Akwai ra'ayi cewa dole ne a zaba manyan sutura daidai, in ba haka ba tsire-tsire zai fara haɓaka rayayye daga yawan abubuwan gina jiki. A irin waɗannan yanayi, ba muna magana ne game da yawan amfanin ƙasa ba. Ka'idojin kirkirar takin zamani, lokacin ciyar da albasa da ka'idojin gabatarwa an bayyana su a cikin wannan labarin.
Shin albasa da albasa suna buƙatar ƙarin ciyarwa?
Ko da tsire-tsire masu ban sha'awa suna buƙatar isasshen abinci mai gina jiki. Haɗin ƙasa yana da tasiri kai tsaye a lokacin girma, samuwar 'ya'yan itatuwa, sabili da haka, don samun girbi mai kyau, kuna buƙatar lura ba kawai yanayin bunƙasa amfanin gona ba, har ma don gabatar da abinci masu dacewa a cikin lokaci.
Abubuwan da ke cikin baka shine a zahiri yana sha dukkan abubuwan gina jiki daga cikin ƙasadraining ta. A lokaci guda, babu buƙatar amfani da duk takin mai magani.
A lokacin yanayi, kuna buƙatar ciyar da al'adun a kalla sau 2-3.
Fasahar dasa shuki ko dasa shuki a watan Mayu ya hada da shirya gadaje a kaka. Tashar ta wadata da humus ko takin a kan farashin 5-7 kilogiram na takin mai magani a kowace m2.
Idan ƙasa ta ƙare, ba za a iya raba ma'adinai da shi ba, dole ne a sa ƙwaya kafin a shuka wani abu. Dole ne a tono buɗaɗɗen ƙasa don a sami layin da ke da amfani yayin lokacin hunturu, inda harbewar tushen amfanin gona za su nuna.
Lokacin da takin zamani da abinci
Bayan dasa shuki, bayan kamar makonni 2, lokacin da tsiro suka bayyana a saman ƙasa, kuna buƙatar wadatar da ƙasa da zuba taki nitrogen don kara girman ciyawar. Idan yanayi a wannan matakin yana da yanayin tsananin ɗumi, baza a ƙara abubuwan kara kuzari na ma'adinai ba. Kayan abinci mai gina jiki daga ciyarwar kaka zasu isa.
Makonni 3 bayan cin abinci na farko, an gabatar da sabon ɓangaren abubuwan gina jiki tare da ƙaramin abun cikin abubuwan nitrogen, amma adadi mai yawa na potassium-phosphorus microelements. Ana buƙatar wannan aikin tuni don samar da albasadomin ya toho sosai ya girma sosai.
Takin takin mai magani na jawo hankalin kwari, saboda haka, kafin amfani da su, kuna buƙatar kula da tsire-tsire tare da maganin mutane - taba ko tokar itace.
Deficarancin kowane alamun abubuwa nan da nan tare da wasu alamun alamun:
- rashin nitrogen ana gane shi ta hanyar saurin girma, kodadde launin fuka-fukai, rawaya rawaya;
- ana bayyana yunwar potassium a samuwar necrosis akan saman fuka-fukai tare da ci gaba ahankali zuwa ga albasa;
- rashin phosphorus yana jinkirin ci gaban shukar, babba launin ruwan kasayadawa a cikin gashin tsuntsu;
- an lura da karancin zinc a cikin karkatattun ganye ko dai a shimfida ta saman kasa;
- rashin tsokanar tagulla rage gashin tsuntsu, cire launin launi, sakamakon abin da ganyen ya dushe.
Ya kamata a lura cewa waɗannan alamun ba sa bayyana kansu a sarari. Tare da rashin abinci mai gina jiki ana buƙatar haɗin kai, Saboda karancin kasa yana da karancin abubuwa masu yawa na micro da macro.
Wasu lokuta, lokacin dasa shuki wani yanki da ba a sani ba, yana da wuya a ƙayyade matsayin ƙimar abinci mai gina jiki. A irin waɗannan halaye, yana da kyau a mai da hankali kan halayyar shukar a lokacin ɗabi'ar girma da gabatar da ƙarin abinci, la'akari da alamun cutar.
Abin da ake nufi da ciyarwa a lokacin bazara
An tsara jadawalin amfani da takin mai la'akari da mahimmancin noman kayan lambu. Hanya mafi sauki ita ce samun ganye. Ana amfani da hanyar hadewa don samar da cikakken juzu'i.
A farkon bazara (a watan Maris), ya kamata ku tono yankin da aka zaɓa. Idan ƙasa a kanta tana da yawa, ana ba da shawarar gabatarwa a ciki yashi da peat... Wannan zai sa tsarin ya zama mai sauki kuma ya kara sakin jiki.
Idan babu shirin kaka, ƙasar da aka haƙa ta wadata da cakuda, wanda ya haɗa da:
- humus (5-6 kilogiram a kowace m2);
- urea (20-25 g);
- superphosphate (30 g);
- gishirin potassium (15-20 g).
Processingaddamarwar aiki sake cika rashin abinci mai gina jiki akan yankuna masu laushi kuma yana saukaka kulawar albasa.
Albasa ba ta da kyau game da gabatarwar sabon kwayoyin halitta daga asalin dabbobi, saboda haka ya kamata a jefar da irin wannan ciyarwar.
Don takin ƙasa a cikin bazara, ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da:
- humus;
- peat;
- tokar itace.
Bayan fitowar harbe sama da saman ƙasa, ana ba da shawarar shiga nitrogen abun da ke ciki... Yana da kyau a jinkirta jiyya idan ana ruwan sama mai yawa, tunda nitrogen yana narkewa cikin ruwa kuma fa'idodin aikin zasu zama marasa mahimmanci.
Zaɓuɓɓukan takin zamani guda uku
Hanyar 1
- wani bayani na ruwa (10 l) da ammoniya (3 tbsp. l.) - zuba ta Makonni 2 bayan saukowa;
- ruwa (10 l), ammonium nitrate (1 tbsp. l.), gishiri (1 tbsp. l.), potassium permanganate (kamar wata lu'ulu'u ne) - ta hanyar 3 makonni bayan ciyarwa ta farko;
- ruwa (10 l), superphosphate (2 tbsp. l.) - ta hanyar Makonni 4-5 bayan ciyarwa ta biyu.
Hanyar 2
- ruwa (10 l), na nufin "Vegeta" (2 tbsp. l.), Urea (1 tbsp. l.) - ruwa na kwanaki 15 bayan saukowa;
- ruwa (10 l), Agricola 2 (1 tbsp. l.);
- ruwa (10 l), na nufin "Effecton-O" (2 tbsp. l.).
Hanyar 3
- jiƙa ɗanyen burodi (500 gr.) da ruwa (lita 10), ƙara sabuwar ciyawa da aka yanka (500 gr.) Da kuma yisti sabo (ƙananan fakiti 5), ƙara bayan kwana 2 a tsaye;
- ruwa (10 l), nitrophoska (2 tbsp. l.);
- tokar itace (250 gr.) Zuba ruwan zãfi (10 l) sannan a bar shi har kwana 2-3.
Yadda ake takin albasa a lokacin rani
Idan an dasa al'adun a kan ƙasa mai ni'ima, an bi da shi da kyau a cikin kaka, sannan ban da haka takin zamani nitrogen ba lallai ba ne a gabatar da abinci na kari.
A wasu halaye kuma, a lokacin bazara, hanyar na iya inganta ingancin girbin albasa, batun ko kan bulb, saboda haka bai kamata ku ba da shi ba.
A lokacin bazara (ƙarshen Yuni - farkon rabin Yuli) ya faɗi mataki na uku na ciyarwa... Abun da aka yi amfani da shi ya zama mai wadatar potassium, phosphorus, jan ƙarfe da sauran abubuwan gina jiki. Wadatarwa tare da abubuwa masu mahimmanci masu mahimmanci yana da kyakkyawan tasiri akan samuwar turnip don ya girma sosai.
Masu lambu galibi suna amfani da taki mai gauraya, suna ƙara ingancin aiki. Wajibi ne don gabatar da maganin aiki a cikin sa'o'in yamma, zai fi dacewa bayan hazo ko ban ruwa.
Lokacin aiki tare da mafita na gina jiki, yakamata ku gabatar dasu cikin ƙasa. Saduwa da gashinsa zai tsokane rawayarsu.
Top miya a kaka
Ana aiwatar da tsara yankin sauka don sabon yanayi a lokacin bazara. Mataki na farko shine aiwatar da ayyuka zuwa disinfection na ƙasa... Ranar da aka gabatar da abinci mai gina jiki, ana yin shayarwa tare da bayani na musamman: ruwa (10 l) tare da jan ƙarfe na ƙarfe (15 g). Wannan adadin ya isa ya fesa 5 m2.
Mafi mahimmancin suttura don albasa ana aiwatarwa a matakin shirya maƙarƙashiya don gadaje - a cikin kaka. Da farko dai, an tono kasar kuma barrantacce da ciyawa da tsofaffin tushe... An gabatar da humus ko kuma takin zamani don haƙa (ana amfani da kilogram 4-6 ta 1 m2).
Don shuka saitin albasa an wadatar da ƙasa tare da garin dolomite (har zuwa 150 g da 1 m2), alli ko wani abu na musamman wanda ke tsayar da yanayin mai guba. Don waɗannan dalilai, ana amfani da toka na itace da lemun tsami mai tsami. Kada a yi amfani da ciyarwar yisti.
A ƙasan ƙasa, ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da haɗakar potash-phosphorus tare da ƙwayoyin halitta. Suna hanzarta dawo da daidaiton abubuwan gina jiki. Idan an shirya noman ja da iri mai daɗi, to ya kamata a ba da fifiko ga haɓakar potassium.
Daga kowane nau'in gaurayawan abinci da mafita, ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da ma'adinai da ƙwayoyi, har ma da mafi kyawun takin mai magani.
Mafi mashahuri:
- superphosphate;
- fertika (hadadden granular tare da rage sinadarin nitrogen);
- humic "Albasa, tafarnuwa";
- nitroammophoska;
- potassium sulfate.
Wasu irin albasa ake dasawa don hunturu. Wajibi ne don wadatar da ƙasa da abubuwa masu mahimmanci Makonni 2-4 kafin sauka... Soilasa taki tana buƙatar tsayawa kaɗan don abubuwan da ke aiki su sami lokacin haɗuwa da yanayin ƙasa.
Bai cancanci amfani ba don maganin kaka kakawo takin mai zuwa:
- taki;
- dauke da sinadarin nitrogen.
Wannan abincin zai haifar da fitowar fuka-fukai da sauri kafin sanyi sosai, saboda abin da shuka zai mutu.
Girma amfanin gona tare da ciyarwa na yau da kullun, zaku iya samun girbi mai kyau kuma ku sami ingantattun tushen amfanin gona tare da kyakkyawar ɗanɗano da rayuwa mai tsayi.