwa, zai fi dacewa da yamma, bayan rana ta kusa zuwa faɗuwar rana.
Cututtuka da rigakafin su
Wannan nau'ikan ya fi kamuwa da cutar keel fiye da nau'ikan matasan. Saboda haka, yana da daraja dasa shuki a cikin bazara a kan sabuwar ƙasa, ba dasa shuki ba inda kabeji ya kasance shekarar bara. Idan kun sami tushe tare da keel, kada ku jefa shi cikin takin, amma ƙone shi, ko ku fitar da shi da shara.
Tare da bacteriosis na jijiyoyin jini, yawan amfanin ƙasa da dandano suna ragu sosai. Wani suna na cutar shine Black Rot. Yana bayyana kansa da farko a cikin duhun jijiyoyin.
Rigar ruba ta bayyana bayan kwayar cuta ta bacteriosis, kan kabeji, har ma da yankewa, da sanyawa cikin sauri saurin ruɓewa.
Don hana kwayar cuta, dole ne a lura da juyawar amfanin gona, dole ne a cire sako a cikin lokaci, kuma dole ne a kula da bayyanar kwari da ke yada cutar. Dole ne a cire shuke-shuke da suka lalace daga gonar a lalata su.
Girbi da ajiya
Late Satumba - farkon Oktoba, iri-iri sun cika cikakke.
Lokacin girbi, kar a bar dogayen dogayen kan kabeji. Ya isa 3 cm.idan kawunan kabeji suna nan lafiya. Don yin wannan, zaɓi duka, har da shugabannin kabeji har zuwa 3 kilogiram., rataye a cikin ma'aji ta wurin kututture, kuma a tabbata cewa basu yi ƙwaya ko yin ruwa ba.
Za a iya barin kawunan kabeji da aka sare don ɗauka, a cikin ɗaki mai zafin jiki na digiri 5 - 7 na tsawon wata ɗaya ko fiye, kafin a fara harbawa.
Nau'in iri-iri yana da masanan biyu, waɗanda suke zaɓan shi kowace shekara a matsayin babba, da abokan hamayya. Bayan ƙididdige duk fa'idodi da fa'ida, tabbas zaku yanke shawara mai kyau don lambun ku. Ganin cewa akwai wasu 'yan tsirarun nau'ikan da ba su da matasan da suka rage, kuma sun zama masu rauni, iri-iri suna nuna hali daidai har ma a cikin mawuyacin yanayi, kuma suna ba da kyakkyawan amfanin ƙasa.