Yawancin lambu da yawa sun fara noma kyawawan al'adun Gordovina viburnum. Shrub shine dangi na kusa da na yau da kullun... Kalina Gordovina na iya samun wasu sunaye: ji ko Bahar Rum.
Bayani game da nau'ikan viburnum Gordovina
Wannan nau'ikan ya fito ne daga Asiya (kudu maso yamma), Arewa. Afirka, Turai. Shrub din dangin honeysuckle ne. A cikin daji, shukar ta bazu a wurare masu dumi: Zap. Turai, Transcaucasia, Yankin Leningrad, Siberia, Crimea, yankuna Asiya. A cikin yankuna masu sanyi, Kalina Gordovina yana jurewa da rawar tsire-tsire masu ban sha'awa don gyara shimfidar ƙasa... Za'a iya samun nasarar haɓaka cikin yankuna da yawa. Tananan yanayi da Far North ne kawai aka keɓance. Tsarin ba shi da izini ga ƙasa kuma ba shi da ma'ana a cikin kulawa. Har zuwa ƙarshen kaka, shrub ɗin yana riƙe da 'ya'yan itace masu baƙar fata mai haske da jan-hoda mai ruwan hoda.
Shrub ɗin yana da ƙarfi, yana girma har zuwa mita biyar a tsayi. Yana da babban kambi mai girman diamita har zuwa mita uku. Rassan shuka suna kusa da juna kuma shrub ɗin yana kama da ƙarami.
Shushen yana rayuwa na dogon lokaci, wani lokacin shekarun yakan kai shekaru 50... A tsawon lokacin wanzuwarsa, yana da babbar hanyar tushen tare da adadi mai yawa na ƙananan tushe. Tare da kasar gona da ciyayi, saiwar sun zama sod.
Gordovina yana ba ku damar ƙirƙirar abubuwan ƙirar zane.
Wani shrub ɗin ado yana da ƙyallen ganye mai siffa mai tsayi, tsawonsa ya kai 18 cm. Ganyayyaki suna da fadi kuma suna da yawa, launi mai danshi mai duhu kore a sama, launin toka a ƙasa... Harbe-harbe, rassa da ganye an lulluɓe su da fararen farin gashi masu kamannin taurari. Budwararru kuma suna da laushi kuma ba tare da ma'auni ba. Saboda yawan girma, ana kiran shrub 'gari'.
Tsire-tsire yana fara fure a watan Mayu kuma yana ci gaba da furanni a watan Yuni, lokacin fure kusan wata ɗaya ne. Loananan inflorescences an haɗa su da furanni mai ƙararrawa mai tsayi kamar 1.5 cm, fararen kirim... Kowane fure na samar da drupe berry. A wannan lokacin, Gordovina's viburnum na kyawawan kyan gani. Da farko, berries sun zama ja, sannan suka zama baƙi. A wannan lokacin, bishiyoyin sun ƙunshi blacka fruitsan baƙi da ja a lokaci guda. Duk 'ya'yan itace sun zama baƙi a watan Satumba kuma sun zauna a daji fiye da kwanaki 20. Sai kawai a cikin Oktoba viburnum ba ta da kyau sosai. 'Ya'yan itace suna shrivel, amma ruwan' ya'yan itace har yanzu ana kiyaye su a ciki, ana iya cin su.
Duk da yake 'ya'yan viburnum suna ja, suna ɗanɗana ɗaci, tart. Cikakke 'ya'yan itacen baƙi sun ɗanɗana zaƙi. Yayin tattarawa, dole ne a goge goge viburnum tare da mai datti. Idan 'ya'yan itacen da ba su kai ba sun zo a cikin goga, za su yi girbi a cikin akwati. Daga ɗan shekara 15 daji, yawan amfanin ƙasa yawanci guga ɗaya cike.... Ana amfani da Berries sabo, ana amfani dasu don shirya compotes, juices, jellies. Yana da kyau idan wasu thea fruitsan ona fruitsan itacen sun kasance a kan viburnum, tsuntsaye zasu ci su da farin ciki.
Fasali:
Ba kamar sauran nau'ikan viburnum ba, gordovina yana da fasali da yawa:
- Shuka daban halaye na ado daga farkon bazara zuwa hunturu - daga furanni zuwa launuka na kaka mai haske;
- Overarfi da girma ba da damar yin amfani da shrubs don hana motsin ƙasa a kan gangare da kwazazzabo;
- Yayi kyau a wuraren shakatawa da lambuna shinge;
- Cikakken karbuwa zuwa yanayin birane.
- Kyakkyawan haɗuwa tare da manyan bishiyoyi.
Iri-iri
Kalina Gordovina tana da iri:
- Aurea... Babban shrub mai tsayin cm 200. Yana da bishiyar tsana 10-cm ganye mai launin rawaya mai launin zinariya. Furanni suna da fari-fari-fari a cikin shimfidar filaye. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari ƙanana ne, ja a farkon su kuma baƙi ne idan sun nuna.
- Variegata... Shuke-shuke ya kai kawai cm 150. Kambi na shrub yana zagaye tare da yalwar ganye. Wide 20-santimita ovidence ganye, wrinkled, serrated a gefuna. An rufe ganyen ganye da ƙananan haske. Zagaye berries, wanda kawai 7 mm a diamita, ja ne da farko, sannan ya zama baƙi.
Dukansu nau'ikan suna da kyau sosai kuma suna da ado.
Fa'idodi da rashin amfani
Kyakkyawan shrub na ado mai ban sha'awa yana da fa'idodi da yawa:
- juriya sanyi;
- cikin nutsuwa yana jure fari;
- iya girma a cikin inuwa yankuna;
- a sauƙaƙe yana amfani da gurɓataccen iskar gas, hayaƙi da ƙura a cikin yanayin birane;
- yana da babban sakamako na ado;
- da wuya yakan ba da kansa ga lalacewa ta hanyar cututtuka da ƙwayoyin ƙurar viburnum;
- kowace shekara, kambi da tsawo na shrub suna ƙaruwa da kimanin 30 cm;
- wani tsarin tushen ci gaba yana ba da ƙarfi don ƙarfafa ƙasa mai yiwuwa ga lalatawa.
Rashin fa'idodi, bisa ga sake dubawar lambu, ba a kiyaye su a cikin viburnum na Gordovina.
Sake haifuwa
Don haifuwa na horodovina, ana ɗaukar yankan, yadudduka ko iri.
Tsaba
Ya kamata a shuka tsaba a ƙarshen Oktoba ko farkon bazara. Kafin aika su zuwa ƙasa, kuna buƙatar riƙe tsaba a cikin firiji tsawon watanni 7 (stratification). Ana aiwatar da Seeding zuwa zurfin 3 cm. Germination yana farawa daga tushe, toho yana buɗe ne kawai a shekara mai zuwa. Wani ƙaramin yaro ya fito daga ƙasa. Gogaggen lambu shawara don hanzarta germination:
- kiyaye tsaba na tsawon watanni uku a t 18 digiri;
- kiyaye tsaba don watanni uku masu zuwa a t -3 - +5 digiri.
Green yankan
An yanke kayan a ƙarshen Yuni ko farkon Yuli. Kashi na uku na ganye an cire. Ana sanya sassan a cikin ruwa tare da ƙari na na'urar kwaikwayo ta musamman don hanzarta fitowar asalinsu (Kornevin, IMK). Bayan samuwar asalinsu, dasa itacen a cikin greenhouse. Za a iya dasa shi a gonar. Sannan kana buƙatar yin tsari daga kwalban filastik, misali. A koyaushe ana cire hular don samun iska da kuma shayar da tsiron.
Gidaje
Hanyar ta kunshi lankwasa harbe-harbe a kasa. A lokacin bazara, an riga an aza raƙuman tsayi 10 cm... Harbe-harbe suna dage farawa a cikin tsagi kuma an rufe su da ƙasa. Harbe-harbe za su yi jijiya a lokacin bazara, bayan haka za a iya dasa su. Kuna iya yin dasawa a cikin bazara.
Ta rarraba daji
Gandun daji ya raba duka a bazara da kaka. An raba shuka zuwa sassa da yawa, la'akari da cewa kowannensu yana da aƙalla buds 3 na sabuntawa.
Shuka shuka da barin ta
Kalina Gordovina ya fi son tsaka-tsaki ko raunin ƙasa da ƙarancin haske. Shuka ba ta son yashi, peat da ƙasa podzolic... Yana girma a kan ƙasa mara haihuwa, amma furanni da frua fruan itace suna taɓarɓarewa.
Wata daya kafin a dasa, ana gabatar da phosphorus, potassium a cikin hanyar takin zamani a cikin kasar gona, an kara peat. A cikin bazara ko kaka an tono Hutun sauka 40 cm fadi, tsawon cm 50 da zurfin 40-50 cm... Nisa tsakanin dazuzzuka ya kai akalla 3 m.
Ana shirya hada tukwane:
- ƙasar ƙasa (peat, humus);
- urea (3 tbsp. l.);
- Toka ta itace (gilashi 1).
Kar a yarda tushen tsarin ya hadu da toka.
Saplings, waɗanda tushensu ke rufe, an sanya su a tsakiyar ɓacin rai kuma an rufe su da ƙasa. Abun wuya ya zama bai fi 5 cm a cikin ƙasa ba... Tushen da aka fallasa an shimfiɗa shi a kan tarin tukunyar ƙasa kuma an rufe shi. Bayan an dasa, ana yin rami kusa da shuka kuma ana zuba ruwa a ciki. Sa'an nan kasar gona ne mulched da peat ko itace sawdust.
Shayarwa
Matasa suna buƙatar zubar 40 cm da yamma... Manyan daji suna buƙatar shayarwa a lokacin kakar girma da lokacin samuwar 'ya'yan itace.
Wajibi ne don sassauta ƙasa a cikin da'irar kusa-kusa don samun damar oxygen zuwa tushen tsire-tsire.
Top miya
Kamar kowane bishiyoyi da bishiyoyi, viburnum na Gordovina yana buƙatar ciyarwa:
- A lokacin bazara, kafin ganye su bayyana, an gabatar da urea (2 tbsp. l.);
- Kafin flowering kana buƙatar ƙara potassium sulfide (2 tbsp. l.);
- A watan Yuli an yi amfani da hadadden takin mai magani (60 g);
- Bayan shekaru biyu, a cikin kaka, kafin tono ƙasa, rubabben taki, phosphorus, potassium. A lokacin bushewar yanayi, ana narkar da takin gargajiya da ruwa.
Ana amfani da dukkan takin mai magani a da'irar akwati.
Yankan
An yi yanke gordovina a cikin bazara. Wannan yana cire cuta da tsoffin rassa. Ana aiwatar da hanyar sabuntawa bayan shekaru shida, wato, tsoffin rassa an sare su zuwa asalinsu. Kuna buƙatar barin rassan 7 na rassan itace don 'ya'yan itace daji.
Don kyan daji, za a tsinke twan sandar da ta wuce 40 cm da hannu.
Idan viburnum yana buƙatar ƙirƙirar ta hanyar itace, sa'annan babban akwati na tsaye ya kasance, sauran alƙaluman suna yanke. Sabbin harbe-harbe da harbe-harbe ya kamata a yanke duk shekara. Don reshe da kyau na kambi dole ne a narkar da ci gaban.
Cututtuka da kwari
Shrub din yana da matukar tsayayya ga cututtuka da kwari, amma wasu har yanzu suna lalata tsire-tsire:
- aphid;
- scabula wakafi-mai siffa;
- asu asu.
Magungunan kwari, zai fi dacewa tare da mannewa, yana taimakawa sarrafa kwari. Ana iya lalata garkuwar tare da karbofos. Don lalata aphids, an ƙara trichogram zuwa shuka.
Bushes yana fama da fure-furen foda da tabo... Yin jiyya tare da magungunan gwari zai taimaka wajen yakar cututtuka. Don hana cututtuka, ana yin magani tare da infusions na taba ko tafarnuwa.
Kammalawa
Kalina Gordovina tsire-tsire ne wanda ya kasance mai ado duk da yanayin da kuma rashin kulawa. Babban amfanin ado shine ganye... Shrub din ya dace da birane, don dasa shi a tituna, farfajiyoyi, murabba'ai.
Haka kuma, an san cewa 'ya'yan itacen bishiyar suna da kayan warkarwamusamman idan aka hada shi da zuma. Compotes, jelly an shirya daga berries, an bushe.