Mahitos irin na tumatir ya sami babban shahara tsakanin masu lambun don kyakkyawan dandano, juriya a kowane mazauni a kowane yanki na yanayi, rashin tsari da kuma juriya da cuta. Wannan nau'ikan ya samo asali ne daga masu kiwon Dutch don girma a cikin wani greenhouse.
Halaye da bayanin tumatir iri-iri Mahitos F1
Wannan tumatir shi ne nau'ikan matasan matsakaicin tsufa... Dangane da halayyar, tana da tushe mai ƙarfi da tsarin ganye, ƙaƙƙarfan tushe. Ya kai ga tsawo har zuwa santimita 200.
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari suna da ɗan fasali mai santsi, santsi, na roba. Launin 'ya'yan itace mai haske ja. Kowane tumatir yana da nauyi gwargwadon bayanin daga gram 200 zuwa 250... Yawan amfanin ƙasa kilogram 3.5 ne a kowace sq 1. mita.
Ya dace da duka gwangwani da sabo.
Fa'idodi da rashin amfani
Wannan nau'ikan yana da fa'idodi masu zuwa:
- dandano mai daɗin ɗanɗano;
- yawan amfanin ƙasa;
- yiwuwar girbi sau biyu;
- dacewa mai kyau ga kowane yanayin yanayi;
- jure yanayin zafin jiki da ƙarancin abun ciki mai kyau.
- babban mataki na juriya ga cututtuka;
- kyakkyawar zirga-zirga;
- baya fasawa;
- kyakkyawan gabatarwa;
- dogon lokacin ajiya sabo;
- aikace-aikacen duniya;
- da sauri da sauƙi murmurewa daga damuwa;
- 'ya'yan itacen suna dauke da sinadarin lycopene, wani sinadarin antioxidant wanda ke iya kare jiki daga fitowar da kuma ci gaban mummunan ciwace-ciwace.
Rashin amfani:
- rashin kyawun sufuri na fruitsa fruitsan itacen da ba su yi girma ba
- tare da tsirewar da ba ta dace ba, ba za a sami kyakkyawar ƙwaya ba;
- launi ba monochromatic, tare da koren aibobi;
- idan ba a kiyaye tsarin zazzabi ba, togidan zai fadi.
Fasali na shuka da girma
Kafin shuka, ya kamata a rarrabe tsaba, ya kamata a cire waɗanda suka lalace, sannan a bi da su tare da haɓakar haɓaka Zircon ko Epin.
Shirya ƙasa kafin shuka iri. Don wannan muna buƙatar:
- gonar lambu;
- yashi kogi;
- peat;
- mullein;
- toka.
Haɗa ƙasa da aka shirya sosai kuma shayar da shi da kyau tare da maganin manganese mai ƙarfi, dumi shi a kan kuka. Mun cika ƙasa da aka shirya a cikin kwalaye na katako kuma muka shuka tsaba a cikin tsagi 1 cm mai zurfi a nesa na 3 cm tsakanin tsaba.
Tazarar tazarar ya zama ba kasa da santimita 10 ba... Yayyafa tsattsauran rami daidai da ƙasa, ruwa. Rufe zane a saman da gilashi ko tsare kuma saka har tsawon kwana 5 a ɗaki mai dumi... Zafin dakin ya zama ba ƙasa da + digiri 24 ba.
Kafin tsiro, kowace rana ya zama dole ayi farfaɗo da albarkatu... Don yin wannan, cire fim ɗin na mintina 30, kuma idan ƙasa ta bushe, kuna buƙatar danshi. Bayan tsaba ta tsiro, dole ne a cire fim ɗin kuma a rage zazzabin ɗakin zuwa +20 digiri.
Tabbatar da aiwatarwa a wannan lokacin sarrafa wutar lantarki... Idan lokutan hasken rana basu kai awa 12 ba, kuna buƙatar shigar da ƙarin haske. Ruwa ya zama na yau da kullun. Idan akwai ganye 2 a kan shukokin, ya zama dole a dasa su a cikin tukwane daban.
Dasa shuki a cikin tsire-tsire
Wajibi ne don dasa shuki a cikin greenhouse kwanaki 55-60 bayan farawar farko sun bayyana.
Nisa tsakanin tsirrai a jere ya zama Santimita 35-40... Jere tazara ba kasa da mita 1 ba... Dole ne a preheated ƙasa a cikin greenhouse zuwa + 18 digiri.
Nasihun kulawa
Don cikakken ci gaban kututturan da girbi mai kyau, dole ne ku bi waɗannan shawarwarin:
- Bukatar samar da daji daga ganga biyu.
- Watering ya zama matsakaici... Yalwar ruwa zai haifar da gaskiyar cewa daji zai yi girma kuma 'ya'yan itacen za su zama kaɗan.
- Idan zafin jiki a cikin greenhouse ya saukad da, dole ne a rage ko dakatar da shi na ɗan lokaci.
- Ya kamata a gudanar da abinci na farko bayan samuwar buroshi na uku.
- Kada a yi amfani da takin mai ma'adinai akai-akai. Wannan zai kara tsawon lokacin 'yayan itacen.
- Kuna buƙatar ɗaure a farkon matakin girma.
- Ya kamata a gyara ganye a yanayin zafi. Wannan zai taimaka rage danshi evaporation. Ganyen da ke inuwar ’ya’yan ne kawai aka cire.
- Da ake bukata lanƙwasa na yau da kullun.
- Don launin 'ya'yan itacen ya zama mai ɗamarar kuma ya cika, ya zama dole a yi suturar potassium-magnesium. Potassium yana taimakawa wajen daidaiton launi, kuma magnesium - yana haɓaka launi.
Cututtuka da kwari
Wannan iri-iri yana da ƙara kwanciyar hankali ga cututtuka masu zuwa:
- mosaic na taba;
- cladosporiosis;
- verticillosis;
- nematode.
Tare da wadataccen haske da madaidaicin tsarin zafin jiki, wannan nau'ikan tumatir yana bunkasa rigakafin kwari da cututtuka.
Girbi
A matsakaita, daga lokacin harbe-harbe na farko zuwa nunannin 'ya'yan itacen, 90-100 kwanaki... Girbi na farko ya fara a ƙarshen watan Agusta... 'Ya'yan tumatir a wannan lokacin suna da girman matsakaici, suna yin nauyi gram 170-180.
A farkon watan Satumba ripening fara, ko kuma kamar yadda lambu ce - na biyu nuna. A wannan lokacin, yawan amfanin ƙasa yana da girma sosai kuma tumatir sun ɗanɗana kusan a lokaci ɗaya. Yana da matukar dacewa don aiki ko wadataccen kayan aiki.
Asirin iyakar 'ya'yan itace
Domin cimma matsakaicin 'ya'yan itace, dole ne:
- Don dasa tumatir a cikin greenhouse, yi amfani da ƙasar da ta girma a kanta kabeji, wake, albasa, waken soya, wake.
- Dole ne damshin ƙasa da iska su daidaita. Tumatir zaiyi kyau sosai a cikin iska mai zafi da busasshiyar ƙasa... Bayan samuwar burushi na uku, watering ya zama mai yawa.
- Yayin saita 'ya'yan itace, yakamata a ciyar da kasar tare da potash da takin mai phosphorus. Wannan zai hanzarta nunannin 'ya'yan itacen kuma ya tabbatar da launi iri ɗaya.
- Ya kamata a ba da hankali musamman ga daji - cire matakai da ɗaure mai tushe zuwa goyan baya.
Yin amfani da tumatir
Yayan itacen farkon juyi anfi cinsu sabo ne ko a cikin salad... Wadannan 'ya'yan itatuwa suna da ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano kaɗan. 'Ya'yan da'irar ta biyu an fi amfani da ita don gwangwani ko shan ruwa, taliya ko nau'ikan biredi daban daban, domin basa rasa kayansu yayin maganin zafi.
La'akari da rashin fa'idarsa, mafi saukin kamuwa da cututtuka da rayuwa a cikin kowane yanayi, yawancin Mahitos babu shakka sun cancanci kulawar masu lambun. Bi duk shawarwari kuma sami wadataccen girbi.