Nasarar amfanin gona na kokwamba ya dogara musamman kan zaɓin iri. Abubuwan da ke cikin ɗakunan ajiya suna rikita tunanin maimakon maimakon ba ku damar yanke shawara mai kyau. An shawarci masu aikin lambu da su fara sanin kansu da nau'ikan, sunayensu, noman su da kuma abubuwan kulawa.
Dogaro da yanayin yanayi, ana iya dasa iri daban-daban a cikin Ukraine, Belarus, Chernozem, Bashkiria da kuma layin tsakiya - waɗannan na iya zama parthenocarpic, girmar da wuri, tare da dogon lokacin da suka nuna, ko kuma cucumber masu daɗi don girma a cikin greenhouse. Informationarin bayani an tsara shi a cikin labarin a cikin nau'i na nau'in ƙididdigar jerin abubuwa.
Iri iri-iri na cucumbers
Yawancin nau'ikan nau'ikan suna ba ku damar zaɓar mafi kyawun zaɓuɓɓukan da suke da su cuta da kuma juriya na yanayi na yankin da aka shirya shuka ciyawa
Kuskure na kowa shine amfani da wasu nau'ikan nau'ikan 2-3, waɗanda aka saba da nomansu shekaru da yawa.
Masu kiwo na gida da na waje sun haɓaka nau'ikan da yawa waɗanda ba su da ƙarancin fasahar noma mai ƙarancin gaske da dandano mai daɗi fiye da ɗakunan cucumber da ake da su.
Daga cikin manyan nasihu game da noman kayan lambu, masana sun yi nuni da bukatar shuka iri da yawa lokaci guda... Wannan yana ba da damar tantance amfanin ƙasa na nau'ikan daban-daban a ƙarƙashin yanayi iri ɗaya, don samun aƙalla amfanin ƙasa lokacin fari ko ruwan sama mai tsawo.
Tattara bayanai masu mahimmanci da amfani game da bambancin bambancin, za a iya samun halaye na halayen zelents a ƙasa.
Mafi mashahuri iri da sunaye
Don dacewar fahimta da amfani da rubutu a aikace, tsirrai sun kasu kashi daban-daban, haɗaɗɗiyar sifa iri ɗaya.
Mafi kyawun gashin kanka don buɗe ƙasa
Kokwamba masu cin gashin kansu suna da fa'idodi da yawa, wanda a cikinsu akwai kyakkyawar rigakafi da juriya da yalwar danshi.
- Booth - lokacin nunawa shine kwanaki 40 kawai. A tsawon, tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire sun kai cm 9. bushaya daga cikin daji yana samarwa har zuwa kilogiram 3.5. Immarfin rigakafin tsire-tsire yana tsayayya da cututtuka daban-daban (zaitun zaitun, mosaic, powdery mildew).
- Jaruntaka - girbin nau'ikan Kurazh yana farawa kwanaki 40-47 bayan harbe-harbe sun ɓace daga ƙasa. Nauyin kokwamba ɗaya ya kai 170-180 GR., Har zuwa an kafa zelents 10 a ɗauka ɗaya. Kusan kusan shukar ba ta shan wahala daga ruɓaɓɓen fure.
- Connie - an fara girbin 'ya'yan itacen a rana ta 50 bayan shuka. Al'adar ta kowa ce ta yadda ake noman ta da kuma amfani da cucumber. Tsawon tsire-tsire shine cm 10, yawan amfanin ƙasa daga 1 m2 kusan 9 kilogiram ne.
- Berendey - 'ya'yan itãcen marmari (12-15 cm) sun yi kwanaki 42 bayan da ganyayen suka bayyana. Zaka iya girbi har zuwa kilogiram 3.5 daga daji ɗaya. Zelentsy yana da halaye masu kyau kuma suna da tsawon rayuwa.
- Gerda - 'ya'yan itacen 10 cm tsayi sun bayyana watanni 1.5 bayan shuka. An cire kilogram 2.8-3 daga daji. Cututtuka ba sa cutarwa da tsire-tsire; musamman yana da tsayayya ga cututtukan fungal.
Mafi kyau cikakke cucumbers
Yankunan da suka fara nunawa suna da fasalin da kowane mai lambu ya kamata ya saba da shi.
Ovaries na furannin namiji sune na farko da suka fara, dole ne a cire su, tunda suna tsoma baki tare da ci gaban shuka.
- Afrilu - daga lokacin dasa shuki, Aprila fruitsan watan Afrilu sun yi balaguro a rana ta 50, suna kai tsawon 20 zuwa 20 cm. Shuka kanta tana tsara haɓakar harbe, don haka buƙatar yankan ya faɗi. Yawan aiki daga 1 m2 kan matsakaita kilogiram 22. Kokwamba basu cika yin nasara ba idan suka rasa ranar taron. Al'adar tana da tsayayya ga kusan dukkanin cututtuka, ban da tushen ruɓewa.
- Hermann - tsiro a cikin kwanaki 39-41 bayan toho. Tsawon tsire-tsire na Herman ya kai 10 cm, ana girbe kilogram 23-26 daga 1 m2. A matasan ne halin da dogon fruiting lokaci, kai pollination da rigakafi ga fungi.
- Orlik - zai fara bada fruita fruita a kwana 47-50 bayan shuka. Tsawon tsire-tsire ya kai 14-16 cm, tare da diamita na 3.5-4 cm. An cire kilogiram 6-8 daga daji. Al'adar tana da garkuwar jiki mai ƙarfi, yana tsayayya da furer hoda, ruɓewar tushe, tabon zaitun da TMV
- Valdai - daji ya fara ba da 'ya'ya a rana ta 45 bayan fitowar harbe-harbe. Mata ne ke samar da furanni galibinsu, saboda haka ana buƙatar yin kwalliya ta ƙudan zuma. Tsawan ciyawar yakai 10-11 cm, har zuwa kilogram 4.5 na amfanin gona an cire daga daji. An haɓaka samfurin don adanawa, amma saboda ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano shi kuma ana amfani dashi don salad.
Tsakiyar-kakar
Matsakaici ripening iri fara bada 'ya'ya a ranar 45-55 bayan shuka iri a cikin ƙasa. Duk tsire-tsire na wannan rukuni sun bambanta a cikin hanyar namo (greenhouse, ƙasa), manufa (sabo ne ko don salting) da kuma irin ƙarancin.
- Gasa - halayyar tsire ce mai son rayuwa kuma tana da tsayayya da cututtuka. Tsawon tsire-tsire ya kai 9-12 cm tare da matsakaicin nauyin 100 gram. Har zuwa kilogram 3.8 na amfanin gona ana girbe shi daga kowane m2. A iri-iri yana da kyau rigakafi da kuma shi ne resistant zuwa powdery mildew.
- Nezhinsky - iri-iri da ƙudan zuma suka gurɓata, wanda ke tattare da tushe mai ƙarfi, ,a fruitsan matsakaici (tsayin 10-12 cm, nauyin 90 g) da yawan amfanin ƙasa (8 kilogiram da 1 m2). Nezhinsky yana jure yanayin ƙarancin zafi kuma yana da tsayayya ga cututtuka da yawa. Kokwamba suna da babban dandano.
- Libella - gama-gari na duniya tare da dogon lokacin amfani. Tare da kulawa mai kyau, zaka iya girbi har sai sanyi sosai. Tsawon tsire-tsire na Libelle ya kai 14 cm, nauyi - gram 140. Daga murabba'in mita, har zuwa 10-12 kg an cire. Lokacin da aka sa gishiri, ɓangaren litattafan almara zai kasance mai tsayayye kuma mai ƙarfi. A cikin fasahar noma, ba kasafai ake samun lalacewar amfanin gona ta hanyar cututtukan gama gari ba.
- Tebur - yana da dandano mai kyau ba tare da ɗacin rai ba, manufa don salting. An kafa daji mai tsayi tare da bulala mai ƙarfi, tsawon 'ya'yan itacen ya kai 12 cm kuma ya auna gram 80-90. Yawan aiki daga 1 m2 kimanin kilogiram 8.
Marigayi ya makara
A fasalin marigayi-ripening cucumbers shi ne cewa tsaba germinate da kyau kawai a cikin shekara ta 3rd.
Sabili da haka, kayan da aka sayi yana da daraja kafin dasa shuki bincika germination... Hakanan, yayin zaɓar nau'ikan wannan rukunin, kuna buƙatar la'akari da yanayin yankin da lokacin nunannin zelents don samun lokacin tattara mafi yawan girbin kafin farkon lokacin sanyi.
- Phoenix - lokacin girbi zai fara kwanaki 64 bayan shukar shukar. Cucumbers sun kai tsawon 16 cm, tare da matsakaicin nauyin 230 g. Gandun daji na Phoenix suna yin bulala mai ƙarfi wanda ke tsayayya da lamuran yanayi da kyau.
- Mai nasara - ya banbanta cikin doguwar bulala mai saurin yaduwa fari da sanyi. A inji shi ne resistant zuwa daban-daban na fungi. Tsawon 'ya'yan itacen ya kai cm 14 tare da matsakaicin nauyin 110 gram. Amfanin daga 1 m2 shine 7-8 kg.
- Hasken rana - iri-iri suna tsakiyar lokacin, amma yawancin lambu suna shuka shi ne da wuri. Gandun daji yana samar da tsire-tsire da yawa, yana yin bulala mai ƙarfi, wanda ke nufin dasa shuki a kan babban yanki. Baƙon ɗan koren ya rufe da tuban tubercles da launuka masu ɗanɗano. Tsawon kokwamba ya kai cm 12 tare da matsakaicin nauyin 140 gram.
- Brownie - lokacin girbi yana farawa kwanaki 65 bayan tsire-tsire. Tsawon kokwamba karami ne (9 cm), amma dandano yana da tsayi. Al'adar tana da kyakkyawar rigakafi, tana nuna juriya ga kusan dukkanin cututtukan gama gari. Yawan aiki - 6-8 kilogiram a kowace m2.
- Sinanci - nau'ikan da ke jure cuta tare da ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano da rashin ɗacin rai. Wani fasali na 'ya'yan itacen kokwamba na ƙasar Sin ana ɗaukarsa ɗan gajeren rayuwa ne bayan girbi. Asalin cucumbers masu tsayi (30-35 cm) suna kama da macizai. Shuka na jure yanayin ƙarancin zafi da haske mara kyau.
Wanne ne mafi yawan samar da shuka ga greenhouses
Ba tare da togiya, dukkanin lambu suna da sha'awar nau'ikan samar da kwayoyi masu yawa. A cikin gidan abincin ku, zaku iya ƙoƙarin haɓaka mashahuran waɗanda.
- Gherkin Faris - 'ya'yan itacen sun balaga kwanaki 50-60 bayan shuka. Tsawan nau'ikan gherkin Parisiyya ya kai 12 cm tare da matsakaita nauyin 85 gram. Yawancin ovaries an kafa su a kan lash, wanda ke ba da tabbacin yawan amfanin ƙasa - sama da kilogiram 30 ta 1 m2. Seedarancin ƙwayar ƙasa ya tanadi dasa gadaje ta hanyar shuka.
- Fontanelle - sanannen kokwamba a tsakanin masu lambu a ƙasarmu. Ana shuka shi a kusan kowane yanki. Girman ganyen bazara ya kai 22-24 cm tare da matsakaicin nauyi na gram 150. Fiye da kilogiram 10 aka cire daga daji. Dangane da dandano da ka'idojin fasahar aikin gona, nau'ikan ya kasance yana gasa a gaban mafi kyawun ci gaban Turai na masu kiwo.
- Zozulya - lokacin girbi yana farawa a rana ta 45 bayan ya toho. Ana aiwatar da samuwar lash ta hanyar da daji baya bukatar kwalliya. Zelentsy ya kai 24 cm tsayi tare da matsakaicin nauyin 280-300 gram. Daga murabba'in mita, zaka iya tattarawa har zuwa kilogiram 30 na kokwamba Zozulya. Kusan kusan shuka baya yin rashin lafiya tare da tabon zaitun da mosaic na kokwamba.
Don dasa shuki a cikin fili
- Suzanne - amfanin gona mai yawa wanda za'a iya girma ba kawai a cikin filin bude ba, amma a cikin greenhouse har ma a baranda. Tsawon lash din ya kai 3-4 m, yana samar da adadi mai yawa na ovaries. Fruitaukar 'ya'yan itace santimita 3-4 ko jira har sai sun girma, wannan ba zai shafi ɗanɗanar ba. Suzanne tana da cuta mai kyau da kuma juriya da kwaro.
- Sparta - da matasan ne kudan zuma-pollinated tare da barga fruiting. Tsawan tsire-tsire shine 6-12 cm, dandano yana da daɗi ba tare da ɗaci ba. A al'adun yana da karfi rigakafi, musamman a kan powdery mildew da fungi. Yawan amfanin gona a kowane daji shine kilogiram 2.8-3.1.
- Pickle - lokacin 'ya'yan itacen ya fara ne bayan kwanaki 55 bayan bayyanar tsiro. Tsawon koren ganye yakai 9-11 cm tare da matsakaicin nauyi na gram 100-110. An cire sama da kilogiram 4 daga daji ɗaya. Pickan tsami yana da ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano tare da rubutu mai ɗanɗano, ba tare da ɗacin rai ba.
- Buratino Aanƙara ne mai zaman kansa wanda yake fara yin kwanaki 48 bayan yaɗuwar ƙwaya. Tsawan tsire-tsire yana da kusan 8-9 cm tare da nauyin 85 grams. Yawan amfanin gona a kowace daji shine kilogram 3.4.
- Urarfi - ta hanyar saurin nunawa, ana daukar kokwamba mai tsere, kwanaki 38 kawai bayan fitowar tsiro. Tsawon tsire-tsire yana da kusan 9 cm tare da nauyin 80 g. Lokacin frua isan yana wucewa, dukkan ariesan kwai suna haɗuwa kuma suna girma tare. Yanayin da ba shi da kyau ba shi da wani mummunan tasiri a lokacin kaka.
Don girma a Siberia
Girma kokwamba a cikin yanayi mai wahala yana da halaye irin nasa. Zai fi kyau dasa cucumbers a cikin Siberia a cikin bishiyoyin polycarbonate ko zaɓi ɗiyan itacen da suka fara girma.
Lokacin zabar tsaba, ya kamata a ba da fifiko ga nau'ikan tare da juriya na damuwa.
- Altaic - yana da gajeren lokacin girbi, girbin yana farawa kwanaki 36-40 bayan shukar. Tsawon tsire-tsire shine 9-12 cm tare da nauyin 100 g. Ganye yana da tsayayyar sanyi, yana iya jure yanayin yanayin yanayi. Bayan girbi, 'ya'yan itacen suna riƙe da gabatarwa da dandano na dogon lokaci.
- Serpentine - irin gherkin kokwamba, ya yi kwanaki 39-42 bayan ya yi girma. Lokacin 'ya'yan itace yana da ƙarfi, tuni a cikin kwanaki 10 na farko yawancin amfanin gona an girbe - sama da kilogram 1.7 da 1 m2. An san maciji da ɗanɗano, wanda ba shi da haushi.
- Bush - karamin shuka wanda ke buƙatar pollination. Tsawan tsire-tsire ya kai 8 cm tare da nauyin 90 gram. Yawan aiki yana da karko tare da kulawa mai dacewa (kilogram 3 a kowane daji). Abubuwan da aka bambanta a cikin ire-irensu shine juriya da ƙarfi na rigakafi. Kokwamba suna da yawa.
Kowane irin cucumbers na da fa'idodi masu ban sha'awa. Babban abu yayin zaɓar la'akari da yanayin yanayin yanki da wasiƙa zuwa garesu game da halayen nau'ikan da kuke so. Sannan za a yi babban matakin aza girbi na gaba daidai.