An yi girma da ceri mai tsuntsaye a yankin ƙasar Rasha na dogon lokaci. Wannan itaciya shahararre ne saboda kyaun gani da kamshi na musamman yayin furanni.
Yankuna daban-daban na wannan shuka suna da kayan warkarwa. Sabili da haka, galibi ana amfani da su a maganin gargajiya, suna iya yin tasiri mafi kyau game da lafiyar ɗan adam. Nau'in launuka na Colorata (ko kuma ana kiransa Virginian Schubert) yana da matukar shahararrun mutane kuma yana alfahari ba kawai bayyanar ta ba, har ma da 'ya'yan itatuwa masu daɗi.
An haɓaka nau'in ceri na tsuntsaye mai yawa Colorata vulgaris a cikin Sweden. Yana da shahara sosai tsakanin masu lambun Rasha. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa halayensa suna a matakin mafi girma. Yarinya mai girma yana girma kuma yana girma cikin sauri. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari sun nuna a ƙarshen Yuli - farkon watan Agusta.
Colorata na daga nau'in kayan ado tare da furanni ja da koren ganye kuma yana iya yin ado da kowane lambun lambu tare da bayyanarsa. Wannan ba daji bane. Wannan tsuntsun ceri yana da kyau musamman ba a bakin tafki ko kandami ba. Saboda tsananin tsananin hunturu, ana iya shuka irin wannan bishiyar a kowane yanki na Rasha. Lokacin da aka kula dasu da kyau, Colorata yana samar da babban, yawan amfanin ƙasa shekara-shekara. Hakanan, nau'ikan iri-iri ne masu haɓaka kai tsaye.
Duba halayyar
Bird cherry Colorata itace mai tsayi (mita 5-6) tare da kambi, kambi mai ƙyalli. Haushi da harbe-harben bishiyar suna da launi a cikin launi mai ruwan hoda wanda ba a saba da shi ba, tare da wadatattun haske da duhu. Leavesananan ganye suna kama da launi iri ɗaya da harbe-harbe, kuma a lokacin da suka manyanta sun zama koren tagulla.
Yawancin lokaci ana tattara inflorescences a gungu. Furannin ceri na tsuntsaye suna da kyau ƙwarai da kamshi, an zana su cikin kalar ruwan hoda mai haske. Godiya ce a gare su cewa ana amfani da al'ada a cikin yanayin shimfidar wuri don ƙirƙirar abubuwa daban-daban.
'Ya'yan itacen Cherry tsuntsun ceri masu ci ne, suna da daɗi, dandano na dandano, idan sun girma sai a zana su baki,' ya'yan itacen suna da sheki, sheki.
Abubuwan da ke da amfani da fursunoni na launuka masu launin Cherrata
- cherry cherry Colorata itace maras kyau kuma yana buƙatar ƙarancin kulawa fiye da sauran albarkatun gona da ke girma a gonar;
- kyau bayyanar tsuntsu ceri da ƙanshi a lokacin furanni na iya yin ado da kowane, koda yankin da ba shi da kyau;
- haka kuma itacen yana jure yanayin sanyi da fari, wanda ya bashi damar girma a kowane yanki;
- 'ya'yan itacen wannan nau'ikan suna cin abinci kuma suna da ɗanɗano, wanda ke ba su damar amfani da su cikin nasara don nau'ikan sarrafawa iri-iri.
Kuma yanzu fursunoni:
- itace yana da ƙananan juriya ga hare-haren kwari kuma yana buƙatar matakan rigakafi akai-akai;
- Har ila yau Colorata yana ɗaukar sarari da yawa, wanda ya sa ba zai yiwu a yi girma bishiya a ƙaramin yanki ba.
Shuka Colorata ko Virginia Schubert
Lokacin shuki yakan dogara da wurin wurin gonar. A cikin kudanci da tsakiyar yankin, yankin Mosko, dasa kaka, wanda aka gudanar a watan Satumba, zai zama mafi kyau.
An ba da shawarar mazaunan arewacin, Urals da Siberia su aiwatar da wannan aikin a ƙarshen Maris - farkon Afrilu.
Zabar wuri don ceri tsuntsaye tare da jan furanni
- Hbermukha wata iriyar shuka ce mara kyau kuma tana iya girma a kusan kowace ƙasa. Amma zai fi kyau a dasa bishiya a ƙasa mai ƙyama tare da yanayin tsaka tsaki ko kaɗan;
- Idan kawai akwai ƙasa mai guba a kan wurin, dole ne a yi layya da farko tare da lemun tsami ko garin dolomite;
- Ba za ku iya dasa ceri na tsuntsu a wurare tare da babban matakin ruwan ƙasa ba;
- Wani abin da ake buƙata shine kasancewar hasken rana; girma cikin inuwa na iya ba shi da kyakkyawan sakamako ga lafiyar itacen.
Shiri na seedlings
Kafin dasa shuki ƙaramin itace, dole ne a shirya shi don wannan aikin kuma aiwatar da matakai masu zuwa:
- ana fitar da tsire-tsire tare da buɗaɗɗen tushe don awanni 8-10, an jiƙa shi a cikin wani bayani tare da mai kuzarin haɓaka. Misalin irin wannan magani shine tushe, epin, da sauransu;
- ana shuka tsire-tsire tare da rufaffiyar tushen tushen tsawon minti 20-30;
- Har ila yau, kafin dasa shuki, ya zama dole a bincika yanayin ƙwayoyin kuma cire duk busassun rassan da suka lalace;
- ana aiwatar da wannan hanyar tare da tushen seedling, kuma a kowane hali, kuna buƙatar datse kowane tushen kaɗan.
Shuka ramin shiri
Dole ne a shirya ramin shuka a gaba don ƙasa ta zama mai daɗaɗa da gina jiki. Don dasa shuki na bazara, an shirya rami a lokacin kaka, kuma don dasa shuki a cikin kaka kusan makonni 2-3. Zurfin da diamita na ramin ya kamata kai tsaye ya dogara da tushen tsarin seedling. Mafi sau da yawa, waɗannan alamun suna santimita 40-50.
Yayin shirye-shiryen ramin, an gauraya santimita 20 na duniya tare da:
- guga na peat;
- guga na humus ko rubabben taki;
- guga na yashi;
- 80-100 grams na taki ma'adinai.
Abincin da ya haifar an zuba shi a cikin rami kuma an bar shi don bayarwa har sai dasa shuki.
Gardenwararrun lambu sun ba da shawarar dasa shukar ceri a nesa na mita 2 da juna. A wannan yanayin, yana da kyau a sanya bishiyoyi da yawa iri daban-daban akan shafin don su iya ƙetare pollinate na kai.
Fasahar sauka
An dasa ceri mai tsuntsu ta amfani da fasaha mai zuwa:
- ana sanya tsaba a cikin rami don tushen abin wuya ya kasance santimita 1-2 sama da matakin ƙasa;
- ku ma kuna buƙatar yada tushen a hankali;
- sannan ramin an rufe shi da ƙasa, yayin girgiza ɗan lokaci-lokaci don kaucewa samuwar aljihun iska;
- a ƙarshen aikin, an shayar da da'irar bishiyar bishiya sosai tare da takin ko humus.
Kula da bishiyoyi
Nan da nan bayan dasa shuki, ya zama dole a datse bishiyar don tsayin ta yakai santimita 60-70, kuma cire dukkan rassan gefen, a bar 4 mafi girman harbe. Wannan hanya zata sami sakamako mai amfani akan samuwar kambun tsuntsu. A shekara mai zuwa, ta wannan hanyar, zai zama tilas a samar da mataki na biyu, sannan na uku, da dai sauransu.
A cikin watan farko bayan dasa shuki tare da buɗaɗɗen tushen tushen, dole ne a shayar da shi sosai.
Birt cherry Colorata yana haƙuri da fari sosai, amma yin amfani da danshi cikin lokaci zai taimaka inganta lafiyar itacen.
Hanyar tilastawa ita ce sassautawa na kusa da akwati da cire ciyawar.
Don kaucewa ci gaban cututtuka da kuma haifar da ƙwayoyin cuta a farkon bazara (nan da nan bayan dusar ƙanƙara ta narke) kuma a ƙarshen kaka (bayan faɗuwar ganye), ana aiwatar da datti mai tsabta. A lokacin wannan aikin, an cire bushe, daskararre ko rassan da abin ya shafa. A cikin balaga, yakamata a gudanar da yankan tsire-tsire. Har ila yau, ya zama dole a kula da hankali game da ci gaban harbe-harben da yanke rassan da ke girma a cikin kambin a kan lokaci.
Top miya tsuntsu ceri
Shekarun farko na 2-3, itacen baya buƙatar cin abinci, zai sami wadatattun abubuwan gina jiki da aka gabatar yayin shuka.
Sannan ceri tsuntsu yana haduwa sau 2 a shekara. Idan aka kwatanta da sauran albarkatu, ceri tsuntsu baya buƙatar gabatarwar dole na yalwar suttura. Wannan fasalin yana da alaƙa da tsarin tushen bishiyar mai ƙarfi da haɓaka, wanda zai iya wanzu da kansa kuma ya sami abubuwan gina jiki da kansa. Gogaggen lambu bayar da shawarar da wadannan aiki:
- A lokacin bazara, kafin fure, takaddun ma'adinai masu rikitarwa sun warwatse a cikin yankin sashin, to dole ne a shayar da ceri tsuntsu sosai don wakilin ya narke kuma zai iya shafan lafiyar bishiyar da kyau;
Idan kayi waɗannan ayyukan nan da nan bayan ruwan sama, to baku buƙatar shayar da ƙasa.
- A lokacin kaka, ana gabatar da humus ko rubabben taki don haƙawa. Idan ƙasa a kan shafin yana da ni'ima, to ana iya yin wannan ciyar sau ɗaya kowace shekara biyu.
Cututtuka da kwari
Cututtuka | Kwari |
Bird cherry Colorata yana da kyakkyawan juriya ga cututtuka da yawa, ban da fungal. Sabili da haka, galibi akan sa zaka iya samun lalacewar launin toka na inflorescences, clotterosporia, aljihunan plum, cytosporosis da fure mai laushi. | Saboda ƙanshin haske na ceri na tsuntsaye, kwari suna da matukar so, musamman ma kwarya, kwari, kwari, hawthorn da silkworm mara kyau. |
Don kawar da cutar, ya zama dole a cire kuma a ƙone duk sassan bishiyar da suka lalace. Jiyya tare da wasu sinadarai na musamman waɗanda aka sayar a shagunan lambu na iya kuma hanzarta aikin warkarwa. | Don kawar da kwari yana da matukar wahala, kuma wani lokacin ma ba zai yiwu ba, gwargwado kawai shine magani tare da shirye-shiryen sunadarai. |
A matsayin matakan kariya daga cututtukan fungal, gogaggen lambu sun ba da shawarar yayyafa bishiyar da ruwan sabulu ko toka a kowace bazara. Hakanan kuna buƙatar aiwatar da tsabtace tsabta a kan lokaci. | Zai fi kyau aiwatar da magunguna na rigakafin shan taba, nishaɗi ko Karbofos sau da yawa a kowane lokaci. Wani ma'auni mai tasiri shine don yin tarko waɗanda aka rataye a jikin itacen. |
Na farko magani ya kamata a da za'ayi kafin toho hutu.
Cherry Bird itace mai matukar kyau, wanda kuma yana da unusuala unusualan ban mamaki, fruitsa fruitsan tarta tartan tart kuma yana da kaddarorin magani da yawa. Abubuwan launuka iri daban-daban cikakke ne ga Rasha, ba rashi bane ga ƙasa, yanayi, kuma, ƙari, baya buƙatar tsayayyar kulawa.